专业四级新闻部分应试策略

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　　新闻部分向来是英语专业学生在专业四级考试听力部分的难点。本文以O5，O6，O7三年专四新题型新闻部分的真题为例，将考试题目大致划分为四类，不同的题型选用不同的应试策略，分别加以分析及说明。
: K* m3 I/ t( y2 B7 S6 |+ i! M! r　　一、专四新闻简叙专业四级的新闻部分由于题材广泛，语法结构复杂，多采用句式合并的方法以及新词汇的高频出现，学生难以掌握命题方向及出题特点，学生往往能听懂材料，却也不能选出正确选项， 向来成为英语专业学生在TEM4考试中听力部分得分率最低的一个部分。
　　二、题型分类根据历年真题的命题方向及特点，按照题型的划分，新闻部分的题目设置大概可以划分为以下的四种类型：主旨题，细节题，推理题，对错判断题。
6 |" {  F" y( S1 W4 r　　三、针对不同题型的应试策略
　　1． 主旨题一导语掌握法主旨题是每年的新闻听力考试题型中定会出现的一类题型。题目经常以What is the main idea oft．be news?／What does the news item mainly report?的形式出现。根据专四新闻的结构特点，就其写作形式而言，常使用倒金字塔结构。所谓倒金字塔结构是指在新闻报道中把最重要的新闻事实放在整个报导的开头(作为导语“lead'’)，把次要的新闻事实放在导语之后；把最不重要的新闻事实放在整个报导的末尾。导语部分是整个新闻报道的精华，是对整个新闻报道的概括。因此，在主旨题中，考生只要能够听懂导语的表述，就能够很好地把握主旨题。
　　【例1】Whatdoesthenewsmainly report?(2005真题第 23题) A． China will send thl'ee people into space in a week． B． Three Chinese astronauts will spend a week in space． C． The Shenzhou V1 will be launched next year． D． ShenzhouV circledthe earthfortwodays．分析：根据导语“China has said it has decided Oil putting three people into space in a week，”the Ch ． ina service said Oil Tuesday．找出对应的答案为B．
　　【例2】What is news item mainly about?(2OO6真题第 26题) A． Indonesian government polices B． Australia’s support to the UN assistance mission C． Opening of all Australian consulate in East Timor D． Talks between Australia and Indonesia 分析：根据导语The Indonesian government has given oficial approval for all Australian consulate in Dili．找出对应答案为C．
　　【例3】What is the news mainly about?(2007真题第29 题) A． Religious violence B． Refugee issue C． Aferry disaster D． A rescue operation 分析：根据导语一An Indonesian ferry,packed with hundreds of refugee violence in the mvaged Spice Island sank yesterday，and it was not clear whether any one has survived， rescue oficials said．找出对应答案为C． 2． 细节题一问题答案合并法细节题是新闻题型中所占比例较高的一种题型。很多同学的感慨是听新闻时太多细节，因此很难把握能在选项中选出正确答案。细节题的关键不在于你能够听到多少的细节，而在于你能否找到题目的题点(pointtothequestion)。对于此种题型的应试策略为：首先找到题目中的关键词或者短语，在听材料的过程中能够增加对问题的敏感度，以便更容易听到题点；听到题点之后，便可采用问题答案合并法，即问题与答案出现在同一个句子中间，很容易找到正确答案。
5 O5 D% p! x9 ~* b6 ]! I　　【例4】It is predicted that by 2020 China will receiving — — visitors．(2005真题第27题) A． 77million B． 130 million C． 36．8 miUiOil D． 10o million 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词by 2020，China，再找出包含题目及答案的句子By 2020．it will be top with predictions of 130，000，000 visitors per year．找出对应答案为 B．
　　【例5】Who will provide the distribution networks in the joint venture?(2006真题第28题) A． Unilever B． Nestle C． PepsiCo D． CocaCola 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词provide the distribution 找出包含题目及答案的句子PepsiCois contributingits bodily facilities and distribution networks to the alliance while Unilever provides the famous tea brand and recipe．找出对应答案为C．
( C5 R/ @) |0 n" D. V7 t: V
　　【例6】How many settlements would have to be removed altogether in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank? (2007真题第22题) A． 2 B． 4 C． 21 D． 25 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词settlements，be removed， altogether,再找出包含题目及答案的句子He’d asked Israel to removeall 21 settlersintheGazaStrip，and4in theWestBank．找出对应答案D． 3． 推理题一句式句意转换法推理题一向是各种题型中最难的一类，一般不能直接听到答案，而需要对新闻中的某句话进行句式或句意上的转换。对于此类题型，可以参照细节题的方法，同样先找出题目中的关键词，在新闻中听到考点后迅速进行句式或句意上的转换，再找出答案。

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</p>　　【例7】Thefirewerethoughtto have been started (2005 真题第25题) A． purposefully B． accidentally C． On theMexican border D． in southern California 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词fire，start，利用句式合并法找出对应的句子The authority said they were seeking two men in connection with the fire，which they be lieved were started deliberately．解题的关键在于找到started deliberately 的同义转述started purposefully．找出对应答案为A．
　　【例8—1 — ranks second among leading tourism nations． (2005真题第26题) A． Fran ce B． Th e United States C． Spain D． Italy 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词rank second，利用句式合并法找出对应的句子France remains the most popular destination，receiving more than 77，000，000 visitors folowed by Spain．the United States and Italy．解题的关键在于找到 rank second的对应部分folowed by Spain．找出对考试~大应答案为 C．
　　【例9】Th e ferry boat WaS designed to early — — passengers．(2007真题第30题) A． 198 B． 200 C． 290 D． 500 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词carry,passengers，利用句式合并法找出对应的句子Officials said the ship had a capacity 200 passengers? 解题的关键在于找到carry, passengers的对应部分me ship had a capacity 200 passengers．找出对应答案为B．四、对错判断题—细节答案对应法对错判断题同样是新闻中出现频率较高的题型，实际上也是一种细节题，只是要求学生对答案中的多个细节加以判断。对于此类题型，采用最多的是细节答案对应法，即在听新闻材料的过程中，听到题点，迅速找到对应得选项并要求做出对错判断。
! J, k, N( G' o) [& L, t- x1 Q% `　　【例10]Which of the folowing has NOT been afected bythewildfires?(2005真题第24题) A ． Houses B． Land C． Skies D． Cars 分析：首先找出题目中的关键词NOT been，afected by the wildfires，找出对应的句子Gigantic waves of flam that covered entire neighborhoodsan dfilled the skies over southern California with ash?排除对应答案C：找出对应句子They were reported to have destroyed 800 homes and consumed about 120，000 hectares of land排除对应答案A，B．找出答案为D．
" b% f: m# e) M4 W0 C) |4 B　　【例11】Wh ich ofthe following details is INCORRECT? (2006真题第25题) A． Th etwoferries sallkon diferentdays． B． Th e accidents were caused by storms． C． Th etwoferries sallkonthe sameriver． D． Morepeoplewererescuedfrom thefirstferry．分析：首先找出题目中的关键词details INCORRECT, 找出对应的句子Storms sallk two ferries in southern Bangladeshi on Sunday and?找出对应答案B 为correct detail；A为incorectdetail；找出对应句子One ofthe packed ferries? an d50wererescued；A secondferry sallkonthe same riverjust one kilometer away? ．，after 6 were rescued 找出对应答案C，D为correct details．找出答案为A．