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[四级阅读] 英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(24)

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发表于 2012-8-14 10:00:37 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
【阅读练习】   Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
2 \, u) _* t9 C# B2 i/ L( ?- A; |  Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
% F, i. R; [: U  Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
# j. V- g  O/ Y1 o) R# l  [A]skill( R3 W3 F! H2 M9 h2 N( F! ^7 E
  [B]popular
/ e9 z  Z( f! V! a: f  [C]get
: \" F4 P, ]& K, }% e% a& b! \1 N  [D]change
3 b7 n- B; h% u" K- X2 f! e  [E]similarly8 Y; @; ]7 z. M9 M5 T( e: B# V
  [F]professional
+ |" I  p& e0 R: Q9 e  [G]character' |6 V2 R  t8 s; P
  [H]individuality  @! u/ ^5 F6 i( i+ W( ]! o4 v, @
  [I]inspire
- ^8 E6 |" ~; ^$ S1 I  [J]differently
. Q# J7 p  h8 R6 l  v0 W  [K]expect# a) U$ c1 A) Y5 e, p$ [! Y9 x+ G
  [L]practical: P, Q' q- @( a- E
  [M]recall/ @  @+ z. N" z6 y5 C8 Y2 ~- g
  [N]lose# u" J- ?3 B8 q" w
  [O]ordinary2 t* C, B2 u" p' C$ a% S2 n
  【答案及详解】# m4 b& i' Q$ U7 Y# G
  1.选B)。从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。
, Q+ k, J1 L9 y# A% a  2.选F)。此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知,此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对,说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional“职业的”和civilian相对的,故F)正确。而pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian对应,故排除。
) C% c. m7 B& [3 B4 f4 m  3.选K)。由be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知,此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more“看起来更...”和后面的tend to“倾向于”可知,这段要说明的是人们的主观印象,应填入表示“期望(得到)”的单词,只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get“得到”与上下文的语气不符合。
9 O/ G- o& D* A( X$ e  4.选I)。此处应填动词原形。从原文中“人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。”可知,人们更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire“使产生”符合文章。3 [( r2 I7 @6 N
  5.选A)。此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么对于garage mechanic“汽车修理工”来说,人们信任的是它的技术,而不是人品,故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。3 [3 [2 q4 q9 _
  6.选N)。此处应填动词。...step out of uniform“脱掉制服”是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份,由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。
5 C* d, c1 B( @! F% W3 @  7.选L)。此处应填形容词,说明制服的其他有点。从下文“...节省购买其他衣服的开销,节省洗衣费用,比便服更舒适也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。
+ {9 j' Y* a% @( V1 A  8.选H)。此处应填名词。文章手段就说“美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比,然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思,那么联系第一段,此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性,故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别,而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。
( N2 w" B, j* I6 Y1 L! b) i/ g1 Y: O  9.选D)。此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性,虽然有很多种制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是没有变化的,故此处应填change,故D)正确。! _' Q3 k% P) m, P: p+ g
  10.选E)。此处应填副词,修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently,很明显,E)similarly与alike意思相近,故选E)。
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