2011年12月英语四级模拟试卷及答案分析(2)

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:33

　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: WILL PHONES KILL LETTER WRITING? You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
　　1. 年轻人越来越趋向于打电话
　　2. 信件是否会被电话取缔
　　3. 我的观点
　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
　　For questions 1-7, mark
　　Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
　　N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
　　NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
　　For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
　　Holy Squid! Photos Offer First Glimpse of Live Deep-Sea Giant
　　Like something straight out of a Jules Verne novel, an enormous tentacle creature looms out of the inky blackness of the deep Pacific waters.
　　But this isn't science fiction. A set of extraordinary images captured by Japanese scientists mark the first-ever record of a live giant squid (Architeuthis) in the wild.
　　The animal—which measures roughly 25 feet (8 meters) long—was photographed 2,950 feet (900 meters) beneath the North Pacific Ocean. Japanese scientists attracted the squid toward cameras attached to a baited fishing line.
　　The scientists say they snapped more than 500 images of the massive cephalopod before it broke free after snagging itself on a hook. They also recovered one of the giant squid's two longest tentacles, which severed during its struggle.
　　The photo sequence, taken off Japan's Ogasawara Islands in September 2004, shows the squid homing in on the baited line and enveloping it in "a ball of tentacles."
　　Tsunemi Kubodera of the National Science Museum in Tokyo and Kyoichi Mori of the Ogasawara Whale Watching Association report their observations this week in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
　　"Architeuthis appears to be a much more active predator than previously suspected, using its elongated feeding tentacles to strike and tangle prey," the researchers write.
　　They add that the squid was found feeding at depths where no light penetrates even during the day.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:34

　　Giant Breakthrough
　　Despite people's fascination with this deep-sea behemoth, the giant squid's life and habits have remained largely a mystery. The little information known has been mostly based on dead and dying specimens that were caught by commercial fishing boats or washed ashore.
　　The mysterious creature has inspired countless sea monster tales and has been the subject of various scientific expeditions.
　　Since the mid 1990s there have been a number of research trips in search of giant squid. Cameras attached to deep-diving subs or sperm whales have been used to try to capture the elusive animals on film, but without success.
　　The Japanese researchers used sperm whales as guides to help them pinpoint likely giant squid haunts. Over the years whalers have reported finding a high number of large squid beaks in the mammals' stomachs, pegging sperm whales as primary predators of large squid.
　　The images are generating considerable excitement among squid experts.
　　"I think it's wonderful that we've finally got a picture of a living giant squid," said Richard Ellis, a research associate at the American Museum of Natural History in New York and author of The Search for the Giant Squid.
　　"I thought it would only be a matter of time before someone got images of Architeuthis," he added.
　　"After all, it's not an endangered species, not even all that rare, and it's one of the largest of all invertebrates. So the Japanese film finaly breaks through and renders the statement 'nobody has ever seen a living giant squid' inoperative."
　　Squid expert Martin Collins of the British Antarctic Survey based in Cambridge, England, says the new images are a "fantastic" achievement.
　　The marine biologist says he was skeptical that a dedicated giant squid hunt would succeed. He thought the first wild sighting would probably come by accident.
　　"Fair play to these guys who've made the effort, gone out there and looked in what they thought was a good area, and found it," he said.
　　Hunting for Clues
　　Collins is especially interested in clues the images might provide to the way giant squid swim and hunt in the deep ocean.
　　"Seeing the animals on film gives you a tremendous insight into how they live down there," he said. "It shows they are pretty active animals, and that answers a big question that's been out there for some time."
　　Collins says there were two competing schools of thought among giant squid experts.
　　"One was the idea that [giant squid] were fairly inactive and just drifted around, dangling their tentacles below them like fishing lures to catch what came by," he said.
　　"The other theory was that they were actually quite active. This new evidence supports this, suggesting they are active predators which can move reasonably quickly."
　　"The efforts the squid went to untangle itself [from the baited fishing line] also shows they are capable of quite strong and rapid movement," he added.
　　The study team reports that the severed tentacle repeatedly gripped the boat deck and crew after it was hauled aboard. The squid's tentacles are armed with suckers, each ringed with tiny teeth to help snare prey.
　　Measuring 18 feet (5.5 meters) long, analysis of the tentacle confirmed it came from a giant squid and allowed the researchers to estimate the total length of the animal.
　　But the researchers caution that their data assume the tentacle was severed at it base. If not, the squid may have been considerably larger. The longest giant squid on record measured 59 feet (18 meters), including its two elongated tentacles.
　　Shedding Light on Giant Squid
　　Giant squid, along with their close cousins colossal squid (Mesonychoteuthis), have the largest eyes of any animal.
　　"Giant squid do have particularly large eyes, which would suggest vision is important to them. Having a large eye isn't unusual in deep-sea animals-you see it quite often in fish."
　　The fact that the animal caught on film was swimming in total darkness suggests the species detects prey using alternative light sources. "The only light down there is likely to be light produced by other animals," said Collins of the British Antarctic Survey.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:35

