看搭配。
7 U7 [, a6 z) l. H 任何一种语言,在长期使用的过程中,会形成一种固定的词组或常见的搭配。这些比较固定的说法,有时可以译成另一种语言,有时则不行。翻译时,必须注意英汉两种语言中词的不同搭配。" Y. H4 X4 Y: ^! I! C
以kill为例:
+ ` E8 r- _/ |1 O4 {1 @ 1).He killed the man. 他杀死了那个人。
* A- w- r! l# l$ a4 { 2).He killed his chances of success. 他断送了成功的机会。4 `+ h' N6 c% M' P: f/ m
3).He killed the motion when it came from the committee. 他否决了委员会提出来的动议。/ Q' B: u% D, a. W3 C
4).He killed three bottles of whisky in a week. 他一周内喝光了三瓶威士忌。* I$ p* M; b9 H( p$ @2 A% K% {
5). kill the peace 扼杀和平
3 n/ R/ Q7 i0 R5 Q5 M- x' h 6).kill the promise 取消诺言' ^" ~( m3 j6 ~; Q- r1 O
7). kill a marriage 解除婚约& `! L7 `) [/ y! v& \
还要注意英汉定语与名词的搭配不同:
$ A# |/ Q, z* t- W$ } heavy crops 丰收
8 M4 n/ [8 j4 H- L! |+ w heavy news 令人悲痛的消息2 r* f; q2 G& V1 M$ u) y- }
heavy road 泥泞的路 heavy sea 波涛汹涌的海洋
' K- V" u! [8 E/ C heavy heart 忧伤的心 heavy reader 沉闷冗长的读物
6 A3 k+ @" K9 W* q 又如:% e* h8 e" k7 l4 E+ C
a broken man 一个绝望的人 a broken soldier 一个残废军人
# X# `5 y6 Y. b, D' M! i a broken promise 背弃的诺言 a broken spirit 消沉的意志
& ~1 v5 ]3 Z1 A# M( d: m broken money 零钱
" @6 a4 o& X8 j* {+ d3 M6 d1 N/ V( h4 N 2009四级翻译密卷及流行词汇 r; K, A t: F. `
给自己下目标,一次通过!这是证明你能力的很好的东西。静下心来背吧!并记在心里。加油,你一定行!
1 y4 s3 n- r& i5 f r 《2009英语翻译密卷》
7 g1 u3 o, @: s1 j' J- S5 {- s Test 1.
' y: J5 w, Q' S& }( Z' r 1.I have had great deal of trouble______________________________.(跟得上班上的其他同学). G/ w: {$ `4 U/ J
2.I don’t mind your_____________(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late.5 V: z5 f8 H9 p% W+ E+ r3 @! `- M
3.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children.+ }# ?2 W% s' M& ]
4.Mark often____________________________(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
+ J) i0 R* n7 L# F) `8 g, H 5.When I __________________(发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop.- z+ x5 Y; [8 H( d
答案及解析:! ?8 l/ O; n- Z* X( |% f
1.keeping up with the rest of the class.
0 x3 I4 P$ O* x+ V f4 F& @ 【超级句型】trouble可以用在句型"have trouble doing sth. " 做某事有困难"中,这时,trouble可以用difficulty来代替。
0 l' w7 {3 a F5 F+ s" C' T4 Q' D 【超级短语】keep up with意为“跟上……”,指并肩前进,并驾齐驱,不至落后、掉队。catch up with意为“赶上”,指从后边追上或改变落后状。;$ s: X) e1 B: @8 g2 o
2.delaying making0 t5 T. G# e% K% j
【超级单词】mind作及物动词,后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。" W: s! Y; L2 b! A
Delay后接动词时,应该接动词的ing形式。4 ]# [# t, r" g' w& x* z
3.play indispensable roles* P4 x4 }9 [, H, a+ Y* K
【超级短语】play a part/role in起着……作用,饰演……的角色。
2 ^- f/ }/ U( } 4.attampts to escape being fined
/ U3 O6 [" d% J- a- M4 \ Z5 _ 【超级单词】escape后面要接动名词形式。常与介词from搭配,如He has escaped from the fire.
( V7 P! C. x3 w$ w' J7 G& f 5.caught /found him cheating me2 d. j7 p0 A7 @- L# m9 o
【超级句型】find/catch+宾语+宾补,如I found him standing by the river. |