There are many reasons for studying what philosophers have( o" R- S/ J$ c, u) x
said in the past. One is that we cannot divide the history of philosophy 1.____
% E6 G4 b5 A- w3 ?5 }) ?# Lfrom which of science. Philosophy is large discussion about matters 2.______0 O; J a) ?0 P4 E4 O/ D
in which few people are quite certain, and those few hold opposite 3.______% p u9 I5 ~# ^9 b
opinions. As knowledge increases, philosophy buds off the sciences.& j3 V5 u2 P+ Q) a
For example, in the ancient world and the Middle Ages philosophers 6 C0 Z+ E7 F; T& A6 r
discuss motion. Aristole and St. Thomas Aquinas thought that a 4.______
, D2 ]; M/ ^6 R; v' Jmove body would slow down unless a force were constantly applied to it 5.____
4 t' p9 K! M# F( p; @They were right. It goes on moving unless something slows it down. But 6.____/ l* L: M0 T# c$ T# y
they had good arguments on their side, and if we study these and the: i: f( b R8 h; \
experiments proved them right, this will help us distinguish truth 7.____
6 _# [. g* W- ~from false in the scientific controversies of today. We also see how
) v9 K; s" @( G& ?2 L# i/ Dphilosophers reflects social life of his day. Plato and Aristole,5 c3 f# {7 A+ F( d
in the slave-owning society of ancient Greece， thought man’s high state 8._____9 ~( j' [, H9 E* V9 \$ z6 f
was contemplation rather than activity. In the Middle Ages St. Thomas
: ?( e4 Z+ N( kbelieved a regularly feudal system of nine ranks of angels. Herbert 9.______
( k6 |# [0 M4 CSpencer, in the time of free competition between capitalists, found the key) o0 O0 ^+ I) [/ t
to progress as the survival of the fittest. Thus Marxism is seeing to fit into 10.___
/ \3 Q& q n% x/ I* f6 d; o7 S; H0 @its place as the philosophy for the workers, the only class with a future. y6 a$ m5 x: t
1. divide -%26gt; separate, k3 ?2 {: G7 q. M
divide的意思是“分开”，用法为divide into；separate的意思是“分开”，用法是separate from。此句后面又介词from，故要用separate。
! s5 F0 C" f1 `( d; t$ @2．which -%26gt; that
+ G6 K" X/ D% F2 I- ~9 ~: D此处并非任何从句，而应使用代词指代上文的history，故用that，which没有这种用法。
/ R9 o! W5 T$ L. ~* k3．in -%26gt; about" @+ P9 T1 _1 d+ ~2 q5 C* D3 P
be certain 后面只能用介词about，此处是把这个代词提到了定语从句关系代词which的前面而已，故将in 改成about。/ V% a/ V# S" U7 c
4. discuss -%26gt; discussed
. U1 ~; ~2 l6 Y6 j1 [+ e此句的时间状语是in the ancient world and the Middle Ages，所以谓语用一般过去时。
# ?9 b! k% [* m* r0 ?: M( Z5．move -%26gt; moving
- `; f. ?9 e* N1 `# L; [" F7 d此处用来修饰名词body，应该使用现在分词作形容词，表示正在进行的、主动的动作。2 t3 k- p7 R/ i5 _1 p! N6 ]
6. right -%26gt; wrong3 j" M) H% y8 \) P
根据上下文，这里说中世纪的很多科学家对于运动的观点都是错误的，其后还进一步说明错在哪里。
5 z( U+ r# L$ [4 {0 V7. experiments后加which或that
M1 W a) q+ R& {3 H! gproved及其后部分应该是用来修饰experiments的定语从句，但是缺少从句的关系代词和主语。关系代词在定语从句中作主语不能省略。0 v8 y! e' ~- ^3 O! N
8. high -%26gt; highest7 \% s3 o5 W2 m+ o9 I2 R5 A1 W
词处指人类的最高境界。
) h) ]+ i0 K) h9. regularly -%26gt; regular" O& \% B4 o6 M4 _
此处的regular和feudal并列修饰system。+ i8 Q0 Y, u* m( p
10. seeing -%26gt; seen |
发表于 2012-8-14 10:46:58
