2012大学英语六级快速阅读指导：逻辑关系

会计考友

快速阅读理解能力的提高是有一定方法可循的，为此我们首先提示考生应该尤其注意文章逻辑关系在快速阅读中的运用。逻辑关系散布在文章的句子内部、句句之间、以及段落之间。最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种：  
/ y, n3 f4 w* \　　1、因果关系：as a result ，therefore，hence，consequently，because, for, due to, hence, consequently等等。  
　　2、并列、递进关系：and, or, then，in addition，besides，in other words，moreover等等
　　3、转折关系：however，but, yet, in fact等等。 转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]
3 `" }9 Q5 H' C. |, i0 g4 H　　这些我们其实已经很熟悉的逻辑提示词在文章中起的效果，并非仅仅是衔接文章的句子，从阅读的角度来看，其实同时在给我们某种提示，告诉我们哪些句子是有效信息，相对重要的信息，哪些信息是相对不重要的信息，因为我们在处理文章的时候，有一条清晰的思路，你不是为了完整翻译文章而进行阅读，而是为了获取主旨来阅读。
　　例如样题中的第一段：You have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don’t think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don’t have to think about that waste again, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up.
　　我们注意到，在该段尾部出现了“But”。这里的“But”，说明作者陈述的内容的逻辑主旨发生了变化，因此，转折逻辑词之前的信息就变得不重要了，简单的处理方法是可以仅保留阅读转折词之后的信息。相应地，并列、递进关系词，意味着它们前后衔接的信息从主旨的体现上没有发生变化，而更多的表现为前后句子主旨的相似性，所以我们选择其中的一半进行阅读。这样，在保证了阅读质量的基础上，也极大地提高了阅读速度。
　　如样题中“How Is a Landfill Operated?”一段中：Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.
9 `4 v) [' K. E7 ^& h( X　　In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies.
. D. o# M9 q/ {　　注意到“In addition”，该词的出现意味着其后内容和上一段信息主旨基本一致，可以放弃本句的阅读。