大学英语四级模拟试题（2）

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:33

Part 1I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)  (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
  For questions 1 - 7, mark
  Y (for YES)             if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
  N (for NO)             if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
  NG (for NOT GIVEN)    if the information is not given in the passage.
  For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Sleep
   Sleep is one of those funny things about being a human being --- you just have to do it. Have you ever wondered why? And what about the crazy dreams, like the one where a bad person is chasing you and you can’t run or yell. Does that make any sense?
Characteristics of Sleep
   When we see someone sleeping, we recognize the following characteristics:
   If possible, the person will lie down to go to sleep.
   The person’s eyes are closed.
   The person doesn’t hear anything unless it is a loud noise.
   The person breathes in a slow, rhythmic pattern.
   The person’s muscles are completely relaxed. If sitting up, the person may fall out of his or her chair as sleep deepens.
   During sleep, the person occasionally rolls over or rearranges his or her body. This happens approximately once or twice an hour. This may be the body’s way of making sure that no part of the body or skin has its circulation cut off for too long a period of time.
   In addition to these outward signs, the heart slows down and the brain does some pretty funky things.
   In other words, a sleeping person is unconscious to most things happening in the environment. The biggest difference between someone who is asleep and someone who has fainted or gone into a coma is the fact that a sleeping person can be aroused if the stimulus presented by  is strong enough. If you shake the person, yell loudly or flash a bright light, a sleeping person will wake up.
Who Sleeps?
   Reptiles(爬行动物), birds and mammals all sleep. That is, they become unconscious to their surroundings for periods of time. Some fish and amphibians (两栖动物) reduce their awareness but do not ever become unconscious like the higher vertebrates(脊椎动物) do. Insects do not appear to sleep, although they may become inactive in daylight or darkness.
   By studying brainwaves, it is known that reptiles do not dream. Birds dream a little. Mammals all dream during sleep.
   Different animals sleep in different ways. Some animals, like humans, prefer to sleep in one long session. Other animals like to sleep in many short bursts. Some sleep at night, while others sleep during the day.
Sleep and the Brain
   If you attach an electroencephalograph to a person’s head, you can record the person’s brainwave activity. An awake and relaxed person generates alpha waves, which are consistent oscillations at about 10 cycles per second. An alert person generates beta waves, which are about twice as fast.
   During sleep, two slower patterns called theta waves and delta waves take over. Theta waves have oscillations in the range of 3.5 to 7 cycles per second, and delta waves have oscillations of less than 3.5 cycles per second. As a person falls asleep and sleep deepens, the brainwave patterns slow down. A person deep in delta wave sleep is hardest to wake up.
REM Sleep
   At several points during the night, something unexpected happens -- rapid eye movement (REM) sleep occurs. Most people experience three to five intervals of REM sleep per night, and brainwaves during this period speed up to awake levels. If you ever watch a person or a dog experiencing REM sleep, you will see their eyes flickering back and forth rapidly. In many dogs and some people, arms, legs and facial muscles will twitch during REM sleep. Periods of sleep other than REM sleep are known as NREM (non-REM) sleep.
   REM sleep is when you dream. If you wake up a person during REM sleep, the person can vividly recall dreams. If you wake up a person during NREM sleep, generally the person will not be dreaming.
   You must have both REM and NREM sleep to get a good night’s sleep. A normal person will spend about 25 percent of the night in REM sleep, and the rest in NREM. A REM session a dream -- lasts five to 30 minutes.
When You Miss Some Zzzzs…
   One way to understand why we sleep is to look at what happens when we don’t get enough:    As you know if you have ever pulled an all-nighter, missing one night of sleep is not fatal. A person will generally be irritable during the next day and will either slow down (become tired easily) or will be totally wired because of adrenalin (肾上腺素).
   If a person misses two nights of sleep, it gets worse. Concentration is difficult, and attention span falls by the wayside. Mistakes increase.
   After three days, a person will start to hallucinate and clear thinking is impossible. With continued wakefulness a person can lose grasp of reality. Rats forced to stay awake continuously will eventually die, proving that sleep is essential.
   A person who gets just a few hours of sleep per night can experience many of the same problems over time.
   Two other things are known to happen during sleep. Growth hormone in children is secreted during sleep, and chemicals important to the immune system are secreted during sleep. You can become more prone to disease if you don’t get enough sleep, and a child’s growth can be stunted(阻碍) by sleep deprivation.
Why Sleep?
   No one really knows why we sleep. But, there are all kinds of theories, including these:    Sleep gives the body a chance to repair muscles and other tissues, replace aging or dead cells, etc.
   Sleep gives the brain a chance to organize and archive memories. Dreams are thought by some to be part of this process.
   Sleep lowers our energy consumption, so we need three meals a day rather than four or five. Since we can’t do anything in the dark anyway, we might as well "turn off" and save the energy.
   What we all know is that, with a good night’s sleep, everything looks and feels better in the morning. Both the brain and the body are refreshed and ready for a new day.
Dreams
   The brain creates dreams through random electrical activity. Random is the key word here. About every 90 minutes the brain stem sends electrical impulses throughout the brain, in no particular order or fashion. The analytic portion of the brain -- the forebrain----then desperately tries to make sense of these signals. It is like looking at a Rorschach test, a random splash of ink on paper. The only way of comprehending it is by viewing the dream (or the inkblot) metaphorically, symbolically, since there’s no literal message.
   This doesn’t mean that dreams are meaningless or should be ignored. How our forebrains choose to "analyze" the random and discontinuous images may tell us something about ourselves, just as what we see in an inkblot can be revelatory. And perhaps there is a purpose to the craziness: Our minds may be working on deep-seated problems through these circuitous and less threatening metaphorical dreams.
   Here are some other things you may have noticed about your dreams:
   Dreams tell a story. They are like a TV show, with scenes, characters and props.
   Dreams are egocentric. They almost always involve you.
   Dreams incorporate things that have happened to you recently. They can also incorporate
deep wishes and fears.
   A noise in the environment is often worked in to a dream in some way, giving some credibility to the idea that dreams are simply the brain’s response to random impulses.
   You usually cannot control a dream -- in fact, many dreams emphasize your lack of control by making it impossible to run or yell.
   Dreaming is important. In sleep experiments where a person is woken up every time he/she enters REM sleep, the person becomes increasingly impatient and uncomfortable over time.
How Much Sleep Do I Need?
   Most adult people seem to need seven to nine hours of sleep a night. This is an average, and it is also subjective. You, for example, probably know how much sleep you need in an average night to feel your best.
   The amount of sleep you need decreases with age. A newborn baby might sleep 20 hours a day. By age four, the average is 12 hours a day. By age 10, the average falls to 10 hours a day. Senior citizens can often get by with six or seven hours a day.
1. This passage tells us why people have to sleep and what causes dreams.
2. During sleep, the person is conscious to most things happening in the environment.
3. Neither reptiles nor birds dream during sleep.
4. A normal person spends the main part of the night in NREM sleep.
5. If you miss one night of sleep, you will lose your appetite to some extent.
6. Nobody really knows the reason why we sleep.
7. Generally speaking, you need less amount of sleep as you grow older.
8. The slower                , the deeper the sleep.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:34