　　The Japanese team thinks that research techniques similar to their own could be used to bring about more close encounters with giant squid. Ellis of the American Museum of Natural History agrees.
　　"I'm sure we can learn a lot from an analysis of these images," he said. "And now that we have an idea of where to look for [the squid], we will undoubtedly get more pictures."
　　1. The passage talks mainly about the studying of a live giant squid by American scientists.
　　2. The giant squid was photographed 2,950 feet beneath the North Pacific Ocean.
　　3. The observations by Tsunemi Kubodera and Kyoichi Mori was reported in the journal Proceedings of Royal Society B.
　　4. The Japanese film is a breakthrough in the study of the giant squid's life and habits.
　　5. There are three competing schools of thought among giant squid experts.
　　6. The giant squid are capable of quite strong and rapid movement.
　　7. The longest giant squid on record measured 18 feet.
　　8. Giant squid, along with their close cousins colossal squid, have the largest ________________.
　　9. The giant squid swimming in total darkness detects prey using ________________.
　　10. The Japanese team thinks that research techniques similar to their own could be used to bring about more ________________.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:36

　　Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
　　11. [A] He'll be speaking at the end of the meeting. [C]He suddenly decided not to speak.
　　[B] He was supposed to speak last night instead. [D] He already spoke very briefly tonight.
　　12. [A] It's too high. [C] It's cheap indeed.
　　[B] It's acceptable. [D] The woman should have bargained for it.
　　13. [A] At two o'clock. [C] At four o'clock.
　　[B] At three o'clock. [D] At five o'clock.
　　14. [A] Shop assistant and customer. [C] Store keeper and customer.
　　[B] Post clerk and customer. [D] Waitress and customer.
　　15. [A] His girlfriend complained of his going to the party without her.
　　[B] He was together with his girlfriend yesterday.
　　[C] He has been busy dating his girlfriend these days.
　　[D] He brought his girlfriend to the party.
　　16. [A] She regretted having bought the second-hand car.
　　[B] It is unnecessary to rent another house.
　　[C] They should sell their second-hand car and buy a new one.
　　[D] They can afford a second-hand car.
　　17. [A] She loves the film too. [C] She asks the man to repeat his words.
　　[B] She doesn't think much of the film. [D] It's not as good as she expected.
　　18. [A] Go out with his wife. [C] Stay at home with his wife.
　　[B] Work for extra hours. [D] Go out with his boss.
　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　19. [A] It's hereditary. [C] He combs his hair too much.
　　[B] The shampoo he used caused it. [D] He is old enough to lose hair.
　　20. [A] Use some special shampoo.
　　[B] Wear a wig.
　　[C] Don't try to comb hair over the bald or thin patch.
　　[D] Go to the doctor for advice.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:37

