2011年12月英语六级短文改错强化训练(2)

会计考友

本期重点：动词 　　动词的考查主要集中在非谓语动词误用和及物动词、不及物动词的混淆上。非谓语动词误用主要体现在分词和过去分词的混淆，如将a puzzling question误用为a puzzled question;遇到某些特殊的动词还要考虑它们要跟动词不定式还是动名词，还是两者都可以但是含义不同，例如regret doing 意思为“后悔做…”，而regret to do意思为“遗憾做…”;还有动名词和不定式做句子的宾语和主语问题。及物动词、不及物动词很好理解，如survive一词是及物动词，因此“在地震中生存下来”就是survive the earthquake，而非survive in the earthquake，此时应该去掉介词in;有时候，在不及物动词后面又少了相应的介词，要加上。
　　考点例析
4 c2 Z$ h( |7 C% y. W　　例1：Viewing biologically, the modern footballer is revealed S1._________
　　as a member of a disguised hunting pack
3 R9 R( N! e: ~( U6 Q2 X　　解析：本句的主语the modern footballer是view的逻辑主语，根据view的词性和句子的意思，两者之间应该是被动关系，所以只能用view的过去分词形式。
* |* c1 R) h7 `' b  N3 w3 ~　　例2：Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile. S4___________
　　解析：动词avoid后面应该用动词的现在分词形式。mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape consider, admit，advise, appreciate, avoid, finish, face, practise, suggest, stop, delay, imagine, include, keep, quit, resist, risk等这些词后面都要跟动词的现在分词形式。
3 _9 U* i% S. K/ j　　例3：Culture refers to the social heritage of a people - the learned
　　patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a
- h0 r; R/ T4 o6 N　　population or society, include the expression of these patterns in S1__________
8 m( |& R. o* n/ n8 U# a# x　　material things
　　解析：分析该句结构可知，谓语是refers to，因此include必须改成including才符合语法规范。
# n9 G# r  Z+ V; v3 w8 F　　例4：Wear the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom. S6.________
0 z+ ^8 g/ e' Z6 y+ w# N- Z　　解析：分析句子语法结构可知，主语为Wear the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand整句话，但动词不能作主语，所以要使用其动名词形式，将wear 改为wearing。

　　

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巩固与拓展</p>　　1.Whether women who have started a career will attain pay equality with men rest on at least two factors. __________
　　2.They believed it was good business to hire men, women and children
　　as cheaply as possible, make them to work as they could and, when they _____
　　became inefficient, worn out, or unable to work for any reason, discharging them. _______
4 L8 u9 H! c' \  z& W) g　　3.Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to
　　explain how things happen and thus originating the method of controlled __________
4 l* U' _$ N. g; G3 G0 Q; j8 b　　experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.
　　4.A move body would slow down unless a force was constantly applied to it. __________
　　综合训练
　　In the 500 years, nothing about people --- not their clothes, ideas,
　　or languages--- have changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate 1.__
+ Y) V% N6 g6 E+ H* K2 [　　drink was made of the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American 2.______
　　Indians. The Spanish introduced them to the rest of the world during the 1500s. 3._
　　And although it was very expensive, but it quickly became fashionable. 4. ______
　　In London, shops chocolate drinks were served became important 5.____
3 W  _! s* l8 t( f4 N5 o, K0 [　　meeting places. Some still exist today.
　　The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600s, the Spanish bought it 6.___
　　from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became very 7. ____
　　dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crops were failed 8.____
' W1 N* P9 p. r, N7 e　　during the “ potato Famine” of 1645 -1646, and thousands more were forced
　　to emigrate to America.
) k  J& f: b8 g　　There are many other foods that have traveled from south Africa to the Old
9 s2 L" G( w0 Q' ?/ `0 t( N　　World. But some others went for the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s 9._
4 m' A! _1 u" [# Q& q1 R* _　　largest grower of coffee, but coffee is an important crop in Colombia and 10.__
　　other South American countries.

会计考友

参考答案及解析</p>　　巩固与拓展
1 I( V( U; }+ Z3 E% ]　　1. rest -> rests
　　分析句子的语法结构可知，主语是whether引导的名词性从句，rest是谓语，单个从句作主语时，谓语也应该为相应的第三人陈单数。
) L2 ~0 f# @0 v) D' E/ F2 [9 I　　2. to -> /;discharging -> discharge
　　解析第二空：根据句子的法结构，hire, make, discharge是三个并列的动词(根据第二句的and可知)，所以三个动词的形式都应该保持一致。
9 s' v$ x, C4 z* N% x　　3.originating -> originated
4 e3 M5 s/ m( \9 L　　并列句不对称。and后面的thus说明并列句的第二部分是和前面的began对应的，而非began后的trying对应，所以应该将originating改为originated
　　4. move -> moving
' f  X3 @. r- g# c　　此处的move用来修是名词body，应该用现在分词，作形容词，表示正在进行的。

会计考友

</p>　　综合训练
  @: t: Y/ ?( Q) K　　1.have -> has
% F  g3 q+ s2 n" G　　本句的主语是nothing，破折号里面只是插入语，所以谓语应该用第三人称单数。
7 p' H" U% \/ `( I: i# P! v) v  ^　　2.of -> from
3 U, a! X% U( m6 K# d; {! D　　这里考查be made of 和be made from的辨析。原料加工后完全变了样，这是用be made from;原料加工后仍可辩认，这时用be made of. 句中指“咖啡饮料是由咖啡树种子制成的”，由于原料无法辨认，所以用be made from。
　　3.them -> it
　　考查代词一致。句中是说西班牙人引进巧克饮料，指上文中的chocolate drink，故用it。
( I( h& K( j- N; D% M; l/ c　　4.but -> /
　　在一个句子中，(al)though 和but不可同时连用。
$ e' I5 |7 L. G) M* k　　5.shops后加where
　　本句的主干应该是shops became meeting places，而中间那句是定语从句修饰shops，并且shops在从句中左地点状语，所以应该在shops后加上where。
( Z% T& ^- e, d　　6.bought -> brought
# j) [; o' f" x( J　　形近词辨析。根据句子的意思，土豆应该是被从秘鲁带到欧洲，而不是被买到欧洲。
& k9 M! [9 y, d( H+ g- |7 c1 b　　7.very -> so
! H8 T: N& a5 t8 ~( N& p　　本句为so…that…结构
　　8.were -> /
　　fail 在句中作不及物动词，不能用被动语态。
　　9.for -> in
　　考查固定搭配，in the opposite direction，direction应该与in搭配。
6 B: @$ d2 @' X( d　　10.but -> and