本期重点： 平行结构
! T2 ]% l- T$ k2 `! b6 ]2 L4 ?
+ S" N' W- h" W' L0 E. Y, b2 ]平行结构错误主要指在并列连接词and前后语法结构不对等、不平行。其它并列连词还有but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also)等可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。 . x" T5 f) X% Y
# I" Q# C) v7 F考点例析 1 l8 r! v. y3 ^& J
1：Computeranalyzed marketing reports can help deciding ( A5 a8 _; I5 y- H
which products to emphasize now,which to develop for
& G% M4 X G5 Z9 v3 Athe future, and which to be dropped. ____________ , L$ B3 v* ^7 A+ y' _( Y' a
解析：本句中三个平行成份which products to emphasize now, which to develop和which to be dropped结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而to be dropped应改为to drop。（注：在四六级考试中，短文改错只能修改、删除或添加一个单词，不能同时改动两个。本例题旨在反映平行结构的语法性质。）
: K0 q) z% C5 T! B: I8 H例2：At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief that our ! s9 Y; |! ]: I/ A
democratic System depends on leaders who can think 7 `4 B6 a) e R( t8 D( I7 W
critically, analyze texts and writing clearly. ___________ 5 _) T" m" U* W
解析：can后面有三个并列的谓语动词，因此writing应改成与think, analyze并列的动词原形write。 " K6 ]9 y2 ], k* L6 w1 r
7 y! B5 M7 G3 j1 B2 N& U6 i: |1 Y例3：Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body. _______
3 t) S7 ^7 c# s7 v$ q解析;：并列连词or连接四项名词结构，其中cell 和organ皆为单数形式，故tissues应改为单数tissue。
. ^4 J- L' E2 {6 c) C
9 v9 u, M( j+ P7 h% [5 }+ A7 S巩固与拓展 , u, V! ^: ^! ^7 @9 `$ b! b
1．A majority of the reports received from people claiming
. P2 ^, y6 `4 Z% l3 i' ~to have seen the lengendaiy Loch Ness monster have & G, S. @9 [ Z9 u7 T% Q1 |. l3 D% p6 O
proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or tricked. ___________
' C% }. q& C% K5 L1 v; k2. Your semester grade is based not only on how well you ( P0 X4 M* z# @4 U! i+ z' }2 Y
do on each test, but also how you participate in class. ___________
+ m7 i+ F) h4 T3. Modern sience was born when Galileo began trying to explain
$ s8 d+ n( K+ N9 R# m( m4 z0 ~how things happen and thus originating the method of controlled __________ # B, \0 Y7 l! L6 Q
experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation
0 V8 D% R; U7 [7 M1 h4. Restrict your self to one or two pages, and listing ___________
" Q N3 d6 K- X9 R/ ^any publications or referees on a separate sheet. 0 T# v: F3 y9 O: I
5. The House proposal would have barred the federal
2 H& M2 V/ Q. w" n% t) Kgovernment from demanding library records, read lists, __________ , T* X g& ?1 h; G# Y
book customer lists and other material in terrorism and 9 |/ X6 i: q% }1 `7 t
intelligence investigations.
7 ?! k0 H0 f- H0 I J$ P# e$ O! ?; s2 [& [5 }% q6 O
综合改错
) h; n9 _' a t7 t) l9 }" V$ u& p! ^The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist : |7 h) {" G! F+ E) R
With a gun, than the man with the portable computer in business class. 1._____ $ k, Z; t2 ^( \+ F/ j6 n
In the last 15 years, pilots report well over 100 incidents tha could 2. _____ ' e# @7 [+ ]6 D. ?6 i& a9 V
have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this
/ T- S+ x; c3 b( ]" \/ Rinterference remains confirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the 3._____ . B; C% `8 }3 h. G$ O4 v
blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radio and 4. _____
# z- y5 E5 l6 @4 @) Dcassette players and mobile telephones. $ |( T1 p- v! h( @
RTCA, an organization advertises the aviation industry, has 5. ______
8 [2 h% [' B# X6 a5 g! krecommended that the airline bans such devices from 6.______
; M) ?1 L+ }) j9 `# |9 v7 Cused during “critical” stages of lignt, particularly take-off and landing. 7._______ 3 U& q2 {- v: [3 S& W# R5 [
Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights.
/ D/ z6 v) _( i& ^) J( n5 X/ e7 y. jCurrently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines.
, q4 p( o. ?! }1 U! WAnd although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment 1 D# D! c" ?: A+ v- J+ Z1 B- m
during take-off and landing, most are willing to enforce a total ban, given 8. ______
3 L. |, e9 g8 h9 b: D! |that many pasengers want to work during flights. . \4 b9 v% [7 b: l, X1 g0 d
The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields may affect an
# D, g3 E. n' Q" w' Q; faircraft’s computers. Experts know that portable devices emit radiation 1 d# I8 \& c) }6 V. S# D$ x. j; F
which affect those wavelength which craft use for navigation and 9.______
2 R, x/ M3 U+ t! E1 [- \communication. But , because they have not been able to reproduce
* w" B0 D" x) N3 J$ Kthese effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing
/ l6 L2 N2 M7 u# Zwhether the interference might be danger or not. 10.______ |
发表于 2012-8-14 10:46:58
楼主