看搭配。# e0 I% O4 F7 l+ U8 u1 F* L
任何一种语言,在长期使用的过程中,会形成一种固定的词组或常见的搭配。这些比较固定的说法,有时可以译成另一种语言,有时则不行。翻译时,必须注意英汉两种语言中词的不同搭配。5 a6 ^- x$ J7 s1 V" Q$ n' }2 d, b( j" m
以kill为例:6 C0 |$ P. T) K# {: B
1).He killed the man. 他杀死了那个人。- B8 q/ x4 e; b, S! h6 ]% G+ `
2).He killed his chances of success. 他断送了成功的机会。1 P5 a' v7 B; J
3).He killed the motion when it came from the committee. 他否决了委员会提出来的动议。- }! B, A* N4 A2 d) c7 J
4).He killed three bottles of whisky in a week. 他一周内喝光了三瓶威士忌。0 o5 u6 c. x& B3 o& ~( F& F: P' P
5). kill the peace 扼杀和平
/ X9 L) O2 J5 a5 f( |& M6 t 6).kill the promise 取消诺言( z& s! f% A( A$ n+ G- Z: B6 z
7). kill a marriage 解除婚约
3 ?+ [9 X j; {+ d! d1 @4 w5 b 还要注意英汉定语与名词的搭配不同:
8 W% x" [& ~$ Z- [3 d) X" r& L heavy crops 丰收# E) K D* A# @4 y- R2 w
heavy news 令人悲痛的消息+ P$ a5 }7 [/ Y/ G0 J6 o- t+ U
heavy road 泥泞的路 heavy sea 波涛汹涌的海洋( |- K! U4 u( f" f
heavy heart 忧伤的心 heavy reader 沉闷冗长的读物
, u3 K. w/ c1 |: D/ } 又如:5 |0 w, A( r) a$ B; ~
a broken man 一个绝望的人 a broken soldier 一个残废军人
+ F" M3 D* ^) M a broken promise 背弃的诺言 a broken spirit 消沉的意志
) p/ \! D1 f* \* u- K& R broken money 零钱, ~$ p* ^4 B9 l% ]& b3 a- b# q
2009四级翻译密卷及流行词汇; R6 ^3 G- G6 B% J
给自己下目标,一次通过!这是证明你能力的很好的东西。静下心来背吧!并记在心里。加油,你一定行! T; s& a! n# R; A1 ^/ H4 e3 N
《2009英语翻译密卷》! @& w2 h1 }/ |0 `! N2 `1 w1 t$ {
Test 1.+ L) [1 D7 r2 C5 I7 @9 M
1.I have had great deal of trouble______________________________.(跟得上班上的其他同学)
5 t$ [, Y) L& ]) c8 N 2.I don’t mind your_____________(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late.
% e2 h X, X; u& O. [ 3.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children.+ ? {+ W i+ G3 X5 m! ]* m( e7 U
4.Mark often____________________________(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
$ ~! z2 H4 x: } 5.When I __________________(发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.
& T: N) k9 Z: V- |8 j 答案及解析:) }. ~ D& y& R5 `7 J
1.keeping up with the rest of the class., {! g! r3 M4 x
【超级句型】trouble可以用在句型"have trouble doing sth. " 做某事有困难"中,这时,trouble可以用difficulty来代替。
6 J) k9 W2 m L 【超级短语】keep up with意为“跟上……”,指并肩前进,并驾齐驱,不至落后、掉队。catch up with意为“赶上”,指从后边追上或改变落后状。;$ z+ c0 A) M* f; c+ E" ?) a
2.delaying making
) {7 W; p+ w+ q 【超级单词】mind作及物动词,后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。
* b; K% y: z& T( f" Z! n5 V Delay后接动词时,应该接动词的ing形式。9 R/ b2 u, v- d9 u/ ]9 g
3.play indispensable roles8 F) ?* g0 \- h
【超级短语】play a part/role in起着……作用,饰演……的角色。
2 S K: _( _. l9 b 4.attampts to escape being fined: w, _: [! y3 f: U8 X
【超级单词】escape后面要接动名词形式。常与介词from搭配,如He has escaped from the fire.# i6 t, A- ~9 C" `
5.caught /found him cheating me
. Z" d9 s) @. i% s; g 【超级句型】find/catch+宾语+宾补,如I found him standing by the river. |