大学英语四级完形填空测试概述（8）

会计考友

3 试题分析
6 L( X( y2 A$ I- E& o　　In Britain, the old Road Traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m.p.h. in towns and 4 m.p.h. in the country. Later Parliament increased the speed limit to 14 m.p.h. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it necessary to raise the limit to 20 m.p.h. By 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding restrictions were done away with altogether. For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked. Then in 1935, the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m.p.h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossing.
　　Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain. Offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on a restricted road, exceeding on any road the limit for the vehicle you are driving, and exceeding the 70 m.p.h. limit on any road. A restricted road is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.
　　The main controversy(争论) surrounding speeding law is the extend of their safety values. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when the 30 m.p.h. was introduced in 1935 there was a fall of 15 percent in fatal accidents.
　　Likewise, when the 40 m.p.h. speed limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties, there was a 28 percent reduction in serious accidents. There were also few casualties in the year after the 70 m.p.h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.
( [" y: X& g6 D　　In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limits should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to inexperienced drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA.
: t9 c* _2 v. t3 F) C3 h# \& e; I' S　　Questions: (注意: 答题尽量简短, 超过10个词要扣分. 每条横线限写一个英语单词, 标点符号不占格)
! y- e& E5 _, j* ^# N; M$ Y" {　　1. During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?
　　2. What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?
　　3. Speeding is a motoring offence a driver commits when he ________.
8 I5 F1 @/ H! C" v: S. u, l5 M　　4. What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?
　　5. What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?
, w9 p, a. L% Q% e4 I, ]　　本篇谈论汽车限速问题. 第一段介绍了英国的限速历史; 第二段说的是现在英国有三类超速违章; 第三段引用交通部认为限速对安全有利的观点; 第四段指出在美国人们对于限速的反对态度.
" G2 ]+ e4 K5 ~　　第一题考的是英国没有限速是在哪一个时期. 这个细节可以很快地在第一段有关英国限速的历史中找到. 1930-1934 或者From 1930 to 1934或者Between 1930 and 1934.答案可以是完整的句子, 如 They could do so from 1930 to 1935. 但是如果句子出了语法错误, 是会被扣分的, 所以不如简单点好.
　　第二题考的1935 年除了限速, 还采取了什么措施. 我们可以用查读的方法迅速找到1935这个数字所出现的段落, 找到答案: introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossing.
- u7 I" `: z2 U  K2 X3 }) d5 V+ E　　第三题要求大家根据文章内容把句子写全. 本句实际上是对speeding下定义, 答案是exceeds the speed limit. 考生并不需要自己给一个定义, 文章在第二段三种超速驾驶中反复用到了这个表达. 这里需要注意的是: 动词exceed一定要用一般现在时来下定义, 由于主语是he, 所以要用exceeds.
" E7 Q7 \5 B5 y) Q5 I2 v& R　　第四题是问英国当局对限速的看法. 这里British authority指的是文章中的the Ministry of Transport, 答案在第三段: Speed limits reduce accidents. 或 The reduction of accidents. Accident reduction,等.
! c4 ]( M% s" J: E! i　　第五题问美国人认为交通事故减少的原因是什么. 答案在最后一段， 许多考生的回答是：
  G' y8 Q5 \, R　　Due to the increase in traffic density.
: ^* b" V4 B) g4 b* }/ |" j0 X　　Because of the increase of traffic density.
& {7 V: k2 r6 y" m　　The reason is the increase of traffic density.
　　The increase of traffic density is regarded as the reason.
　　这些答案都是对的, 但都嫌罗嗦, 简答题要求回答简练, 最好的回答是: the increase in traffic density。
　　二、练　习
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