9. REM in this passage stands for ________________________.
10. The brain stem sends electrical impulses throughout the brain about every ________________
Part IV  Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.  You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.  You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Growing up as an Asian in Britain is much more than a question of facing discrimination and trying to find a decent job -- especially for a girl. She has to keep a delicate 47 between two cultures: her own and the British.
   Seetha Crishna has written a booklet called Girls of Asian Origin in Britain. In it the girls she is most concerned with are those who are 48 different because they have gone through the British educational system and have therefore emerged with an 49    which is distinct from that of their parents.
   They speak English with regional English accents, they look 50 in Western clothes, and they so not necessarily choose to work in a factory. But they are unmistakably Asian and they are still held by their Asian 51 roots. At home, Asian girl may find herself conforming
to the traditions and values of her parents, while at school she tends to 52 the attitudes and appetites of her British contemporaries.
   As a result, Seetha Crishna found girls existing at two levels -- and inclined to 53    both. "But unless they can successfully accept both, they will 54 constantly from one level to the other, feeling trapped between the two – at 55 cost to their own confidence and happiness."
   For teenage girls, the main 56    is to match the social life which their parents expect
them to live with that enjoyed by their schoolmates.
A cultural
F definitely
K balance
B issue
G swing
L considerable
C question
H unfit
M scarcely
D difficult
I identity
N develop
E refuse
J low
O comfortable

Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passages.
   I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of. These statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.
   Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things--and a growing perception that the world is a mole dangerous place.
   Given that we can’t tarn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.
   At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.
   To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.
   Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.
   Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.
   Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model, for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.
57. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people’s state of mind am
  A) surprising B) confusing C) illogical D) questionable
58. What does the author mean when he says, "we can’t turn the clock back" (Line 1, Para. 3)?
  A) It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.
  B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.
  C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:35

D) It’s impossible to forget the past. 59. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill  50 years ago          .
  A) were less isolated physically
  B) were probably less self-centered
  C) probably suffered less from anxiety
  D) were considered less individualistic
60. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is          .
  A) to provide them with a safer environment
  B) to lower their expectations for them
  C) to get them more involved socially
  D) to set a good model for them to follow
61. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
  A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.
  B) Children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.
  C) Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.
  D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.

Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passages.
   When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.
   But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance bas given way to a stoneware-(粗陶) and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.
   Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs---one---fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (~) region~ Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
   Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company "has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend" toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television; Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a "real" dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?
   Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节).that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents ("Chew with your mouth closed." "Keep your elbows off the table.") must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless (愚笨的，无能的) socially.
62. The trend toward casual dining has resulted in _________________.
A) bankruptcy of fane china manufacturers
B) shrinking of the pottery industry
C) restructuring of large enterprises
D) economic recession in Great Britain
63. Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?
A) Family members need more time to relax.
B) Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.
C) People want to practice economy in times of scarcity.
  D) Young people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation.
64. It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is __________.
  A) a retailer of stainless steel tableware
  B) a dealer in stoneware
  C) a pottery chain store
  D) a producer of fine china
65. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is ______________.
  A) the increased value of the pound
  B) the economic recession in Asia
  C) the change in people’s way of life
  D) the fierce competition at home and abroad
66. Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life _________.
  A) are still a must on certain occasions
  B) are bound to return sooner or later
  C) axe still being taught by parents at home
  D) call help improve personal relationships

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:36

Part V    Cloze    (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [Gl and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Have you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people 67  a desire to predict  their future 68 . People seem inclined to 69 this task using causal reasoning. First, we generally 70 that future circumstances are 71 caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will 72 how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy 73 with a shark.
   Second, people also learn that such 74 of cause and effect are probabilistic in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are 75 , but not always. 76 , students learn that studying hard produces good grades 77 most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more clear and 78 techniques for dealing with them more 79 than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to 80 between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we don’t understand why, we are willing to act on the basis of a demonstrated 81 ability.
   Whatever the primitive drives that 82 human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to predict future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in the 83 of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns 84 , you can predict better than if you simply observe those patterns. Thus, human inquiry’ aims 85 answering both "what" and "why" questions, and we 86 these goals by observing and figuring out.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
67.
A exhibit
B exploit
C release
D expose

68.
A occasions
B circumstances
C prospects
D occurrences

69.
A maintain
B undergo
C experience
D undertake

70.
A recall
B recommend
C reckon
D recognize

71.
A somehow
B somewhat
C anyhow
D whereas

72.
A effect
B affect
C relate
D decide

73.
A experience
B occurrence
C encounter
D sighting

74.
A patterns
B designs
C arrangements
D styles

75.
A scarce
B absent
C rare
D present

76.
A Thus
B Yet
C However
D Therefore

77.
A on
B in
C at
D with

78. A prevents
B produces
C provides
D predicts

79.
A dominantly
B increasingly
C heavily
D seriously

80.
A distinguish
B determine
C identify
D distract

81.
A precautious
B predictive
C assumptive
D watchful

82. A provoke
B discourage
C motivate
D annoy

83.
A content
B contact
C contest
D context

84.
A happen
B occur
C occupy
D vanish

85. A at
B on
C to
D beyond

86.
A search
B pursue
C chase
D follow

Part VI Translation
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分
87. By the time you get to New York，I______________________________ (该已经动身往伦敦去了)．
88. Some children have trouble                      (把事实和想像区分开来)and may believe that such things actually exist．
89. There was a big hole in the road which _________________________________ (耽搁了路上交通)．
90. None Of us__________________________________(预料到他会出现)  at the party．  We thought he was still in hospital.
91. The boy spent________________________(同样的时间) watching TV as he did studying.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:37

