2011年6月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案10

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:33

Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: AidEducation in China. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:
　　1. 每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。
2. 支教活动的意义。
　　3. 我的看法。
　　提示:在实考试卷中，该试题在答题卡1上。
　　Aid--Education in China
　　Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
　　Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,mark
　　Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
　　N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
　　NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.
　　For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with information given in the passage.

　　Will We Run Out of Water?

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:34

Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.
　　Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea (咸海) in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for ) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.
　　Similar large--scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.
　　“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one--third of the world’s projected (预测的) 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.
　　WHERE WATER GOES
　　Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two--thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice caps （冰盖）. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).
　　Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖). And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic (水的) environment.”
　　CLOSE TO HOME
　　Water woes(灾难) may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层)，layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.) Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish(补充) it. In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.

　　Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫)，a microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea (腹泻) and vomiting.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:35

THE SOURCE
　　Where so contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw (未经处理的) sewage(污水) into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne (饮水传染的) diseases.
　　In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products.Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (多氯化联二苯)，or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)
　　But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners (稀释剂) down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.
　　Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen--rich fertilizer that helps plants grow but that can wreak havoc (大破坏) on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “overenrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.
　　WHAT’S THE SOLUTION?
　　Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water--related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small--scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.
　　“More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”
　　提示:在实考试卷中，8-10题在答题卡1上。
　　1. That the huge water projects have diverted the rivers causes the Aral Sea to shrink.
　　2. The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects does more good than harm.
　　3. The chief causes of water shortage are population growth and water pollution.
　　4. The problems Americans face concerning water are ground water shrinkage and tap water pollution.
　　5. According to the passage all water pollutants come from household waste.
　　6. The people living in the United States will not be faced with water shortages.
　　7. Water expert Gleick has come up with the best solution to water—related problems.
　　8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.
　　9. Twothirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in .
　　10. In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid .

　　Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension（35 minutes）

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:36

Section A
　　Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　11. A) Talk to his sister.
　　B) Look at a map.
　　C) Go on a diet.
　　D) Tell the man why.
　　12. A) Do whatever has been planned.
　　B) Have a picnic and go camping.
　　C) Eat out and see a play.
　　D) Go to the beach.
　　13. A) The weather was better.
　　B) The weather was a little bit warmer.
　　C) The weather was a little bit colder.
　　D) The weather was cooler than expected.
　　14. A) Mr. Steward is honest.
　　B) Mr. Steward looks honest.
　　C) Mr. Steward looks dishonest.
　　D) Mr. Steward is dishonest.
　　15. A) He did quite well with it.
　　B) He has money problem now.
　　C) He is in need of qualified staff.
　　D) He could not carry it on any more.
　　16. A) ＄2.00. B) ＄6.00. C) ＄4.00. D) ＄5.00.
　　17. A) They will spend the summer in Italy.
　　B) They are both from Europe.
　　C) They are both students.
　　D) They are both interested in art.
　　18. A) Not getting what she wants.
　　B) A custom that is new to her.
　　C) Calling up customers.
　　D) Some of her good friends.
　　Question 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　19. A) A more economical diesel fuel.
　　B) Characteristics of a new type of fuel.
　　C) Where a new energy source is located.
　　D) How to develop alternative energy sources.
　　20. A) He’s studying for a test.
　　B) He lost his notes.
　　C) He missed the class.
　　D) He’s doing research on alternative.
　　21. A) It will reduce the amount of pollutants in the air.
　　B) It will increase the amount of unpleasant odors from vehicles.
　　C) It will eventually destroy the ozone layer.

