Culture refers to the social heritage of a people --- the learned & D5 W! J8 ~2 h' r
patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a+ d7 k7 G/ t% x% j; t0 B
population or society, include the expression of these pattems in ___1____' g# S0 p# P+ \- M6 a( @
material things. Culture is compose of nonmaterial culture --- ____2____% G4 J! x8 @- z. s# ?4 ?% _+ }# f
abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs and institutional7 E* O5 x& K( Q g9 D; H( c
arrangements - and material culture - physical object like ____3____
2 k0 }1 X8 d2 o& ?3 p: a cooking pots, computers and bathtubs. In sum, culture reflects+ I. k7 [/ f% P5 t% D
both the ideas we share or everything we make. In ordinary ____4____
k$ W. k4 i( n0 q speech, a person of culture is the individual can speak another ____5____
& S9 y( ^" e' l* c0 {( n language - the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, ____6____9 c/ M+ V4 H, l. l; p. w
literature, philosophy, or history. But to sociologists, to be3 \- I7 C3 M& I H8 K. l u# ~
human is to be cultured, because of culture is the common world ___7____5 l, _ L s1 J' a( K
of experience we share with other members of our group.; a p6 x. \( u+ h3 A
Culture is essentially to our humanness. It provides a kind ____8____
6 w$ F& L; g `! S) [+ @# {0 I; p/ O2 Y of map for relating to others. Consider how you fred your way% Z; z) ~& f2 Y- w* C. J. f) z' |
about social life. How do you know how to act in a classroom,
0 ~8 }! z" t4 ? @/ o" k" \ or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh ____9____
7 P3 v5 @7 J/ M r2 r at you? Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, ____10____
. ]0 c" a& G0 d& C) I ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations.
4 I8 L1 y, W9 w1 q+ h% s0 P; E Therefore, if we know a person's culture, we can understand
1 v+ O0 y* D* f and even predict a good deal of his behavior.
, v/ ]7 T. S# P) V. q5 Y参考答案及解析:
* l/ o( X' l5 Y$ ~2 [, W( F 1. include -> including
/ Q _* L1 l N0 p& f; K% }+ @ 2. compose -> composed / comprised
/ ~0 r( n& Z6 K$ ~: g( g 此出的意思是“由…组成”,固定搭配有be composed / comprised of,be made up of,consist of。
: ^7 F g& Z/ ?1 Z. h 3. object -> objects( @& ]' B1 a" r! w* X+ q
Object是可是名词,一般说来可数名词以单数形式出现时要有不定代词或冠词修饰,而在此没有任何冠词,而且上下文对应的均使用了复数形式,所以应该把object改为复数。
3 `; f" o) l5 K) X/ d- m* q 4. or -> and
# Z q. y( r% Y7 Z& p" L. b 此处是固定搭配both…and…。
5 x, J, v# [' z. ? 5. individual后加who / that
( X1 G9 {+ m5 E; M- n 这句话出现了两个谓语动词,在英语中不符合语法规范。从上下文可以看出individual后面的部分是修饰individual的定语从句,缺少了引导词,所以应该加上who或that。3 B) Q7 b2 T+ |- ^* J
6. unfamiliar -> familiar$ Q5 k3 g) Y3 L! a( c
根据常识,“文化人”应该是“熟悉艺术、音乐…”的人,因此把否定改为肯定。$ m; {; }1 y5 ?" @6 x' Q/ Q
7. of -> /! I) O4 o3 N0 L0 `* c" X
表示原因时,because后跟从句,because of后跟名词性质的词或词组。此处是从句,所以把of去掉。( v0 I) l5 c2 L$ u4 r9 I
8. essentially -> essential
: m. N6 n: }* g5 n9 z ~ ] be后面的表语不能用副词。% Q" @2 d1 @ [& I# z$ d
9. laugh -> laughs& l3 W H% K+ v
此处的smile和laugh是并列成分,作定语从句修饰person,又因为先行词person是单数,所以从句的谓语也要用单数。" N% `4 K; z7 D. S4 u' b4 F, d ~) S
10. by -> with
+ {( y' [1 c) @( c0 i0 H: s) }. | 此处是固定搭配supply sb with sth |