　　21. [A] Over the radio. [C] At the man's house.
　　[B] At a doctor's office. [D] At a drug store.
　　22. [A] It suits him. [C] It looks old.
　　[B] It looks ridiculous [D] It's getting worse.
　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
　　23. [A] Once a week. [C] Five every month.
　　[B] Three every month. [D] Two every month.
　　24. [A] When there are more than twelve people. [C] When there are fifteen people.
　　[B] When there are five people. [D] When there are more than fifteen people.
　　25. [A] Call the office. [C] Pay the money.
　　[B] Sign your name on the notice board in advance. [D] There is no need to reserve a place.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:38

　　Section B
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　26. [A] Because it isn't closed.
　　[B] Because the students have to pass all examinations before entering it.
　　[C] Because there is no examination before they are accepted as students.
　　[D] Because its door is open.
　　27. [A] At the airport. [C] Taking the air.
　　[B] By plane. [D] On radio and TV.
　　28. [A] Four. [C] Three.
　　[B] Eight. [D] Five.
　　29. [A] In four or five years. [C] In three or four years.
　　[B] In one year. [D] In 36 weeks.
　　Passage Two
　　Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　30. [A] A new way to take notes. [C] The five steps in the reading process.
　　[B] A short name for survey reading method. [D] Different ways to study for examinations.
　　31. [A] That one should think about the ideas while reading the words.
　　[B] That one should always take notes.
　　[C] That one should read only the title and important words.
　　[D] That one should read sequences of words.
　　32. [A] Read. [C] Review.
　　[B] Recite. [D] Reread.
　　Passage Three

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:39

　　Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
　　33. [A] Vacations. [C] Overcrowded classrooms.
　　[B] Wages. [D] Paid sick leaves.
　　34. [A] They want the teachers to resign.
　　[B] They want the teachers to return to work.
　　[C] They are very sympathetic toward the strike.
　　[D] They are refusing to comment on the situation.
　　35. [A] Parent Board. [C] Teachers' Union.
　　[B] District Court. [D] School Committee.
　　Section C
　　Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
　　There are 17 kinds of penguins in the world. All of them live in the southern (36) ________. Only a few (37) ________ live on the continent of Antarctica at the bottom of the world. The emperor penguins are the largest. They are about 100 (38) ________ tall and weigh about 30 kilograms. Their special (39) ________ of mating makes them different from all other penguins.
　　For thousands of years the emperor penguins have lived on the (40) ________ Continent of Antarctica. These black and white birds live in large groups or colonies. There are about 40 emperor penguin colonies on Antarctica. In total there are about 400,000 birds.
　　These birds spend the summer swimming in the ocean in (41) ________ of food such as fish and (42) ________. Penguins are not able to fly, but they are (43) ________ swimmers. (44) ________________________________________. But when summer ends, so does this easy time spent by the water. (45) ________________________________________.
　　(46) ________________________________________. They must find an area with some shelter from the freezing winds.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:40

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
　　Section A
　　Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the staements in the fewest possible words. Write your answers in the spaces provided on Answer Sheet 2.
　　Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture. Experts have been interested in these effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock. These stages are general and should only be used as a reference. Not every individual will go through each stage, and one stage may last longer than another for different individuals.
　　The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is the emotional "roller coaster" they seem to be riding. One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture, and the next moment very negative. It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate (犹豫不定)between loving and hating a new country. Feelings of separation and alienation can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging.
　　Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture. There can be a sense of a greater need for sleep. This is due not only to physical tiredness, but also to mental fatigue. This mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situations.
　　The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person. There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture. Four factors which play into these are personality, language ability, length of stay, and the emotional support received.
　　It is logical to think that when people are deprived of their familiar surroundings they will feel disoriented. One solution some have found is to bring a few small reminders of home. Pictures, wall hangings, favorite utensils, and keepsakes(纪念品)are all good candidates to make things feel more familiar. Another helpful activity is to establish little routines that become familiar over time. Even better is fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture. This will make people feel more at home.
　　47. According to the 1st paragraph, experts have interests in ________________.
　　48. Emotional "roller coaster" refers to ________________.
　　49. When entering a new culture, the problems people face are ________________.
　　50. Coping with new situations may result in ________________.
　　51. According to the author, the more effective way to solve "cultural shock" is ________________.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:41