　　D) It will reduce the cost of running large vehicles.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:37

22. A) To help him explain the information to his roommate.
　　B) To help him write a paper.
　　C) To prepare for a test.
　　D) To tell her if the notes are accurate.
　　Question 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　23. A) The woman has passed her final exams.
　　B) The woman wants to know how to write term papers.
　　C) The woman is going to visit Gettysburg.
　　D) The man introduces his experiences in Gettysburg.
　　24. A) Because her parents like traveling.
　　B) Because her parents like history.
　　C) Because traveling in such places costs less.
　　D) Because her parents want to reinforce the stuff they learned in school about history.
　　25. A) It is far away from the city she lives in.
　　B) It is a place where many great people were born.
　　C) It has a certain political influences in the United States right after the battle at Gettysburg.
　　D) It is worth reading history about Gettysburg.
　　Section B
　　Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　26. A) A plate. B) A pear. C) A ball. D) An egg.
　　27. A) How most mathematicians work.
　　B) Accidental discovery about the earth’s shape.
　　C) How to track an orbit.
　　D) How astronauts use computers to measure the size of satellite.
　　28. A) To prove the earth was round.
　　B) To gather information for planning space flights.
　　C) Because all spacecraft had to carry computers.

　　D) Because it can measure the size of the satellite.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:38

Passage Two
　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　29. A) About 30,000.
　　B) Around 300,000.
　　C) Over 300,000.
　　D) More than 330,000.
　　30. A) He had promised to do so.
　　B) He had this kind of training before.
　　C) He didn’t want to make the crowd disappointed.
　　D) He needed the great amount of money.
　　31. A) Three times.
　　B) Four times.
　　C) Six times.
　　D) Seven times.
　　Passage Three
　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　32. A) One in a billion digits.
　　B) Zero.
　　C) One mistake per two hundred digits.
　　D) One in a million digits.
　　33. A) It is the nerve cells of a computer.
　　B) It is the brain of a computer.
　　C) It is the eye of a computer.
　　D) It is the heart of a computer.
　　34. A) One second.
　　B) Two years.
　　C) One minute.
　　D) A day.
　　35. A) Human beings make fewer errors.
　　B) Human beings do not have to be programmed.
　　C) Human beings work more quickly.
　　D) Human beings have to be programmed.
　　Section C
　　Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.
　　提示:在实考试卷中，该试题在答题卡2上。
　　If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a (36) , they will cause a (37) . According to several leading (38) psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which ambitious parents make. Generally, the child will be only too (39) of what the parent expects, and will fail. Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great (40) to children. However, if parents are not too (41) about what they expect their children to do, but are ambitious in a sensible way, the child may (42) in doing very well—especially if the parents are very (43) of their child.
　　Michael Li is very lucky. (44) .
　　Although Michael’s mother knows very little about music, Michael’s father plays the trumpet in a large orchestra. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
　　Michael’s friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky.(45) .

　　They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him in every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win.“(46) ”. Winston’s father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:39

Part ⅣReading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）
　　Section A
　　Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　If our society ever needed a reading renaissance（复兴）, it’s now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading47 have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have48 ,” laments a director of research and analysis. He49 the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.
　　“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games
　　50 problem—solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by
　　51 viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can’t be gained from these other sources, from52 vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they’re not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that’s a huge problem.”
　　In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data53 last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic’s long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun
　　54 from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the
　　55 of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.
　　This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation’s youth have56 constant over the past two decades (with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds). But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.
　　Section B
　　Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D) .You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
　　There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.
　　“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.
　　There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.
　　Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.
　　There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.
　　57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns .
　　A） informs job hunters of the opportunities available
　　B） promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment
　　C） divides available jobs into various types
　　D） informs employers of the people available for work
　　58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because .
　　A） there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people
　　B） there are so many toplevel jobs available
　　C） there are so many people out of work
　　D） the job history is considered to be a work of art
　　59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would .
　　A) write an initial letter giving their life history
　　B) pass some exams before applying for a job
　　C) have no qualifications other than being able to read and write
　　D) keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview
　　60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter .
　　A) something that would distinguish one from other applicants
　　B) hinted information about the personality of the applicant
　　C) one’s advantages over others in applying for the job