参考答案：
Part II  Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1． Y    通过浏览全文，我们可以对文章内容有个整体的把握。本题是说文中提到了人们需要睡眠以及导致做梦的原因。纵览各个小标题，可以看到有这么两个：Why Sleep?(为何睡眠)和Dreams(梦)，通过阅读段首句No one really knows why we sleep和The brain creates dreams through random electrical activity我们就可以了解到两段的主要内容，由此可判断本题属于文章提到的内容。
2． N    本句讲的是正在做梦的人对于周围发生的大多数事情都是有意识的(conscious)。在小标题Characteristics of Sleep的下面，我们可以看到这么一句话：In other words，a sleeping person is unconscious to most things happening in the environment。unconscious与题干中的conscious正好相反，由此可知本句不符原文。
3． N    本题讲的是爬行动物和鸟类在睡眠中都不做梦，显然涉及的是做梦的主体。首先我们查找含有reptiles and birds的部分，在Who Sleeps?小标题下面可以看到Reptiles，birds and mammals all sleep，但是下段话中紧接着说了…it is known that reptiles do not dream．Birds dream a little，题干内容正与此相悖，故本句与原文中的内容不相符合。
4． Y    本题与小标题REM Sleep有关，讲的是正常人晚上睡眠的大部分时间都处于非快速眼动期。首先我们看一下NREM sleep的定义：Periods Of sleep other than REM sleep are known as NREM(non—REM)sleep。本部分第三段中提到A normal person will spend about 25 percent of the night in REM sleep，and the rest in NREM，即正常人5％的睡眠时间都属于NREM，故题干内容与文章相符。
5． NG    题干中说，如果你一整夜不睡的话会在一定程度上减少食欲。由此锁定查找内容在When You Miss Some Zzzzs…部分。该部分中提到…missing one night of sleep is not fatal．A person will generally be irritable…and will either slow down (become tired easily)or will be totally wired…+却没有提到与食欲有关的信息，故本句属于原文中没有提到的内容。
6． Y    题干说没人知道我们为何睡眠。故锁定小标题Why Sleep?并浏览其下面的内容，第一句No one really knows why we sleep即是对题目的同义转述，故题目与原文相符。
7．Y    本题涉及amount of sleep (睡眠的量)的问题，由此我们可以将查找内容定位在小标题How Much Sleep Do I Need？下的部分。由The amount of sleep you need decreases with age 可知，随着年龄的增长，我们需要的睡眠逐渐减少，故题目与原文相符。
8． the brainwave patterns    题目的关键词为slower和deeper，睡眠越深，什么会越慢呢?定位在小标题S1eep and the Brain下，倒数第二句提到：As a person falls asleep and sleep deepens，the  brainwave patterns slow down，可知此处应填the brainwave patterns。
9． rapid eye movement    由关键词REM和stands of(代表)，可知题于是问REM代表什么。将目光锁定在小标题REM Sleep下，可知此处应填rapid eye movement。
10. 90 minutes    根据题干中的…sends electrical impulses…about every可推测本题需填数字表频率，迅速将查找内容定位在About every 90 minutes the brain stem sends electrical impulses throughout the brain, in no particular order or fashion处。答案显而易见。题目的顺序一般与对应内容在原文中的顺序是一致的。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
47.K    根据句子结构，空格处应该填入名词，并可以用delicate来修饰。Between表示该词为两者间的一种状态，两者是指Asian cultures和British culture，两种文化间的关系应该是“平衡的”，因此只能选balance, keep balance表示“保持平衡”。
