大学英语六级：短文改错(二)

会计考友

本期重点：动词
% k& N0 v( R& V& ~" o, \0 a; R: _6 W动词的考查主要集中在非谓语动词误用和及物动词、不及物动词的混淆上。非谓语动词误用主要体现在分词和过去分词的混淆，如将a puzzling question误用为a puzzled question；遇到某些特殊的动词还要考虑它们要跟动词不定式还是动名词，还是两者都可以但是含义不同，例如regret doing 意思为“后悔做…”，而regret to do意思为“遗憾做…”；还有动名词和不定式做句子的宾语和主语问题。及物动词、不及物动词很好理解，如survive一词是及物动词，因此“在地震中生存下来”就是survive the earthquake，而非survive in the earthquake，此时应该去掉介词in；有时候，在不及物动词后面又少了相应的介词，要加上。
) T- y$ f- `0 N3 H  g例题解析：
6 Q9 Z. Q4 x2 u2 D( y6 [1 y例1：Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed S1._________
as a member of a disguised hunting pack
$ y- o8 x3 V) `0 `1 u解析：本句的主语the modern footballer是view的逻辑主语，根据view的词性和句子的意思，两者之间应该是被动关系，所以只能用view的过去分词形式。
! \6 z6 N. Q; p8 |例2：Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile. S4___________
解析：动词avoid后面应该用动词的现在分词形式。mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit，advise, appreciate, avoid, finish, face, practise, suggest, stop, delay, imagine, include, keep, quit, resist, risk等这些词后面都要跟动词的现在分词形式。
例3：Culture refers to the social heritage of a people - the learned
patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a
population or society, include the expression of these patterns in S1__________
( _8 V- ?# ^' j! @% z0 k- q  G5 gmaterial things
解析：分析该句结构可知，谓语是refers to，因此include必须改成including才符合语法规范。
例4：Wear the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom. S6.________
解析：分析句子语法结构可知，主语为Wear the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand整句话，但动词不能作主语，所以要使用其动名词形式，将wear 改为wearing。
* m' Z& q3 T* B4 `9 A$ x/ K6 F二、巩固与拓展
1．Whether women who have started a career will attain pay equality with men rest on at least two factors. __________
2．They believed it was good business to hire men, women and children
4 q6 d% F' z# W" }" v* f1 Kas cheaply as possible, make them to work as they could and, when they _____
- W' R/ b2 A5 i$ R, Zbecame inefficient, worn out, or unable to work for any reason, discharging them. _______
3．Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to
explain how things happen and thus originating the method of controlled __________
experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.
4．A move body would slow down unless a force was constantly applied to it. __________
  ~5 D0 J- Q8 W+ m  g: I6 \三、综合训练
In the 500 years, nothing about people --- not their clothes, ideas,
or languages--- have changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate 1.__
drink was made of the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American 2.______
Indians. The Spanish introduced them to the rest of the world during the 1500s. 3._
$ L; B7 f5 w% Q0 R: ^* U; L+ pAnd although it was very expensive, but it quickly became fashionable. 4. ______
3 Q% D0 L& P( b- v8 gIn London, shops chocolate drinks were served became important 5.____
7 n' ?. R0 P0 d  q5 ]4 hmeeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600s, the Spanish bought it 6.___
from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became very 7. ____
! H3 }5 q2 A! }dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crops were failed 8.____
" B. b+ |( k' f8 E7 N+ e5 ?& ~5 Iduring the “ potato Famine” of 1645 -1646, and thousands more were forced
: ]7 M+ x; G3 \5 g% Z2 _6 G/ d# y6 @to emigrate to America.
# t) X/ I! E0 H2 ^& OThere are many other foods that have traveled from south Africa to the Old
  E& j5 n: ?# v" t. }  C, sWorld. But some others went for the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s 9._
  Q: q' V% q- P! C/ ~largest grower of coffee, but coffee is an important crop in Colombia and 10.__
other South American countries.

会计考友

参考答案及解析
* d' j1 ], d; O* I二、巩固与拓展
/ H& H" c$ v: K& H$ u' J1. rest -> rests
分析句子的语法结构可知，主语是whether引导的名词性从句，rest是谓语，单个从句作主语时，谓语也应该为相应的第三人陈单数。
2. to -> /；discharging -> discharge
解析第二空：根据句子的法结构，hire, make, discharge是三个并列的动词（根据第二句的and可知），所以三个动词的形式都应该保持一致。
3 |7 k" b5 B( ?8 r3．originating -> originated
# M/ v/ Q/ ]6 _7 g7 v6 g并列句不对称。and后面的thus说明并列句的第二部分是和前面的began对应的，而非began后的trying对应，所以应该将originating改为originated
; ]) J; [) D/ N# U2 d. q4. move -> moving
& G$ d+ [  O  K* t+ T7 A此处的move用来修是名词body，应该用现在分词，作形容词，表示正在进行的。

三、综合训练
( I' P# u4 q( y1 c4 |3 @1．have -> has
本句的主语是nothing，破折号里面只是插入语，所以谓语应该用第三人称单数。
2．of -> from
" ~: U1 Z# i$ S3 i+ z这里考查be made of 和be made from的辨析。原料加工后完全变了样，这是用be made from；原料加工后仍可辩认，这时用be made of. 句中指“咖啡饮料是由咖啡树种子制成的”，由于原料无法辨认，所以用be made from。
! g3 H  e2 [( V, w# M& O. |' p3．them -> it
考查代词一致。句中是说西班牙人引进巧克饮料，指上文中的chocolate drink，故用it。
% d" r: r  |) I3 Z2 [0 G* J4．but -> /
在一个句子中，(al)though 和but不可同时连用。
. _' |- h; F# H9 _% e5．shops后加where
本句的主干应该是shops became meeting places，而中间那句是定语从句修饰shops，并且shops在从句中左地点状语，所以应该在shops后加上where。
7 t+ ]( S4 [" i- M3 X6．bought -> brought
+ `! w5 H. s* o3 O) p8 g形近词辨析。根据句子的意思，土豆应该是被从秘鲁带到欧洲，而不是被买到欧洲。
7．very -> so
# P5 ?6 V0 K# r) ?* g8 K; ?本句为so…that…结构
8．were -> /
/ H2 J7 j+ C( rfail 在句中作不及物动词，不能用被动语态。
9．for -> in
考查固定搭配，in the opposite direction，direction应该与in搭配。
9 ]0 _; [$ ]  @% {10．but -> and