Most people would describe water like a colorless liquid. They __1__
# L' p, `' ]6 ^ would know that in very cold conditions it becomes a solid called
0 g5 o, ~5 q0 a- ]. S9 Y ice and that when heating on a fire it becomes a vapor called steam. __2__* S. q6 R) p, X
However, water, they would say, is a liquid. We have learned that
' L; J# z+ ?& K0 n$ J# Y water consists of molecules composed with two atoms of hydrogen __3__9 g; T9 }/ w" k$ v/ C
and one atom of oxygen, which we describe by the formula H2O.
0 o H; v$ o5 B% u1 M4 _ This is equally true of the solid called ice and the gas called steam.
* [6 g) k' C- C Chemically there is no difference between the gas, the liquid, and; T, ^" ]2 u5 l) q3 I' A/ f. ]
the solid, all of which is made up of molecules with the formula H2O. __4__' G; E) }/ Y6 q+ `8 D# v6 T: S4 T, ?
This is true of other chemical substances; most of them can exist as2 F5 ?+ h7 e4 K5 x3 r9 t+ j
gases or as liquids or as solids. We may normally think of iron as a
& h8 x3 t7 X' n& D% w7 B O4 V solid, but if we will heat it in a furnace, it will melt and become a __5__ k3 |/ s K1 v9 l, T' O0 R
liquid, and at very high temperatures it will become a gas. Nothing
1 J. B/ p! _- N( L6 j very permanent occurs when a gas changes into a liquid or a solid.& l$ _' Q9 I0 g: K. K! {3 B
Everyone knows that ice, which has been made by freezing water,3 A0 K$ u' n& A- C. z
can be melted again by warmed and that steam can be condensed __6__
+ L: ]7 k4 U3 X% o on a cold surface to become liquid water. In fact, it is only because6 n& g5 p) ~( r5 [( s2 K: E
water is so a familiar substance that different names are used for __7__( i5 E; S- Y$ {) X% U
the solid, liquid and gas. Most substances are only familiar with __8__
2 N* R- n0 Y {/ | us in one state, because the temperatures requiring to turn them __9__; ~+ R6 r! I0 e* v4 ]
into gases are very high, or the temperatures necessary to turn them( P& r" _/ Z, ]8 U G! \ D
into solids are so low. Water is an exception in this respect, which, x4 G. L. b$ d) {3 u# y
is another reason why its three states have given three different names. __10__
3 e1 @7 Q, l. f: ^- C2 ]" n8 d 参考答案及解析:
0 s9 ?4 H/ S6 w% l s, L 1. 改like为as; z$ F7 q& N; s# m& d% s& N
describe sth as sth 是把……描述成……的意思。" |2 X4 {+ w: t0 ^# O0 s6 l1 S
2. 改heating为heated% @; O; Q, U3 {
在时间,条件,让步等状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语是一致的时候,可以将从句的主语和be的变化形式省略。
4 m% h) r7 _: t g( |4 p* m 3. 改with为of
' {0 ?0 N5 k' ?* _/ k; \" O be composed of 意思为“包括,由……组成”
y! w+ c: w9 ^. [1 N1 N6 N: I 4. 改is made up 为 are made up
& p. ?" F0 D3 q6 G5 x which 指代上文中的 the gas, the liquid,and the solid,表示复数概念,所以要用are& u; I6 N C3 M3 H. G5 a( m
5. 将第一个will去掉8 R! }0 S2 I4 j# L j
在时间条件状语从句和条件状语从句中要用现在时表示将来时。
* r0 e8 V3 w, |& ]# q9 T* _ 6. by改为when& Y% q3 q2 T" }9 w; m1 R8 @* o2 w
when warm 相当于 when it is warmed
! n$ x4 F+ V1 K. u; R0 P 7. 改so为such3 C; }% m+ F: P1 P
8. 改with为to: ^; Q/ l3 f& b7 J9 h( J
短语familiar to 后面才能接“某人” familiar with 是接sth
2 i) i, `6 c4 @1 B$ s* q 9. 改requiring为required
4 c; x/ r7 D8 v 过去分词短语作后置定语时,和被修饰的名词时逻辑动宾关系。
$ b: q: T2 u _3 n& t# n/ A 10. have 后加 been( k; X' o# T1 ~& Z' N) ]
动词give和主语three states 是动宾关系 |