48.F    根据句子结构，空格处应填入副词用来修饰different，选项里只能从definitely和scarcely中做出选择，前者表示肯定意义，后者表示否定意义。该句中because引导原因状语从句，“gone through the British educational system”和“distinct from that of their parents”说明这些女孩子应该是不同于其他女孩子的，因此应选definitely。而scarcely表示“几乎不，简直没有”，不符合题意，故排除。
49. I    空格前的不定冠词an表明所填写的词语应为名词，其后的which引导的定语从句用来修饰该词，只有identity才能是“is distinct from that of their parents”,而且谓语emerged with可以与identity形成合理的动宾搭配，前半句中的different也与identity形成对应关系。
50. O    look 为感官动词，气候通常接形容词，故空格处应填入形容词。词句中三个句子为并列句，并由and链接，故意义上应保持一致。前一句说道“她们说带有地方口音的英语”，后半句说“她们没有必要在工厂里工作”，说明他们表现出英国文化的一面，因此该句中“in western clothes”与“look”之间的关系应该是协调的，舒适的，只有comfortable符合题意。
51. A    根据句子结构，空格处应该填入形容词用来修饰roots，句首的but充分表明该句所表达的意思与上举构成转折关系。该句中and连接两个并列的句子，“they are unmistakably Asian”说明她们很显然是亚洲人，所以只能填入culture，Asian cultural roots表示“亚洲文化根源”，该并列据的意义正好与上一句相反。
52. N    根据tend to do sth.可知空格处应填入动词，while连接两个句子，表现前后两句话是转折关系，前半句说“在家里，亚洲女孩子可能会发现自己遵循着父母的传统和价值观”，后半句的“at school”的情况应该与前面正好相反，因此所填入的动词与“the attitudes and appetites of her British contemporaries”的关系应该是积极的，发展的，只有develop符合题意。
53. C    根据inclined to do sth.句型中可知空格处应填入动词，后句中but表示句意的转折，所填词语与successfully accept意义相反，因此选question。而issue表示“争论，议题，”不符合题意，故排除。
54. G    根据句子结构，空格处缺少谓语，应填入动词，其后的结构from one… to the other表示该动词与活动的范围有关，选项中只有动词swing符合题意，表示“摆动，从…转向…”。
55. L    at…cost 表示“以…为代价”，cost前多用表示程度的形容词来修饰，选项中只有considerable符合题意。
Passage One
56. D    根据句子结构，所填词为名词做句子的主语，而且可用main来修饰。该句中不定式作句子的表语，说明“过父母所期望的社交生活”与“享受同学间的乐趣”相协调，由上句话中的“at considerable cost”可知这种关系应该是不好处理的，要付出相当大的代价，因此，这应该是这些女孩子们要面临的主要困难和难题，difficulty符合题意。
57. D    解题依据是文章第一行和第二行内容，关键是skeptical (对……抱有怀疑)。A项表示“令人吃惊的”，B项表示“令人困惑的”，C项表示“不合逻辑的”。
58. B    干扰项主要为A、B两项。A过于绝对。文章第1、2小节谈到当今的美国孩子面临的压力特别大，情况比50年前要严重得多。依据第3小节后半句“但我们成年人仍然能做许多事帮助下一代应对困境”。B项“孩子们面临的社会现象(指压力大)无法改盘”代入原句应该是合理的意思。所以该题答案应为B项。c项说“从过去汲取的教训不应被忘却”，D项说“忘记过去足不可能的”。
59. C    第一段最后一句话“实际上，有分析表明，现在9到11岁的正常孩子表现出的焦虑程度比50年前接受精神治疗的孩子还要高”。C项“(与今天正常的孩子相比，五十年前被当作患精神疾病来对待的孩子们)也许有更少的忧虑”恰好是将原文倒过来表述。
60. C    文章第四段说“首先要培养孩子们更好地领会个人主义的局限性．任何一个孩子都不是一座与世隔绝的孤岛。加强社会联系能帮助他们更多地参与社交活动，使他们免受压力的困扰。”选项c“让孩子们更多地参与社会”与其含义重合，为正确答案。
61. A    文章最后两句“有时候焦虑是不可避免的，但它还不至于会毁了你的生活”，与选项A“焦虑，尽管不可避免，也是可以应付的”含义吻合。B项：孩子们的焦虑被极大地夸大了”不符合文章意思。C项“如果有更多父母关爱，孩子们的焦虑可以被消除”，无法从正文中推出。D项“焦虑，、如恰当控制，可以帮助孩子们变得成熟”文章也没有谈及。
62. B    根据第二段最后一句“For makers of fine china in Britain，It spells economic hard times．(对英国的精瓷器制造商来说意味着经济困难时期的到来。)”和第三段中提到的裁员问题，可以断定选项B“陶瓷工业的萎缩”是正确答案。A、C、D项都无法从文章中推知。
