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[四级阅读] 英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(11)

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发表于 2012-8-14 10:00:37 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
【阅读练习】   Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
$ \# ~' i1 r0 A9 S7 ?$ o* m  Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
& `4 S; v: Q; a) z8 X& ~  Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
- m; z& X& q- R: Y& T7 x  [A]skill
3 I2 y- q, K* s, C+ g( o  [B]popular
  e5 c3 U% k7 B/ C% \  [C]get# H) t+ ]5 ~. x; m; m0 }: ^
  [D]change( K$ B9 H" M- g  R/ s/ F. ~
  [E]similarly6 Z, o" m, {+ X. ?" U  U
  [F]professional
  b% U. b2 f4 {  [G]character
7 I" U2 y0 T" i# A4 _  [H]individuality! ?  m7 T8 W0 p  Y" h' T+ d' o2 i
  [I]inspire
8 ~# m3 [6 `5 z: o  [J]differently$ [/ @& X' x' O
  [K]expect, E  D8 L" t2 c' f0 m$ q, o
  [L]practical
& e8 e, E0 E" O  [M]recall
; n( n+ A! `. H/ X% o  [N]lose: ?& J/ h) q8 Y& F& E0 u+ x! N
  [O]ordinary* ?- h1 D; n4 k' j' f! P
  ANSWERS:
: e3 p6 j; @3 J) q6 g' y  1.选B)。从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。
1 [- _( G) `9 x8 W* ~7 |  2.选F)。此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知,此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对,说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional“职业的”和civilian相对的,故F)正确。而pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian对应,故排除。4 |7 J& H8 ]" M" v( y& W7 t- Y, R
  3.选K)。由be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知,此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more“看起来更...”和后面的tend to“倾向于”可知,这段要说明的是人们的主观印象,应填入表示“期望(得到)”的单词,只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get“得到”与上下文的语气不符合。
! `* D0 ^1 h+ f4 W( L# |  4.选I)。此处应填动词原形。从原文中“人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。”可知,人们更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire“使产生”符合文章。
5 s5 O4 w2 g* P- ]  5.选A)。此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么对于garage mechanic“汽车修理工”来说,人们信任的是它的技术,而不是人品,故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
3 K! i" E4 y, t: y3 [4 ^  6.选N)。此处应填动词。...step out of uniform“脱掉制服”是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份,由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。1 n/ l9 E3 \% _0 a
  7.选L)。此处应填形容词,说明制服的其他有点。从下文“...节省购买其他衣服的开销,节省洗衣费用,比便服更舒适也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。  T- {/ M% S! K% N4 }
  8.选H)。此处应填名词。文章手段就说“美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比,然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思,那么联系第一段,此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性,故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别,而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。
& b5 Z' s6 F  T  G* G  9.选D)。此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性,虽然有很多种制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是没有变化的,故此处应填change,故D)正确。
* ~) Y* y6 ]" Z5 a7 S% f. K  10.选E)。此处应填副词,修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently,很明显,E)similarly与alike意思相近,故选E)。
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