英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(四十九)

会计考友

　　DDT, the most powerful pesticide the world had ever known,
8 ^' F" z& J7 P4 e8 g1 o4 ~　　exposed nature’s vulnerability. Unlike most pesticides, which effect- __1__
　　tiveness is limited to destroy one or two types of insects, DDT is __2__
& E& u8 d, h9 y; h& U) g　　capable of killing hundreds of different kinds at once. Developed in
　　1939, it first distinguished itself during the World War II, cleaning __3__
' x9 [( Z9 c/ L. H9 \. j) T　　South Pacific islands of malaria-caused insects for U.S. troops, while __4__
　　in Europe being used as an effective de-lousing power. Its inventor
　　was awarded by the Nobel Prize. __5__
3 h8 A" h* i& f5 L　　When DDT became available for civilian use in 1945, there were
3 n- U* ?5 P5 {0 b, G" p　　only a few people who expressed the second thought about this __6__
　　new miracle compound. One was nature writer Edwin Way Teale,
5 X+ J/ g* i5 \+ `7 {6 k/ Q　　who warned, “A spray as discriminate as DDT can upset the economy __7__
  _' w$ g1 [) \) p4 Y: X　　of nature of all insects are good, but if they are killed, things __8__
* f) K& a! `$ C8 S; K6 w　　go out of kilter right away.” Another was Rachel Carson, who
/ Y4 _5 Z1 r  l7 u9 m1 a　　wrote to the Reader’s Digest to propose an article about series of __9__
　　tests on DDT being conducted not far from which she lived in Maryland. __10__
- O& x, p) |. ]' j　　答案及解析:
　　1.which—whose
　　whose在这里作关系限定词，与effectiveness构成名次词组在关系分句里作主语。whose的主语可以是人，也可以是物。
　　2.destroy—destroying
　　be limited to 词组里的to并不是不定式标记to，而是介词to，要谨访介词to“冒充”不定式to。其他类似的词组还有be opposed to, object to, get used to等等。
0 @7 |# F0 Q# p* d' q4 k　　3.cleaning—clearing
2 E& t* v/ g2 o　　clean和clear这对形近而且意近的动词容易被混淆，但是clean指“使某地方没有灰尘，使干净”，而clear强调“清理不需要的东西，而且clear 可与of连用，而clean很少。（这两个词的改错之前也有遇到过，大家都要记住啦！）
6 K; o6 R" [+ O2 r' s0 n; d0 K　　4.caused—causing
　　此句中malaria－causing insects 相当于insects that caused malaria，因此是主动关系，所以应选择-ing形式。
　　5.by－/
　　the Nobel Prize实际上是award的另一个宾语，还原成主动结构是…awarded the inventor the Nobel Prize.所以这里应删掉by。
* b- h' O8 H% K, Z' ^7 i' }  f  i　　6.the－/
　　短语second thought或second thoughts意为“仔细斟酌，三思”，如：
6 n6 y% y9 W8 j' g5 \　　Robert didn’t give a second thought to borrowing $2,000 from him.
' b& N; X( v; i' i# ?2 ]　　7.discriminate－indiscriminate
　　discriminate有“区别”之意，indiscriminate意为“不加以选择，不分青红皂白”。从上下文来看DDT的特点是没有分辨性：它既能杀死有害的昆虫又能杀死有益的昆虫。
$ \3 M! R. n/ f  ?/ m8 g　　8.but－and/so
5 T" a, n- c0 z　　本句的两个意群的关系是顺接，不是转折，因此应选用顺接的连词，如and和so等。
  k- C) [$ u1 k4 Y% p/ ~  ~　　9.^series－a
　　series这个名词属于单数复数同形，它经常与a和of构成词组a series of表示“一系列的”。
8 a+ X* U2 E8 m' ]$ n1 M　　10.which－where
; P. }( F. A8 E3 x2 v7 V( C　　from这个介词后面应接一个介词表具体方位，因此这里只能用表方位的副词where。