示例2:I entered the room saw mother sit there wait for me come back./ l& l' }0 r6 g$ R& ?
分析:这里有5个动词,都没有标记逻辑关系,错误!通过分析,我们看到:entered和saw可以并列,因为它们拥有共同的1(I);sit和wait可以并列,因为它们拥有共同的1(mother),但这两组动词之间就不能再并列了,因为无法这么做。这就意味着:这句话里的动词有的可以并列,而有的不可以。% S$ O* A+ z) Z# l. H- L& e
示例3:I opened the bag took out some paper and a pen, sat down started take notes.. r" S+ q; ^; Q3 u, S. O3 i
分析:opened,took out,sat down,started这四个动词拥有共同的1(I),而且都是1直接行使或发出的动作,所以,可以采取并列关系;但take因为有个过渡层,因此并列处理不合适。% b4 O$ b2 w7 f! |
2.从属关系示例
: F- L* z! ~- @; Q7 K 示例1:I sat down beside her said nothing.& d" _- h: h! O& n% r9 X. K
分析:动词关系混乱,假如想确保said,则需要牺牲后面,如: z" ?9 c1 J( w0 L. k7 \
I sat down beside her, saying nothing." K4 V6 [* @- Z7 G ~% q
假如确保后面,则牺牲前面:2 a& H: R/ n* T# X }( z4 R
Sitting down beside her, I said nothing.: N0 f5 \) D% [! y! E
示例2:To quit smoking, I eat candies.
- m1 O1 d5 v9 M$ f: x 一个句子一个句号原则
2 O5 ]$ p, I$ Q# w5 Y 理论上讲,一个句子一个句号,但是,实际中会有几个甚至多个句子摆放在一起共享一个句号。此时应该怎么办呢?
3 C B- S; b! X. `- {7 N1 \ 答案很简单:标记清楚这些句子间的逻辑关系。有两种:
7 ]: e# k% A4 ^6 s% t M 1.并列关系示例
7 x3 ?& h6 m! y f& | 示例1:I sat down beside her. I said nothing.
& \8 @9 v Q! X 变为:I sat down beside her and I said nothing.6 m8 P& k( V4 @0 i9 j: x8 d6 c
示例2:He asked me a question. I answered him.3 l: l/ U/ e3 O+ X% y, X. v
变为:He asked me a question and I answered him.
# _3 V0 O) ?. d0 M( H: m: } 2.从属关系5 B. R3 E, L7 _" d% {
1)运用各类从句,形成主从符合句,包括:0 O7 v* Y, C' o7 ^6 A5 s' w
状语从句6 r& ^0 p9 |& _! q( n! o; a" W( v0 O
宾语从句
$ a7 @- A, W7 C2 n5 C/ N 定语从句/ l8 k1 f% ?+ X7 }7 k. V. B- v: q
主语从句1 Y5 U5 K' [: {( `
同位语从句# c$ s( g0 k% P4 X/ p
2)运用非谓语动词类进行从属方式的处理,包括:
# p& A/ |; n. M6 d# G 动词的ing形式: {8 `) T; t6 _% ~% O$ k' p: S
动词的过去分词形式/ F0 s/ R1 Y' e2 n. M2 z$ y9 h+ u
动词不定式形式
8 H4 H2 s/ u8 i1 Y7 S5 o1 c! Z2 l; T' v 从属关系示例(以状语从句为例)
' k8 X+ Y$ T+ L2 c 示例1:When he asked me a question, I answered him.
+ k/ }; u! g& e7 q& w7 G 示例2:I was so angry that I beat him up!
* P$ ^9 |8 e; J, Y! O 示例3:If you ask me ‘why’, I will answer ‘because’!
: q" b4 W0 T- a. Z 示例4:Since you are not feeling well, just lie down and take a good rest.
5 h. J( Y+ k4 U& w& u 示例5:Although I have tried my best, I can’t win her heart.
* _5 \/ H5 X' \: ~0 ~ 示例6:Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.
4 w& v! i& d! g! p; j5 ?. p 示例7:I went out very early in the morning so that I could avoid the rush hour traffic |