　　D) an occasional trick with the aggressive approach

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:40

61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because .
　　A) there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised
　　B) there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees
　　C) jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays
　　D) the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated
　　Passage Two
　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
　　In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.
　　Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.
　　Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.
　　Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.
　　62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .
　　A) cause a shortage of apartments
　　B) worry those who rent apartments as homes
　　C) increase the profits of landlords
　　D) encourage landlords to invest in building apartment
　　63. According to the critics, rent control .
　　A) will always benefit those who rent apartments
　　B) is unnecessary
　　C) will bring negative effects in the long run
　　D) is necessary under all circumstances
　　64. The problem of unemployment will arise .
　　A) if the minimum wage is set too highB) if the minimum wage is set too low
　　C) if the workers are unskilledD) if the maximum wage is set
　　65. The passage tells us .
　　A) the relationship between supply and demand
　　B) the possible results of government controls
　　C) the necessity of government control
　　D) the urgency of getting rid of government controls
　　66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
　　A) The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.
　　B) Minimum wage can not always protect employees.
　　C) Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.
　　D) Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.
　　Part ⅤCloze (15 minutes)
　　Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D) on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages67 using
　　foreign faculty(教师总称）68 teaching positions have
　　to be69 , of course. It can be said that the foreign
　　70 that makes the faculty member from abroad an
　　asset also71 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates72 in the laboratory as a
　　means of protection;73 , what he needs is to be fitted
　　74 a highly organized university system quite different
　　from75 at home. He is faced in his daily work
　　76 differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students77 a common ground in each other’s
　　cultures, some78 of what is already in the minds of
　　American students is79 for the foreign professor.
　　While helping him to80 himself to his new
　　environment, the university must also81 certain
　　67. A) with B) for
　　C) of D) at
　　68. A) in B) on
　　C) for D) within
　　69. A) thought B) measured
　　C) balanced D) considered
　　70. A) situation B) circumstances
　　C) background D) condition
　　71. A) carries B) create
　　C) emerges D) solves
　　72. A) himself B) oneself
　　C) him D) one
　　73. A) otherwise B) moreover
　　C) however D) whatever
　　74. A) into B) by
　　C) to D) with
　　75. A) those B) which
　　C) what D) that
　　76. A) toward B) with
　　C) toD) at
　　77. A) have B) possess

　　C) need D) lack

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:41

78. A) concept B) feeling
　　C) plan D) intelligence
　　79. A) ordered B) asked
　　C) put D) required
　　80. A) place B) adapt
　　C) put D) direct
　　81. A) remain B) keep
　　C) make D) cause
　　adjustments in order to82 full advantage of what the
　　newcomer can83 . It isn’t always known how to make
　　84 use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller
　　colleges. This is thought to be a85 where further
　　study is called86 . The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.
　　82. A) take B) make
　　C) do D) be
　　83. A) show B) afford
　　C) express D) offer
　　84. A) powerful B) creative
　　C) imaginary D) advanced
　　85. A) scope B) range
　　C) field D) district
　　86. A) on B) for
　　C) upon D) at
　　Part ⅥTranslation (5 minutes)
　　Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
　　提示:在实考试卷中，该试题在答题卡2上。
　　87. She (对我们的警告充耳不闻) and got lost.
　　88. That Canadian speaks Chinese (和他说英语一样流利).
　　89. (Tony 是否来) doesnt matter much. We can rely on ourselves.
　　90. On hearing the news, I （忍不住笑起来）and spread it among the class.
　　91. Not until Alice had a baby of her own （她才了解）how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own.

