易混词主要考查近义词混用和形近词混淆。英语词汇中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似,如assure / ensure, rise / arise /raise, effect / affect, adopt / adapt,likely / probable,accept / receive,like / as,cost / spend等, 但是它们的用法却迥然不同。这些易混淆的词构成六级改错的一个重要错误类型。* a: }4 f3 g5 Z4 [
考点例析:
7 b% L' }- x2 A 例1: His persistence was awarded when the car finally started. ________5 a+ X$ X4 O, z& {% H2 @
解析:句中“award”是“颁发,授予(奖赏)”之义,而文中想要表达的意思是“汽车终于启动了,那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报。”应把award改成reward。. b9 I1 ] ?& @: j
例2:A diversity committee composed of reporters, editors, and! j) Z0 z+ J& ]
photographers meets regularly to value the Seattle Times’ S5.________
/ ~# o1 B" \. H7 G0 r7 i0 ?4 ^ content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff about8 s( P7 d6 f, w/ ]
diversity issues./ H$ L5 U2 u1 q+ S- U
解析:动词value有两个含义:第一,to think that someone or something is important,比如I value our friendship。第二,to decide how much money something is worth,比如we decide to get this house valued。不论哪个含义,用于此都不适合。从文中可以推测这些人碰头人是为了judge how good, useful, or successful the paper is,因此要用evaluate。5 |3 R, V* q) Z+ c% k
例3:Leprosy is caused by bacteria spread through liquid from the nose
. a7 L0 ~8 b0 ]8 o2 X% F+ E and mouth. The disease mainly effects the skin and nerves. S4.________0 s$ M2 I4 u5 e& r
解析:effect 作动词时意为“产生,招致(某种结果);实现,完成”,但此处需要表示“影响”,故将effects -> affects.7 Z, V2 C: ]6 M- E2 R5 E
巩固与拓展
, Q# k. X; o( z% H: s% ^ 1. His success result from part in his ability to sell the product and# J+ s9 } h: G d* `
in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economical __________
! s, q. V ]* p. B decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.7 Y# _+ R8 K' X+ n' F
2. There is a train which leaves London at 5pm and: k- n1 p. F" f5 b' Q' h% y
arrives Cambridge at 6:45pm. __________$ z4 o9 a2 y" a
3. In fact, psychologists adapt a similar approach to scientists in other fields ______
% y% n1 X' F$ h- c: o- A8 E' r 4. They are far more probable to report that they don’t have the time to ______( ?. x# v) `6 p% B5 E
read the papers and have no interest in the content.
8 _; G% K% D5 x8 V 5. Ever since the enclosures, wool and then woolen cloth" {/ u% c2 z# p2 P# X
had been the principle exports of England ________
0 O* R' T: u8 T1 E+ _8 o3 R4 a1 @7 K 综合训练
# p% l1 e5 G2 H% z1 j+ k4 m' b A “typical” British family used to consist of mother, father and two% A7 C9 l6 x9 g' Y+ o) @
children, and in recent years there have been many changes in family 1.____4 A: V# L7 ]$ d( D8 P. `7 h
life. Some of these have been caused by new laws and other 2. _____% v( Y4 G1 a9 R& b2 ?8 N3 A
are the result of changes in society. For example, for the law 3.___9 }. F5 \+ u0 s8 J4 u% Q4 V
made easier to get a divorce, the number of divorces has increased. 4. ______6 u5 ?+ w0 f. i: Z1 D
In fact, one marriage in every three now end in divorce. This means that 5. ______
8 s; \$ `9 t) z/ G9 N C- x there are a lot of one-parent families. Society is now more tolerant than it
4 \. K3 @5 W+ c8 ~; b. V used to be with unmarried people, unmarried couples and single parents. 6._____1 o: y" y: y8 C( j2 y
Another change has been caused by the fact people are living longer 7. ____, o' N7 m5 o0 q
nowadays, and many old people lives alone following the death of their
i6 i2 p2 L( c" ^! r: ?& I* ] partners. As a cause of these changes in the pattern of people’s lives, there 8.____9 @( N7 q& A% D6 x4 S( I4 X5 _" U
are many families consist of only one person or one person and children. .9._____% L+ [" H7 M# g9 _
You might think that marriage and the families are not so popular as they8 p9 t0 O0 F7 L( X4 @, s7 |$ U( B
once are. However, the majority of divorced people marry again and they 10._____
/ \# d9 q2 g8 Q2 k sometimes take responsibility for a second family. |