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[专八辅导] 英语写作精讲精练:一个公式三个原则(2)

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发表于 2012-8-14 11:29:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  示例2:I entered the room saw mother sit there wait for me come back.
$ |+ e1 y$ x9 }8 P: J  分析:这里有5个动词,都没有标记逻辑关系,错误!通过分析,我们看到:entered和saw可以并列,因为它们拥有共同的1(I);sit和wait可以并列,因为它们拥有共同的1(mother),但这两组动词之间就不能再并列了,因为无法这么做。这就意味着:这句话里的动词有的可以并列,而有的不可以。/ m6 L5 @. U9 w, i4 j
  示例3:I opened the bag took out some paper and a pen, sat down started take notes.
; D4 s) b! _/ ?6 p4 ^" f% k* a  分析:opened,took out,sat down,started这四个动词拥有共同的1(I),而且都是1直接行使或发出的动作,所以,可以采取并列关系;但take因为有个过渡层,因此并列处理不合适。% y7 G: Z, e' s( X2 B' ]
  2.从属关系示例8 I% A3 I/ l- y% j
  示例1:I sat down beside her said nothing.
0 B% M! c# \9 T* L  分析:动词关系混乱,假如想确保said,则需要牺牲后面,如:
9 i" y9 v; A/ Z+ v" f' `  I sat down beside her, saying nothing.9 @9 e) F" R* O$ a8 q4 f
  假如确保后面,则牺牲前面:
; N9 {+ c0 H9 X- {- v# R9 B  Sitting down beside her, I said nothing.3 e! L8 Z( {$ N' F
  示例2:To quit smoking, I eat candies.
' ?7 {0 R: [; X- @5 }# S* Z  一个句子一个句号原则
. g+ T$ m, w0 b* u  理论上讲,一个句子一个句号,但是,实际中会有几个甚至多个句子摆放在一起共享一个句号。此时应该怎么办呢?, b6 p1 u9 g, l( a8 B3 p; Y
  答案很简单:标记清楚这些句子间的逻辑关系。有两种:" n. h+ Q+ M8 W7 H# l
  1.并列关系示例. ^# C7 C. N, c4 a( P6 d
  示例1:I sat down beside her. I said nothing.( w5 _4 b- n: ]. N
  变为:I sat down beside her and I said nothing.2 b8 z1 l" O8 N9 j" v4 P
  示例2:He asked me a question. I answered him./ g$ c# [* T/ u9 ?+ j! F* A
  变为:He asked me a question and I answered him.
7 _0 g4 r7 i7 ~; w0 ~6 g! ^  2.从属关系
! q' ?+ X! y! t* {9 N  1)运用各类从句,形成主从符合句,包括:
7 K% t9 g5 d. h. U, U1 I  状语从句
! g% k) M# A. k# u  宾语从句
" M2 j& X$ h* z  H6 X  定语从句$ |* c# k% Y' C- b8 X" B+ Y" N/ u
  主语从句
9 j9 q8 e5 H5 K; }4 I  同位语从句) `$ v% `5 E3 m0 T
  2)运用非谓语动词类进行从属方式的处理,包括:
$ X' j9 Y0 s; `% `- ?" Z  动词的ing形式
5 b) x: u; K. S9 H% r+ M  动词的过去分词形式
& h- n" p$ `0 N1 o+ A: L. \, U4 A  动词不定式形式
; d2 b  H' D0 f& w- t  从属关系示例(以状语从句为例), A0 x% k! O: E4 m+ X0 a
  示例1:When he asked me a question, I answered him.
( ?2 L3 s+ |' N  示例2:I was so angry that I beat him up!
; d" H4 v9 N' Q. _0 h4 A2 V# i; B  示例3:If you ask me ‘why’, I will answer ‘because’!: g# M% ~; m2 w6 H! {: x. s
  示例4:Since you are not feeling well, just lie down and take a good rest.# ~7 C/ s8 @# m$ s9 p
  示例5:Although I have tried my best, I can’t win her heart., d9 W; E5 T5 J  a; a
  示例6:Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.
6 j* O) j8 ~3 Q1 }& F/ S7 o  示例7:I went out very early in the morning so that I could avoid the rush hour traffic
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