答案与解析
　　Part ⅠWritingAidEducation in China
　　Each year, college students, encouraged to aid students in the poverty—stricken areas, volunteer themselves in poor villages for a year and try to improve education in poor areas.
　　Aid—education has been beneficial in two aspects. On the one hand, college volunteers are really devoted to the cause. They have opened the eyes of students in underdeveloped regions to the outside world by bringing them new knowledge and thoughts. As a result, they are extremely well—received by the children there. On the other hand, college students have received a rigorous training by adapting to the harsh living conditions. They are enjoying the appreciation and no—distance friendship from the children. What’s more, they are greatly inspired by the moving and tireless spirit of the children.
　　In my opinion, China’s educational development can’t be isolated from each individual and we college students should take the lead in response to the appeal for offering aid to children in poor areas.
　　Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
　　1. Y. 该句句意为:巨大河流改道水利工程导致咸海缩小。解题依据为本文第二段倒数第二句话 As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size… (结果，咸海缩减至原来的一半…)，与原文之义吻合。
　　2. N. 该句句意为:巨坝和灌溉工程的建设好处多于坏处。解题依据为本文第三段第二句话But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. (虽然产生更多问题，许多国家仍继续建巨坝和灌溉工程。)由此可知，坏处多于好处，所以该题与原文之义不合。
　　3. Y. 该句句意为:缺水的主要原因是人口增长和水污染。本题解题依据可定位到本文第四段第一句话 Growing populations will worsen problems with water… 及第十一段第一句话But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. 两者都是水资源缺乏的原因，与原文之义相符。
　　4. Y. 该句句意为:美国人面临的有关水的问题为地下水的减少和污染。本题解题依据为第七段第二句话和第八段第三句话，这两句话加在一起即为美国人所面临的水资源方面的问题，与原文之义相符。
　　5. N. 该句句意为:根据这篇文章，所有水的污染都来自于家庭废弃物。本题解题依据为第十一段最后一句话…70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste (百分之七十的污染物源于家庭废弃物)，据此，本题之意与原文之义不合。
　　6. N. 该句句意为:美国人将不会面临缺水问题。该题解题依据为文章第七段第二句话 But Americans could face serious water shortages, too, especially in areas that rely on groundwater, 显然本题之意与原文之义不合。
　　7. NG.该句句意为:水利专家Gleick 提供了与水相关的最佳解决方案。根据本文第十三段第一句话所述，专家Gleick 并未提供任何最佳解决方案。
　　8. one—third. 解题依据为第四段最后一句话。
　　9. glaciers and ice caps. 解题依据为第五段第二句话。
　　10. water pollution. 解题依据为第十段第二句话。
　　Part ⅢListening ComprehensionSection A
　　11. C12. C13. B14. D15. C 16. B17. D18. B19. B20. C
　　21. A22. C23. C24. D25. C
　　Section B
　　26. A27. B28. B29. B30. C 31. C32. A33. D34. C35. B
　　Section C
　　36~46题答案见听力文字稿
　　Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A
　　47. D从空格后的谓语动词 “have” 可知该处应填入复数名词，因此，只能在D和M中选择；由于和动宾 “drop 10 percentage points” 搭配，此处应填入“比例”一词，所以D为正确选项。
　　48. F本题难度很大，只能根据完成时态，先排除C和O两项，然后结合对上下文的理解，作者悲叹年青人读的书太少，“如果你只读了青少年杂志上的一篇小故事，那也被计算在内”。因此选出正确的选项F。
　　49. O该题较为简单，依据本文的一般现在时态，单数主语和后面的介词to，可以推断出正确答案, “attribute…to 把…归因于…”
　　50. L根据文章的意思和时态、单复数的基本知识可知选L。
　　51. K因为在by之后，这里只能采用动名词的形式，从所给选项三个动名词中选出意思符合的一项，即K（force somebody to do）。
　　52. N本句结构工整，“from vocabulary to stretching imagination”，显然应填入一个动名词，根据文章的意思，应该填入N，意即:从构建词汇量到拓展思维能力。
　　53. J固定搭配，release…from，可知应选J。