63. C    第五段开头部分说“现在即便是有宴会也变得不那么正式了。如今，人们工作时间长，家庭日程表安排得很紧凑，很自然，忙碌的主人会让客人们一起吃用纸盘装的外卖比萨饼，而不是等待一个绝佳机会或举办一个‘真正’的宴会”。据此，C项“繁忙的日程安排使得人们没有时间顾及礼仪”为最佳理由。A“家庭成员需要更多时间消遣” 无法从文中推知。c项“人们在匮乏时代想厉行节俭”和D项“年轻人不愿遵循老一代人的礼节”都不符合文章内容。
64. D    该题要求判断Royal Doulton是一个什么样的机构。解题依据主要体现在第三段。该段大意为：“上星期，Royal Doulton，特伦河畔斯托克城的最大工厂，宣布将取消1,000个职位，约占整个工厂的职位总数的五分之一，从而使得陶瓷行业在18个月中总共损夫了超过4删个职位。Wedgwood和其他陶瓷厂先前也进行过裁员。”从中可以断定Royal Doulton是一瓷器制造商，D项正确。C项说“一家陶器连锁店”从文中看不出。
65. C    第四段第一句“英镑坚挺、亚洲市场低迷在一定程度带来了工厂裁员，但裁员的根本原因是由于社会发生了惊天动地的变化。”C项“人们生活方式的改变”是主要原因，A项“英镑日益升值”和B项“亚洲经济衰退”也是原因，但不是主要原因，而题目问的是main cause，C项最恰当。
66. A    解题依据在文章最后一段，尤其是最后一句话“有些公司现在正给那些工作能力强但对社交一无所知的员工开设礼节短期强化课”，说明优雅酌餐桌礼仪在某些场合还是必需的，因此A项正确。C项“仍然由家中父母传授”与最后一段捉供的信息相悖，B项“注定迟早要回归”和D项“能够帮助改善人际关系”文章都没有谈到。
Part V Cloze
67. A    本题要求填入句子的谓语，所填词语为“所有人”，宾语是“预测未来的欲望”，最合适的选项为A，exhibit“显示，展示出”。D expose“暴露”程度过重；B exploit“开发”；C release “释放”不合逻辑。
68.B    文章首句表明本文的主题是关于未来预测的，预测未来通常是为了知道自己的境遇，故B circumstance正确。Circumstance的附属用法circumstances可用于表示人在生活或社会活动中的境遇，环境，如People live in differenet social circumstances.(人们生活在不同的社会环境中)。第70题所在句的circumstances也提示答案为B。A occasions“时刻，时候；场合”；C prospects“前途，前景”，与future语义重复；D occurrences“发生的事情，事件”，与future不搭配。
69. D    四选项中能与task“工作，任务”搭配的只有D undertake“着手，承担”。A： maintain（维持，主张）；B undergo“经历，遭受”；C experience“体验，经历”。
70.C    由于宾语部分“未来境遇受现在的影响”是一种普遍接受的观点，因此选C reckon“认为，估计”。A  recall“回忆，回想”，B  recommend“推荐”与D  recognize “认出”不合文意。
71. A    所填词语修饰are caused，因此应选A  somehow“以某种方式”。B somewhat “在一定程度上，颇为”，后常接形容词或者副词；C  anyhow“无论如何”，过于绝对，在意义上不如somehow科学，在行文上也不如somehow通顺和贴切；所填词为副词，故可排除连词D whereas“然而”。
72.B    受教育情况影响收入，因此答案为B。
73.C    本句是作者为说明当前活动对未来的影响所举的例子，意为“游过了礁石可能带来面对鲨鱼的不幸”，最佳选项为C encounter“遭遇”。A experience“经历”过于笼统，不能像encounter一样表示出遇到不好的事情的含义，B occurrence“事件”和D sighting“看见”不与with搭配。
74. A    上文用“…的行为可导致…的结果”的模式举例说明当前活动对未来的影响，本句是对此方法的一种总体评价，因此将上述举例说明的方法归结为patterns of cause and effect“因果模式”。B  designs“计划，方案”，C arrangements“安排”和 D style“风格”不符合文意。
75.B    本句是对上句中probabilistic“基于可能性，随机的”的进一步诠释，此词虽属生词，但词根probab-已经显示了该词与“可能性”有关，联系上下文不难判断其含义。Than引导对比关系，其前为causes occur（作为原因的事件发生了），故其后就应该是causes are absent（作为原因的时间未发生）。A scarce 与C  rare均表示“稀少的，稀有的”；D present“现在的，现存的”，三者均无法与occur形成对比关系。
76. A    A Thus（这样）表示顺承关系，B（Yet），C（However）表示转折关系，D Therefore（因此）表示因果关系。这里只是举例说明第二个观点“这种因果的模式在本质上是随机的（不是确定的）”，因此并不需要转折连词，也不表示因果关系。
77. B    in … instance为固定搭配，意为“在…情况下”，如 In all such instance，let conscience be your guide.(在这种情况下，让良知做你的引导。)

