英语专八全真模拟试题快速阅读（1）

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 11:29:10

SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING ［10 min.］

　　In this section there are seven passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions.Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your Coloured ANSWER SHEET.

　　TEXT G

　　First read the following question.

　　31The purpose of this passage is to.

　　A.tell the truth that the world is dual

　　B.analyze the fact that the world is dual

　　C.inform people of that the world is dual

　　D.warn people against long-time mismanagement

　　Now read the text quickly and answer question 31.

　　Completeness

　　Polarity，or action and reaction，we meet in every part of nature：in darkness and light；in heat and cold；in the ebb and flow of waters；in male and female；in the inspiration and expiration of plants and animals；in the systole and diastole of the heart；in the undulations of fluids，and of sound；in the centrifugal and centripetal gravity；in electricity，galvanism，and chemical affinity.Superinduce magnetism at one end of a needle；the opposite magnetism takes place at the other end.If the south attracts，the north repels.To empty here，you must condense these.As inevitable dualism bisects nature，so that each thing is a half，and suggests another thing to make it whole：as spirit，matter；man，woman；subjective，objective；in，out；upper，under；motion，rest；yea，nay.

　　Whilst the world is thus dual，so is every one of its parts.The entire system of things gets represented in every particle.There is somewhat that resembles the ebb and flow of the sea，day and night，man and woman，in a single needle of the pine，in a kernel of corn，in each individual of every animal tribe.The reaction so grand in the elements is repeated within these small boundaries.For example，in the animal kingdom，the physiologist has observed that no creatures are favorites，but a certain compensation blances every gift and every defect.A surplusage given to one part is paid out of a reduction from another part of the same creature.If the head and neck are enlarged，the trunk and extremities are cut short.

　　The theory of the mechanic forces is another example.What we gain in power is lost in time；and the converse.The periodic or compensating errors of the planets is another instance.The influences of climate and soil in political history are another.The cold climate invigorates.The barren soil does not breed fever，crocodiles，tigers，or scorpions.

　　The same dualism underlies the nature and condition of man.Every excess causes a defect；every defect an excess.Every sweet hath its sour；every evil its good.Every faculty which is a receiver of pleasure has an equal penalty put on its abuse.It is to answer for its moderation with its life.For every grain of wit there is a grain of folly.For everything you have missed，you have gained something else；and for everything you gain，you lose something.If riches increase，they are increased that use them.If the gatherer gathers too much，nature takes out of the man what she puts into his chest；swells the estate，but kills the owner.Nature hates monopolies and exceptions.

　　Things refuse to be mismanaged long.Though no checks to a new evil appear，the checks exist and will appear.If the government is cruel，the governor's life is not safe.If you tax too high，the revenue will yield nothing.If you make the criminal code sanguinary juries will not convict.Nothing arbitrary， nothing artificial can endure.

　　 TEXT H

　　First read the following question.

　　32The general tone of this letter is____.

　　A.encouraging B.arbitrary C.imposing D.exaggerate

　　Now read the text quickly and answer question 32.

　　Isleworth， Sep.19，1739

　　My Dear child，—I am very well pleased with your last letter.The writing was very good，and the promise you make exceedingly fine.You must keep it，for an honest man never breaks his word.You engage to retain the instructions which I give you.That is suffcient，for though you do not properly comprehend them at present，age and reflection will，in time，make you understand them.

　　With respect to the contents of your letter，I believe you have had proper assistance；indeed，I do not as yet expect that you can write a letter without help.You ought，however，to try，for nothing is more requisite than to write a good letter.Nothing in fact is more easy.Most persons，who write will，do so because they aim at writing better than they can，by which means they acquire a formal and unnatural style.Whereas，to write well，we must write easily anmd naturally.For instance，if you want to write a letter to me，you should only consider what you would say if you were with me，and then write it in plain terms，just as if you were conversing.I will suppose，then，that you sit down to write to me unassisted，and I imagine your letter would probably be much in these words：

　　My dear Papa：I have been at Mr.Maittaire's this morning，where I have translated English into Latin and Latin into English，and，so well that at the end of my exercise he has written optime. I have likewise repeated a Greek verb，and pretty well.After this I ran home，like a little wild boy，and kplayed till dinner-time.This became a serious task，for I ate like a wolf，and by that you judge that I am in very good health.Adieu.

　　Well，sir， the above is a good letter，and yet very easily written，because it is exceedingly natural.Endeavour then sometimes to write to me of yourself，without minding either the beauty of the writing or the straightness of the lines.Take as little trouble as possible.By that means you will by degrees use yourself to write perfectly well，and with ease.Adieu.Come to me tomorrow at twelve，or Friday morning at eight o'clock.

TEXT I

　　First read the following question.

　　33The index is most probably from a book on.

　　A.Hart Crane B.Daniel Aaron C.William Faulkner D.W.H. Audern

　　Now read the text quickly and answer question 33.