　　54. C根据上下文含义，可知“17岁从不或者很少读书的孩子数量上升”，并且本题与55题句式相同，但意思相反，因此从下文的drop 一词也可推断出本题的正确选项。

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:42

55. E结合上下文，该处应填入一个意为“比例”的名词，即E项percentage，此处同学应该注意（1）percentage（比例）与percent （具体的百分比）的区分；（2）选项percentage 与上句的number 呈对应的。
　　56.B此处根据助动词have和形容词constant, 可知该处应该填入一个系动词的过去分词，意为“保持不变”，只能填入B项。
　　Section B
　　57. B细节理解题。该题有一定难度。根据题干，解答该题应定位在第一段。第一段第二行说“它有时放在‘situations vacant（招聘）栏目…，”其中招聘加了引号，再加上随后的让步从句明确否定了给人提供工作，所以A项应排除。第三行说“它有时放在‘situations wanted’（求职）栏目…，”随后的让步从句也明确否定了D项。而选择正确答案应根据最后一句话“What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.”B项正确。C项“把现有的工作分成各种类型”文章没有提及，也应排除。
　　58. C细节理解题。解答该题只需正确理解第二段第二行“The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.”（这种特别服务的出现和成功反映了当今的高失业率。）这正是C项的内容。该题属倒着考题型。
　　59. D细节理解题。最关键的提示句应该是第三段第三句“The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.”言外之意，在信中不必写得太详细，应该在得到面试机会时再透露更多细节。D项为正确选项。
　　60. A细节理解题。文章第四段第一行中的“as you moved up the ladder”对应了题干中的“as one went on to apply for more important jobs”。因此，随后的内容即为答案:“Something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.”A项正确。B项说“有关申请人个性的隐含信息”，C项说“申请人申请工作时相对于其他人的优势”，这两项均不正确，D）项表示“用主动积极的方法偶尔玩点花招”只是引人关注的其中一种方法，不如A具有概括性。
　　61. B单句理解题。本题问个人履历为什么重要。学生只要正确理解最后一段，就可做出正确选择，最后一句实际上是一强调句型:“…it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.”明确讲明是越来越多的具有大学教育背景的求职者使得个人履历更显重要。“it is”后的内容也即是B项的内容，所以B项正确。A、C、D项文中都没有涉及，均应排除。
　　62. A细节理解题。本题问规定最高租金可能会导致什么结果。文章第一段明确指出，landlords（房东）收取租户的租金有了最高限额，他们的利润会受到影响，也可能导致他们投资其他行业，鉴于此，C、D两项都是错误的。B项“使租房为家的人担忧”文中没有涉及，也不对。依据第一段最后一句话“…, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可知A项为惟一选项。
　　63. C细节理解题。依据第一段第四句“However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.”可断定C项正确。A、B、D诸项都含绝对意味，都不符合文中意思。
　　64. A细节理解题。解答该题只要准确理解第二段的含义，尤其从第三行开始“However, if the minimum is high,…Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.”此题较简单。
　　65. B主旨题。本文从rent control和最低工资控制两方面讨论了政府控制可能造成的后果。进一步说，许多政府行为可能保护某些利益，但从长远看，也会带来许多问题。B项正确。A项说（文章叙述了）供需关系；C项说（文章叙述了）政府控制的必要性；D项说（文章叙述了）摆脱政府控制的紧迫性。文章并没有深入谈及这三项内容，显然不能成为文章主旨。
　　66. D细节判断题。依据第四段第二行“The predictions may be correct only if ‘other things are equal’.”可得知A项是对的。从第二段可得知规定最低工资会使得雇主雇用更少的工人，会考虑用机器替代工人，也就会导致更多的人失业，所以B项应该是可以成立的说法。C项的内容实际上就是A项的另一种说法，也可成立。依据第四段内容，可得知D项不正确。经济理论应该有相当的参考价值，只是还需考虑方方面面的因素。
　　Part ⅤCloze
