2012年12月大学英语四级考试专项练习(词汇)04
0 | G( r) S& O. iAmericans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
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Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.* l8 s6 Z) ~- S; }) O
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Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.! Z5 E9 |0 t9 ?' n2 F
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[A]skill [B]popular [C]get [D]change 6 }6 u% |, A9 T8 ]- l% j
[E]similarly [F]professional [G]character [H]individuality
. e$ n" `- z3 Y9 A# V& g0 d2 M3 k[I]inspire [J]differently [K]expect [L]practical! W7 j f8 q! H# ^# \3 k
[M]recall [N]lose [O]ordinary
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ANSWERS:
: Z: t D9 Z1 A' _9 S1.选B)。
2 K z; w$ b/ _! w) S: a* }从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。9 l7 G) r- p) Y: E$ y# g; d/ D
2.选F)。& x a+ n8 [. i& g
此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知,此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对,说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional“职业的”和civilian相对的,故F)正确。而pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian对应,故排除。" y! r& n* \! T, Q: L) n
3.选K)。
% a# M6 a+ g( K& d- C8 Z2 t q由be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知,此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more“看起来更...”和后面的tend to“倾向于”可知,这段要说明的是人们的主观印象,应填入表示“期望(得到)”的单词,只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get“得到”与上下文的语气不符合。
, q& `& n2 Z3 p1 Y4 N/ r, O4.选I)。$ o: D2 @5 C" l4 C
此处应填动词原形。从原文中“人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。”可知,人们更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire“使产生”符合文章。
: `5 \) p* e/ k" M/ O: H1 H6 B5.选A)。- }. @$ N' Y! q
此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么对于garage mechanic“汽车修理工”来说,人们信任的是它的技术,而不是人品,故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
8 G" E6 N* |9 V- F# t6.选N)。( F) C! X5 ^" x% v. l
此处应填动词。...step out of uniform“脱掉制服”是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份,由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。外语学习网& P1 y- e) |* W2 _
7.选L)。
/ r5 V( d7 X' _' x此处应填形容词,说明制服的其他有点。从下文“...节省购买其他衣服的开销,节省洗衣费用,比便服更舒适也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。
; e9 h: |/ d3 n( T8.选H)。
) Y5 T; `# c" W' M此处应填名词。文章手段就说“美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比,然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思,那么联系第一段,此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性,故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别,而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。
$ t2 c) W6 o% _, ?$ i1 X9.选D)。
( r. E7 p1 d. J) X& q此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性,虽然有很多种制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是没有变化的,故此处应填change,故D)正确。
% ]2 W3 g, d4 o' b8 W' A" y10.选E)。% \% c( f) E4 O
此处应填副词,修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently,很明显,E)similarly与alike意思相近,故选E)。 |