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:38

78. C    provide sth. for doing sth. “为某事提供某物”。本句评价science的作用，说“科学能够_________处理上述概念的技术”，C provides “提供”最合乎文意。A  prevents与文意相反；B  produces和D predicts不能与techniques搭配。
79. D    所填词语与more构成比较级，修饰dealing with them，D seriously “认真的，严肃地”符合语义。A dominantly“占优势的，支配的”；B increasingly“愈加，日益”；C heavily“沉重地，严重地”。
80.A    distinguish between… and… 意为“区分… 与… ”。B determine“确定，决定”；C identify “识别，鉴别”；D distract“转移，分散”。
81．B    上文一直在说关于预测的话题，且下一段开始谈的是预测与个人行为的关系，本句作为该段末句实际上是承上启下的作用，说“人们原以能力作为行动的基础”，因此答案为predictive。
82. C    所填词语在本句中做primitive drives的谓语，由于本文并没有对预测未来持负面态度，因此排除B discourage“使气馁；阻碍”和D annoy“使苦恼，骚扰”。A  provoke用于provoke sb. 的结构时，意为“激怒，挑拨”，故本题只能选C  motivate“激发”作为答案。
83. D in the context of …为固定用法，意为“以…为背景”。本句意为“预测是以知识和理解为背景而进行的”。预测不仅是在知识和理解的content“内容”里进行的，故排除A content； B contact无法与understanding形成合理搭配，故排除；上下文均为提及“竞赛；争辩”，故排除C contest。
84. B    这里的patterns对应的是上下文提到的patterns of cause and effect，这里仍是在谈理解这种模式对于预测未来的帮助，因此答案为B occur “发生，出现”。A happen强调偶然性，且无“出现”之意。C occupy“占领，占用”和D vanish“消失，灭绝”不合文意。
85. A    aim at sth./doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“以…为目标，瞄准…”。
86. B    所填动词的宾语为goals，因此本题答案应为B pursue。Pursue意为“追求，从事“。A  search “寻找”，C chase “追赶”及D follow“跟随”均无法与goals搭配。
Part VI  Translation
87．Would have left for London：本题考查的是时态和动词固定短语“动身前往……”的用法。注意此处by the time后面应该用将来完成时态。
88．separating the fact from the fiction：本题考查的是动词固定短语“have trouble doing”的用法，同时“区分A和B”可以用separate A from B来表达。
89．Held up the road traffic：本题考查的是动词固定短语“耽搁”的译法，注意时态。
90．Expected that he would turn up：本题考查的是动词固定短语“出现”的用法，注意时态。
91．As much time：本题考查的是句子结构“as．．．as．．．”的用法。

		自动登录	找回密码
密码			立即注册

[四级模拟] 大学英语四级模拟试题（2）