英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(九十一)

会计考友

　　Adam Smith, writter in the 1770s, was the first peson to
　　see the importance of the division of labor and to explain
( d2 R; ?1 m2 C5 b2 J% l. w　　part of its advantage. He gives as an example the process
' f1 `- S( u) Q  x　　which pins were made in England."One man draws out __1__
2 y& F, A$ Y. O7 B　　the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points
- B0 I% r8 [: p! U+ s　　it, a fifth grinds it at the top to prepare it to receive the head.
$ s. L7 B4 k# v! R6 B% w　　To make the head require two or three distinct operations. To__2__
5 E$ O" n  p% o/ i: [! `9 |　　pur it on is a separate operation, to publish the pins is another.
2 d: i  Y; j* Y! n, N8 M% B　　It is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper. And the
/ y" r) ~6 d' f  n( L. o　　important business of making pins are, in the manner, divided__3__
. g+ [" v( W) G* C8 ]6 k　　into about eighteen distinct operations, which in some factories
+ ]) a8 Q6 k1 O  |+ I$ x+ M: [, H4 u　　are all performed by different people, though in other the same __4__
　　man will sometimes perform two of three of them." Ten men,
& U. d: @; M& y2 f7 y4 t* N　　Smith said, in this way, turned twelve pounds of pins a day or__5__
　　about 4800 pins apiece. But if all of them had worked
　　seperatel and dependently without division of labor, they__6__
, i" F! N0 \8 u( N9 E* V5 ], C# O1 L　　certainly could not each of them have twenty pins in a day
, _0 y" J) ?8 i7 F" h- N6 q# E　　and perhaps not even one. There can be no doubt that
　　division of labor, provide that it is not taken too far, is an __7__
　　efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make
, R" X: j' B8 h+ n7 U　　more pins. Adam Smith saw this but he also took them for__8__
　　granted that division of labor is in itself responsible for
　　the economic growth and development and that it accounts __9__
$ o# H5 l: R2 B/ g　　for the difference between expanding economies and those
　　that stand still. But division of labor adds something new; it __10__
* c. Y; ]4 T* c" W7 c　　only enables people to produce more of what they already have.
" I( t# Q4 H0 b8 O　　答案及解析：
　　1.在which前面加上by
　　which的先行词是the process， 必须通过(by) the process生产pin。而不是the process本身
　　2. require—requires
　　主语为不定式to make the head，谓语动词应为第三人称单数一般现在时
　　3. are—is
4 V& Q: h3 C" D　　主语为the important business of
　　4. other—others
　　others是代词，代指other factories
) \& w* J/ P+ w% E0 i　　5. 在turned后加out
　　turn out 是习语，意为“生产出.......”
　　6. dependently—independently
　　逻辑上应与上文的separately一致
5 c" `! G: W: G! Q　　7. provide—provided/providing = on condition（that）
2 C8 B4 r/ G  V0 \$ [　　意为假设，倘若，引导条件句
　　8. them—it
6 h& u1 ]% m- i+ T+ d+ q- u0 ^　　习语take it for granted
" }$ |5 ?9 j- p& x# s$ r9 x8 c( H　　9. 去掉the
' p( R- b. o0 x# K9 r$ ]1 \9 E　　抽象名词在用来表示它的一般概念时常不用冠词；即使前面有一段描绘性的定语，也多不加冠词，growth 和development 正属于抽象名词
3 S% w) O+ J9 N* ]& B8 k　　10. something—nothing
% b: m5 w/ W0 B) z　　根据上下文，因为“劳动分工”没什么新意