　　67. C本题考查搭配关系。本句句意为:当然，在教学岗位上应考虑聘用外籍教师的利与弊。根据句意，应选介词of。
　　68. A本题考查介词用法。根据上题译文，介词in符合题意及英语习惯表达，故正确。其他选项均不符合英语习惯表达。
　　69. D本题考查动词辨析。thought 意为 “认为”，measured 意为“测量”，balanced意为“平衡”，considered 意为“考虑”。D符合题意，故正确。
　　70. C本题考查名词辨析。situation 意为“形势，情况”；circumstance 意为“情况”；background 意为“背景”；condition 意为“条件”。本句句意为:对于大学和个人，被当作宝的外籍背景也对个人及学习产生了适应方面的问题。据此，只有C选项符合题意，故正确。
　　71. B本题考查动词辨析。emerge意为“出现”，是不及物动词，可排除;carries意为“携带”；creates意为“创造、产生”；solves意为“解决”；B符合题意，故正确。
　　72. A本题考查代词用法。本句句意为:“外来从事研究的学者通常呆在实验室以保护自己。”isolate oneself somewhere 为习惯用法，意为:把某人隔离在某地。此外空格应指主语 the foreign research scholar, 所以应用 himself 指代；由此确定A为正确答案。
　　73. C本题考查上下文逻辑关系。根据上下文，逗号后所述内容与前文内容正好相反，所以此处应选表示转折意义的词，显然C正确。选项B和D都表示递进，而A选项意为“否则”，不符合上下文逻辑关系。
　　74. C本题考查搭配关系。根据fit 动词不与by 连用，可排除选项B；而fit 与into或with连用为“适合，符合”之义，两选项均与句意不合。本句句意为:但他所需要的是适应组织严密的大学体制。据此，只有C符合题意，故正确。be fitted to意为“使适应”。
　　75. D本题考查代词用法。本句空格本为 the system,为避免重复，一般用that 来替代，所以D正确。
　　76. B本题考查搭配关系。 be faced with 为固定搭配，意为“面对，面临”，所以B正确。其余选项均搭配错误。
　　77. D本题考查动词辨析。上句句意为:外籍教师面临人生观、课程安排及教学方法等方面的差异。因而本句应在意义上与上下文保持一致，lack 意为“缺乏”，符合题意要求，故为正确答案。而have （有）、possess(拥有)和need（需要）均不合题意。
　　78. A本题考查名词辨析。concept意为“概念、观念”，feeling意为“情感、感觉”，plan意为“计划”，intelligence意为“智力、脑力”。本句句意为:外籍教授要求有本已在美国学生头脑中就有的观念。显然A选项吻合句意，故正确。
　　79. D本题考查动词辨析。ordered 为“命令、定购”之义；asked 为“询问，请求”之义；insisted 为“坚持”之义。根据句意，显然选项D正确。
　　80. B本题考查搭配关系。adapt oneself to 意为“使适应于”，其余选项均无此搭配关系，所以B正确。
　　81. C本题考查搭配关系。adjustments 为空格所填动词的宾语，其搭配动词应用make, 所以C正确。
　　82. A本题考查习惯用法。take advantage of 为固定用法，其意为“利用”，吻合题意，故正确。
　　83. D本题考查动词辨析。show意为“显现、表明”；afford意为“担负得起（费用、损失等）”；express意为“表达、表示”；offer意为“提供，给予”。本句句义为:大学也必须作一些调整，以充分利用外籍教师。选项D与题意吻合，故正确。
　　84. B本题考查形容词辨析。powerful 意为“强有力的”，creative 意为“有创造力的”，imaginary 意为“虚构的、幻想的”，advanced意为“先进的、高级的”。本句句意为:人们还不知道如何创造性地利用外籍教师。很显然选择B符合题意，故正确。
　　85. C本题考查名词辨析。scope意为“范围”，range意为“变动范围、视觉范围”，field意为“领域”，district意为“行政区域”。根据句意，此处应为其研究领域之义，因而选项C正确。
　　86. B本题考查短语动词辨析。called on 与called upon 意义等同，A、C均可排除；called at意为“在某处拜访某人”，与题意不合，也可排除；只有called for (需要)符合题意，故正确。
　　Part ⅥTranslation
　　87. turned a deaf ear to our warnings
　　88. as fluently as he speaks English
　　89. Whether Tony will come or not
　　90. could not help laughing
　　91. did she become aware/realize

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[四级模拟] 2011年6月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案10