　　Section B
　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [C]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
　　Passage One
　　Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
　　Sixteen years ago, Eileen Doyle's husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had been nothing wrong with their marriage.
　　Every day of the year, a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a good-bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.
　　Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home—the highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.
　　To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride and self-confidence. Even the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.
　　Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive. "It's typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people's pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty."
　　The Salvation Army's Investigation Department has a 70 percent success rate in tracking missing people down. According to Lt. Co. Bramwell Pratt, head of the department, men and women run away for very different reasons though lack of communication is often the biggest motive. "The things that disturb a man's personality are problems like being tied up in debt or serious worries about work. And some women make impossible demands on their husbands. Women usually leave for more obvious reasons but fear is at the root of it. Men are more often prepared to give their marriage another try than women, but we are aware that, for some wives, it would be a total impossibility to return after the way they've been treated."
　　52. When her husband left home, Eileen Doyle ________ .
　　[A] could not forgive him for taking the children [C] could not understand why
　　[B] had been expecting it to happen for some time [D] blamed herself for what had happened
　　53. Most people who leave their families behind them ________.
　　[A] do so without warning [C] come back immediately
　　[B] do so because of their debts [D] change their names
　　54. The man or woman left behind usually ________.
　　[A] admits responsibility for the situation
　　[B] wishes the person who has left were dead
　　[C] feels embarrassed and useless
　　[D] will have no legal marriage life for seven years
　　55. Paul Brown regards leaving home in such circumstances as ________.
　　[A] an act of despair [C] the result of a sudden decision
　　[B] an act of selfishness [D] the result of the enormous sense of guilt
　　56. The Salvation Army believes that _________.
　　[A] most men run away because of the impossible demands of their wives
　　[B] men's reasons are more understandable than women's
　　[C] some women never give their men another chance
　　[D] women are often afraid to start marriage again

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 09:52:42

　　Passage Two
　　Questions 57 to 61 are based in the following passage.
　　The English have the reputation of being very different from all other nationalities. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed some attitudes and habits distinguishing him from other nationalities.
　　Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, and reserved person among people he knows well. Before strangers he often seems inhibited, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a railway compartment any morning or evening to see the truth. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing(打盹)in a corner, and no one speaks. An English wit once suggested to overseas visitors, "On entering a railway compartment shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, if broken, makes the person immediately the object of suspicion.
　　It is well known that the English seldom show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion etc. Of course, an Englishman feels no less than any other nationality. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A man of more emotional temperament might describe her as "a marvelous jewel", while the Englishman will flatly state "Um, she's all right." An Englishman may recommend a highly successful and enjoyable film to friends by commenting, "It's not bad." The overseas visitors must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest. They must realize that "all right", "not bad" are very often used with the sense of "first class", "excellent". This special use of language is particularly common in English.
　　57. One explanation for the different character of English people is that ________.
　　[A] they are geographically isolated from the European continent
　　[B] they have nothing to do with the other Europeans
　　[C] they like to keep quiet among their acquaintances
　　[D] they tend to be reserved by wnature
　　58. The word "inhibited" (Line 2, Para. 2) in this passage probably means ________ .
　　[A] unable to have good manners [C] able to act properly
　　[B] unable to express and relax freely [D] able to talk freely
　　59. According to the passage, on entering a railway compartment, an overseas visitor is expected to ________ .
　　[A] inquire about the code of behavior in the train [C] shake hands with the person he knows
　　[B] shake hands with all the passengers [D] behave like an Englishman
　　60. The English way of commenting on something or somebody suggests that ________.
　　[A] the English are modest in most circumstances
　　[B] the English feel no less than any other nationality
　　[C] the English tend to display less emotion than they feel
　　[D] the English don't take a strong interest in making comment
　　61. What does the passage mainly discuss?
　　[A] The differences between the English and the other Europeans.
　　[B] The different character of the Englishman and its reason.
　　[C] The reasons for English people's shyness.
　　[D] The code of behavior of the nationalities in Europe.

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[四级模拟] 2011年12月英语四级模拟试卷及答案分析(2)