</p> 由上可见,正译法和反译法主要体现在汉语里是否使用"不"、"非"、"无"、"没有"、"未"、"否"等字眼,或是在英语里是否使用no, not等词或带有dis- ,im- ,in- ,un- , -less等带否定含义的词缀。读者也可将例1,例2试着用反译法表达出来。结果就是:We strongly disapprove the company's new policy.和 Appearances are deceptive. 至于两种译法得出的两个译文究竟哪一个更好,就要看译文是否准确规范,简练精辟,是否符合该语言使用者的表达习惯了。+ F6 h; O. t) E/ o
Exercise Two
3 \! c) l( n: [) s$ m Y 1.Everyone has his inherent ability ,________________ (只是很容易被习惯所掩盖).. b8 Z! J0 M7 b; Q3 g" m
2.The importance of traffic safety , _________________ (无论如何强调都不为过).
$ b/ f# r4 L6 i, Q+ r- k7 A4 ~ 3.In my opinion , ______________ (打电动玩具既浪费时间也有害健康).
: C* J0 R1 ~1 J u 4.There is no doubt that ______________ (近视是一个很严重的问题)among the youth of our country.
: |0 u2 E$ O; i: }. n1 B4 L2 L# ^ 5.According to my personal experience , ___________________ (微笑已带给我许多好处).* V# l3 ?+ I, x
1. which is easily concealed by habits! o/ ?- b6 s; e8 t J3 i0 m
解析:每个人都有与生俱来的能力,只是很容易被习惯所掩盖。本题的难点在于对动词"掩盖"的选择。这里的"掩盖"是抽象含义,并不是像cover那样能找到真实的掩盖物,所以应该选择conceal,常用搭配由:conceal...from。另外,这句话是一个非限制性定语从句。句子需填补内容是对 ability的补充说明,"能力"是中心词。因此,要用which引导这个非限制性定语从句。4 H# p: t2 _% {8 u2 x& O! }& t
2. can't be overemphasized / can't be emphasized too much
% Z/ X/ h# m9 Y: ]. b( ?: X 解析:本句考查的是"再......也不为过的"的说法。英语句型是:cannot + do sth. + too much 或 cannot over-do,如:He is so excellent that we cannot praise him too much.(他是这样的优秀,我们怎样称赞他都不过分。)cannot是否定,与too much 和 over-V. 结构连用时强调肯定,表示"怎么......也不为过"。
1 z4 O" q* }& O) R# ~ 3. playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health
0 s$ e& M; a; d H 解析:句子需填补部分的主语是"打电动玩具",虽然"打"是动词,但根据全句结构我们需要将play处理成动名词形式充当主语。此外,考察"不仅......还"的句型。"浪费时间"除了答案表达之外也可以用waste time 。
* |. i8 | U" G 4. near-sightedness is a serious problem
- o7 ?9 B; E& B* ^ 解析:There is no doubt that后接从句,从句里应有完整的主谓宾结构。如:There is no doubt that the thief jumped into the room from the balcony in the second floor.(毫无疑问,小偷是从二楼的阳台跳进来的。) "近视"还可以说成myopia 或 short sight 。
6 c7 d o( K3 G+ t 5. smile has done me a lot of good
! |/ c h" _& {2 l# g) {9 S 解析:本题考察"带给某人很多好处"的表达。我们知道"对某人有好处"可以说成do good to sb. 或do sb. good,依此类推,"给我带来很多好处"就是:do a lot of good to me或do me a lot of good 。 |