英语写作精讲精练：一个公式三个原则（3）

会计考友

　　非谓语动词方式处理示例
! \" M6 e  ~5 O+ M0 O1 J$ W5 @　　示例1：I sat beside her. I felt very nervous.
( y0 U# U5 _8 `; [　　可变为：Sitting beside her, I felt very nervous.
　　或者：I sat beside her, feeling very nervous.
* \" k4 E: V2 W8 F# u6 @- m: ^　　示例2：I want to quit smoking. I eat candies.
　　可变为：To quit smoking, I eat candies.
& p2 `, ]' T' a* r: X2 M　　示例3：A young man was tired of sleeping on the floor. He saved up for years to buy a real bed.
　　可以变为：Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up for years to buy a real bed.
　　示例4：Jimmy was dressed up as Father Christmas. He was accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls. He set off down the main street of the city. He rode a baby elephant. The elephant was called Jumbo.
　　可以变为：Dressed up as Father Christmas and accompanied by a guard of honor of six pretty girls, Jimmy set off down the main street of the city, riding a baby elephant called Jumbo.
, T; s- V  e0 r9 C　　定语从句方式处理
3 |8 Z% G5 n/ {, D! @: `　　定语从句当然是属于“从属”的行列，所以，是处理为从属方式的手段之一。请看下面的例子：
# p/ M  B; x4 s- C5 ^7 X　　This is the only book.
　　I read the book during the holiday.
　　两句的重合点在the book上面；将第二句中的the book抽出来，放到第一句book后面，其它内容向后甩。这样，我们就会看到the only book后面马上又在重复the book。为了避免重复，我们去掉the book，而换用另外一个词去替换，这个词就是指物的which或that。因为这里的book有only在修饰，所以，最终我们选用that；又因为that在定语从句中作宾语，所以，可以省略。
　　下面两句的合并遵循同样的原则：
　　She is the girl.
　　The girl’s father is my boss.
" N8 r: v, s0 H　　?She is the girl whose father is my boss.
　　几个句型：
$ R- G; m: P3 v5 t3 U% h　　…, but…句型(表转折关系)
　　…, for…句型(表原因关系)
　　…, so…句型(表结果关系)
　　…(,/;/.) however,…句型(表更强烈的转折关系)
　　…(,/;/.) therefore,…句型(更强烈的结果关系)
  k. `+ W) f6 S( C: \1 `+ ?' Q$ n  `% B　　…(,/;/.) meanwhile,…句型(表时间关系)
5 \$ }0 ~" V; `/ L2 N　　…(,/;/.) consequently,…句型(表结果关系)
　　…(,/;/.) admittedly,…句型(表让步关系)
! G, @( J4 r7 V1 |7 N( o; Y5 \　　这些基本知识构成了：
2 E  u  @6 Z; r: J$ e　　?1)简单句扩展到复杂句
7 }/ Q  [# [3 ], n5 I/ `　　?2)复杂句拆分为简单句
# j/ p1 |3 a3 x　　由“分到合”，由“合到分”的“基石”。