2012年大学英语六级语法：动词语态

会计考友

语态是动词的一种形式，它用来表示句中主语同谓语动词之间的关系。  
　　英语有两种语态， 主动语态和被动语态， 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。例如：
　　I have repaired the radio.
5 s6 m! r& R9 `3 g　　我修好了收音机。
　　The radio has been repaired.
　　收音机被修好了。
+ w, l  }1 n$ A　　The students cleaned the classroom.
　　学生们打扫了教室。 wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM
  O4 F: ~- V1 z2 ^+ o　　The classroom was cleaned by the students.
' f0 y" X4 n! x: z' r' |　　教室被学生们打扫了。
" x/ n# Z9 p4 f& f6 a& ^* F　　被动语态的构成：
　　be + 过去分词
" @3 o  Z# h6 N' Q% M# k3 d　　A building was damaged by the storm.
' ^1 I* N" Q' }( Q$ W7 H! Q　　暴风雨毁坏了一座建筑物。
　　Our plate was made in China.
* a5 X7 _# E, Y　　我们的盘子是中国生产的。
( h+ Q1 d& D, {　　My bike was stolen.
　　我的自行车被盗了。
　　常用的被动语态的时态变化如下，以 ask 为例：
　　一般 进行 完成
　　现在I am asked, I am being asked, I have been asked
　　过去I was asked,I was being asked,I had been asked
' R6 k4 H4 @- ^) l# w; p- j　　将来I shall be asked, I shall have been asked
　　过去将来I shall be asked
　　被动语态的疑问句是把助动词提前到句首。
　　Has your TV set been repaired?
　　你的电视机修了吗？
) M0 M. s7 X8 X　　Was the kite broken?
- k' {' R. Q4 s2 w　　风筝破了吗？
　　Has the work been done?
: X+ A; H+ Y7 b  t7 z( A, v: l　　工作结束了吗？
　　被动语态的否定式是在助动词后面加 not.
5 E8 |  f6 i: v' c, d　　The letter has not been sent out.
　　信还没有发出去。 中华考试网(www．Examw。com)
( Z: ?, ^4 i: F+ ?2 b8 `- E, _8 U　　The little boy has not been found out.
　　小孩还没有找到。
- X7 i! x% w, Q! z2 o' \　　The cap has not been mended yet.
　　帽子还没有补好。
　　Their money has not been sent to them.
0 H/ A7 g) n4 q: e# l+ v　　他们的钱还没有送到他们手中。