二、在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
W+ T A k, k8 v1 ]) N 由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
9 o2 I" b/ n$ ?2 g# b 表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
$ z# @5 _: |0 T4 F 表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
( T/ m- ^: I# K" y' n& o3 |- } 表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order& [2 [% P C- T" g* ~
表示“主张”的：maintain, urge0 a0 K$ {, e) J! ?2 S, e
表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist
- }) x5 I8 s9 l# y# h) E5 E 例如：8 o1 J2 D9 ~/ Y+ d
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.7 d" A4 p7 e+ m4 O3 r g. L
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
- N$ q# d3 b5 k$ M9 S/ i' }" k: q 3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job. ”(当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。); T- c5 @& C4 L9 M
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。): q0 \( s' b) F+ p0 ^& M9 f
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an Englishspeaking country. (我们建议学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。)+ v8 P* z; U2 e) Y+ X
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中虚拟语气很普遍，其结构如：
/ e) @" S0 f" L7 t |: t( }3 M3 O order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +... (should) do& ?& [9 I# Y" |% d! i, c" E
6.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week., b8 d4 C# G7 T8 B' }- C1 w
7.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
% N" J# l4 f: v9 X. n9 F" _6 f 但注意：在insist 后的从句中, 如果是坚持自己, 用陈述语气, 坚持别人做什么事情, 用虚拟语气.! z W4 z( H' |% o/ g
8.she insists that she is right.1 @6 S+ S8 e* c4 [9 y
9.she insisted that I should finish the work at once.4 Q9 q! ~' ~( d0 O
或者说，suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
( V6 Z% \# W& J* b 10.The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.4 C3 t& o7 k( N
判断改错:' J. k! f1 |3 l- q0 |; ?
(错)11. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
% p4 w! K ~1 [, m, E! x/ K8 r6 e (对)12. Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
$ C0 ^, A7 T/ [( N5 \! }+ t (错)13. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
* P: @$ ]0 s( }* @ e8 b5 G (对)14. I insisted that you were wrong.
. g& C& b, x# J$ j4 R. D1 D 例题分析：15.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o'clock at night.' x9 @! r' d [! R& a$ w
A. were not played B. not be played- r w7 J' w% K! o
C. not to play D. did not play6 I( M% C, V2 n1 j
全句意思是：“旅馆管理部门恳请客人晚上11点后不要打开收音机”。句中的谓语动词request（请求）所引出的从句应当用虚拟语气，即动词原形或“should＋动词原形”。本句的主语从句中，主语radio是谓语动词play 的客体，谓语应当用被动语态。所以，答案是C) not be played。在上述这类句子中不能用动词过去时形式表示虚拟语气，所以A)不正确。选项B) not to play是动词带to的不定式，不能在句中作谓语。选项D)did not play也是动词play的过去时形式，同样不能在本句中作为虚拟语气来使用。而且，它是主动语态形式，而本题要用被动语态。3 S/ X9 h* J0 n L% E
练习：
+ x4 g' A5 b& x" G9 C$ U& t; ^) l 16). The chairman requested that .) }9 i! R: ~$ z1 {/ p8 O, v
［A］the members studied more carefully the problem F. l" m0 O, F8 v8 }+ `8 c
［B］the problem was more carefulnessly studied7 \- e5 G3 n6 E9 x
［C］with more carefulness the problem could be studied
- P$ c! j6 F4 C, G ［D］the members study the problem more carefully7 Y0 P- F' h1 a3 W( F* N% |( a
17). The committee recommends that the matter at the next meeting .9 [! ~- [) c- ^9 Z6 l
［A］would be discussed
/ T- \" f- h& v! k4 |+ t _ ［B］will be discussed; D, L$ {; V) p" |4 D4 }
［C］be discussed
/ h- j) Y* X9 @! \3 v1 ] ［D］may be discussed- ?% ~! O9 B* y, Q/ {) n' {
18). The doctor insisted that his patient .
e' a' W% `/ I, J& V ［A］that he not work too hard for three months
5 I% V0 p( E4 x' i3 R8 a) | ［B］take it easy for three months
! F8 d9 i- ^/ a2 r1 V ［C］taking it easy inside of three months
$ n* t+ L, `; h; e ［D］to take some vacations for three months |
发表于 2012-8-14 11:20:45
