英语写作精讲精练：一个公式三个原则（3）

会计考友

　　非谓语动词方式处理示例
1 r9 |( p: D. a* R　　示例1：I sat beside her. I felt very nervous.
　　可变为：Sitting beside her, I felt very nervous.
: p, n7 f/ B5 m* c. `' U　　或者：I sat beside her, feeling very nervous.
+ o9 }& ]4 q- ?' U' |  b　　示例2：I want to quit smoking. I eat candies.
　　可变为：To quit smoking, I eat candies.
( X7 d1 D; D" ^# m! Q% i) ~/ p% h　　示例3：A young man was tired of sleeping on the floor. He saved up for years to buy a real bed.
# @% \' j5 S4 _　　可以变为：Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up for years to buy a real bed.
! F: y9 f/ d! ?# _　　示例4：Jimmy was dressed up as Father Christmas. He was accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls. He set off down the main street of the city. He rode a baby elephant. The elephant was called Jumbo.
) e3 G' k* P6 T# d! C　　可以变为：Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls, Jimmy set off down the main street of the city, riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.
　　定语从句方式处理
: G: k+ j5 ?$ q) o6 b　　定语从句当然是属于“从属”的行列，所以，是处理为从属方式的手段之一。请看下面的例子：
, }0 C$ i$ \7 Z6 g, b& \5 k　　This is the only book.
! U' R# V7 q; f$ |( ~6 K3 W　　I read the book during the holiday.
　　两句的重合点在the book上面；将第二句中的the book抽出来，放到第一句book后面，其它内容向后甩。这样，我们就会看到the only book后面马上又在重复the book。为了避免重复，我们去掉the book，而换用另外一个词去替换，这个词就是指物的which或that。因为这里的book有only在修饰，所以，最终我们选用that；又因为that在定语从句中作宾语，所以，可以省略。
, [* X; z3 x( B8 T! e　　下面两句的合并遵循同样的原则：
6 S9 c1 E& w( B' S) d　　She is the girl.
7 I8 r, {4 W6 g4 [( `　　The girl’s father is my boss.
; U, \3 q# r) W' ^　　?She is the girl whose father is my boss.
　　几个句型：
　　…, but…句型(表转折关系)
; ?3 r0 s  z5 r: h2 F7 f　　…, for…句型(表原因关系)
　　…, so…句型(表结果关系)
　　…(,/;/.) however,…句型(表更强烈的转折关系)
8 i* ?9 S3 u7 ~2 H3 l  q0 i! |- Q1 b& O　　…(,/;/.) therefore,…句型(更强烈的结果关系)
6 T9 j8 V5 J4 j/ b; V　　…(,/;/.) meanwhile,…句型(表时间关系)
　　…(,/;/.) consequently,…句型(表结果关系)
　　…(,/;/.) admittedly,…句型(表让步关系)
( O% q) e( o1 \0 p7 v　　这些基本知识构成了：
# g; }7 V, N9 k# h" _' r8 g2 a6 [' g2 C　　?1)简单句扩展到复杂句
　　?2)复杂句拆分为简单句
　　由“分到合”，由“合到分”的“基石”。