增强英语语句表现力的有效方法# R; e1 ]- E& Q) \& m C' ?7 v; h* J
一、避免使用语意弱的“be”动词。' [" ]( I4 ^; r1 N6 E" Y; }! F
1、把句中的表语转换为不同的修饰语。例如:
9 S& `( p- i# R- @$ \ Weak: The trees are bare. The grass is brown. The landscape seems drab.# q0 B/ D3 z% \5 r; _
Revision:The brown grass and bare trees form a drab landscape. (转换为前置定语)/ e3 X6 T7 Z: R/ L' Y; i
Or: The landscape, bare and brown, begged for spring green. (转换为并列结构作后置定 语)! U1 [3 b$ g$ f, O/ x
2、将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。例如:
. S9 H) K% b3 N8 A. g 1) Weak: The team members are good players.
& T6 g" p9 W c: F Revision: The team members play well.& B0 p- e2 i$ ?: q- \% F
2) Weak: One worker's plan is the elimination of tardiness.$ d( r( N, `( G2 x( J/ x9 w9 w
Revision: One worker's plan eliminates tardiness.
7 M% m. I+ A2 F3 J c w 3、在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中,把“be”动词后的名词代词变成改写句的主语。例 如:
0 ]# j" y# T; H5 B 1) Weak: There is no opportunity for promotion.
, |9 L' A' x8 b7 O: ^" k Revision: No opportunity for promotion exists.
4 z7 P7 A* O6 I 2) Weak: Here are the books you ordered.
2 A, Y/ ?) l( r1 j- ` Revision: The books you ordered have arrived.
7 ]( _9 r, x" C$ j$ p: e 二、多用语意具体的动词,保持句意简洁明了。例如:1 d1 l0 o5 `, {0 _5 }, M s3 `
1、Poor: My supervisor went past my desk.+ G8 V* {$ b# H
Better: My supervisor sauntered (=walked slowly) past my desk. E" H1 b. W2 B z0 F
2、Poor: She is a careful shopper.- ^1 W# Z3 u3 `; a
Better: She compares prices and quality.
, X9 ]. o# _5 I( r5 Z; B: N 三、尽量运用主动语态。例如:
: ?. K) g1 O1 D/ H" H/ v 1、Weak: The organization has been supported by charity.3 J" p; q* K, ` s0 k) G7 d6 s4 y
Better: Charity has supported the organization.! H m: @5 j% f
2、Weak: The biscuits were stacked on a plate.
8 T: O; g+ g) g8 H: m! X Better: Mother stacked the biscuits on a plate.
! Y( o7 w: g+ D! E4 Q5 g 四、防止使用语意冗长累赘的词语。例如:7 t/ ]" n" X6 [& \* U1 g7 F' b
1、Wordy: My little sister has a preference for chocolate milk.+ o! n* D! N+ e$ B& s2 X
Improved: My little sister prefers chocolate milk.4 L: k& Z) N% @- Z; w0 _
2、Wordy: We are in receipt of your letter and intend to follow your recommendations.
& _' {4 E$ D4 d( N Improved: We have received your letter and intended to follow your recommendation.$ U: S% \& C8 ~7 a2 I6 k; X) L5 w
3、Redundant: We had a serious crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.8 O" I/ v% M. q$ p* n! _4 V( ^
Improved: We had a crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.
" s) \4 R- ^9 E 4、Redundant: My sister and I bought the same, identical dress in different stores.. [4 H& |7 K( A$ I9 B
Improved: My sister and I bought the same dress in different stores.
" P* Y* ]; F# V& ~ 五、杜绝滥用陈旧词语或难懂的专业术语。例如:: ?- T% x; J8 m
1、Weak: They will not agree to his proposals in any shape or form.6 s! N# y8 T$ z5 N. a+ m1 G
Improved: They will not agree to any of his proposals.
4 ^! Z" t, F& m! g' w 2、Weak: I need her financial input before I can guesstimate our expenditures next fall.0 i( L- h+ }& ?# T
Improved: I need her financial figures before I can estimate our expenditures next fall |