　　Aaron，Danicl，2—3，6—7，8

　　Absalom， Absalom！，3，55，127；British responses to，116，120—21；community in，39—40；endurance as theme in，25：“fatherless”children in，78—79；Gnosticism as theme in，130，134—35，156—57；importance of historyin，145，148，157，158；love and compassion in，24—25；race as theme in，24，25，130：“Stoic Christianity”in，134

　　—characters in，24，25，26，39，40，73，78—79，129—130，134，1576；Charles Bon，24，2577；Quentin Compson，79，94，158；Judith Sutpen，24—25，26，55，78，129—35 passim，156—57，158

　　Alienation，34—35，37

　　American Deam，136—44 passin，147，151

　　The American Dream：What Happened to it？：circumsances of writingof，136—38.See also“On Fear”：“On Privacy”

　　Anderson，Sherwood，34—35，37，50，52；influence of，on Faulkner，45，45n，46，46n；and Winesbury Ohio，34—35，45，46，46n，49，51

　　Animals，19，63，See also“The Bear”

　　As I Lay Dying，4，11，71，72，107，111

　　Auden，W.H，30

　　Augustine，Saint，150—51

　　“The Bear，”19，57，63，151—55

　　“The Bear Shot，”56

　　Blacks：as characters in Faulkner's fiction，7，48，49，55，62—63，67，73，74，111—12，127；and white characters，88—89；civil rights of，95，139；community of，76—77；as witnesses to Christianity，125，127

　　Blotner，Joseph，4，53—54，57，137

　　Britain，106—22 passim

　　Cathars，and courtly love，99，100，101

　　Cervantes，Miguel de，105—106

　　
Cheest！，”46

　　Christianity，125，142，149—50；Faulkner's views on，16—17，28，123，124，129，131，145，153，156；and“Stoic Christianity，”134，135；as theme in Faulkner's fiction，17—18，62—63，123，124，127—28

　　Civil War，1，14，57，139；Faulkner's views of，144，153—54；in Faulkner's fiction，7，21，22，24，35，48，60，70，74，128

　　Cobb，Irvin S.47—49，57

　　“The Cobbler，”44n

　　Code duello，20，61，143

　　Collins，Carvel，44—45

　　Commins，Saxe，138，146

　　Community：Faulkner's concern for，35，38，93，140，142—43，145；and individualism，140—41；as theme in Faulkner's fiction，29—43 passim，47，49，51，52，91，92—93，129

　　Connolly，Cyril，115，116—17，118

　　Coughlan，obert，137，141

　　Courage，18—19，129

　　Cowkley，Malcolm，60—61

　　Crane，Hart，151.

　　“Damon and Pythias Unilimited，”47

　　Davidson，Donald，3—4，5，7，10，11

　　Davis，Lambet，140

　　Depravity，as theme in Faulkner's work，110

　　Despair，as theme in Faulkner's work，127

　　Dos I'assos，John，3

　　Double Dealer，44，46

　　Dreiser，Theodore，118

　　“Dry September，”47

　　“Dull Tale，”56

　　Elito，T.S，52，91，137—38，143，148；and The Waste Land，51—52；125

　　Elmer，57

　　“Episode，”46—47

　　Family，68，69，72，145

　　Father：depicted in Faulkner's fiction，68，73，74；in Faulkner's family，68

　　Faulkner，William：bohemianism of，137，143；as commentator on Southern.
TEXT J

　　First read the following question.

　　34The author tries to point out that____.

　　A.the children who have the smoking habit shouldn't try to quit smoking.

　　B.the earlier children start smoking，the more severe the damage to health remains.

　　C.use of tobacco early will not permanently impair normal processes of cell renewal.

　　D.children who smoke can not be immortal as long as the stop in time.

　　Now read the text quickly and answer question 34.

　　Kids who smoke like to think that they are immortal—or at least that if they stop in time，their lungs will heal.But a report in last week's Journal of the National Cancer Institute suggests early smoking may trigger changes in DAN that put young smokers at higher risk for cancer even if they later quit.Researchers studying lung cancer patients found that those with the worst genetic damage were not those who smoked longest but those who started youngest.What's more，the earlier they started，the more severe the damage.

　　The findings are particularly alarming because they arrived the same week as the results of a survey showing that American children seem to be taking up cigarettes at even younger ages.The National Parents'Resource Institute for Drug Education，based in Altanta，reported that 4% of fourth-graders，7% of fifth-graders and nearly 15% of sixth-graders had already smoked. Add to this the more than 3 million teenagers with the habit，and you have a major health problem.

　　Doctors used to blame the higher incidence of lung cancer among those who started smoking in their youth on their prolonged exposure to tobacco.But the new study，involving 143 subjects in the Boston area—some of whom lit up as early as age seven—suggests a more insidious cause.Explains epidemiologist John Wiencke of the University of California at San Francisco：“Use of tobacco so early aparently permanently impairs normal processes of cell renewal.Otherwise，their DNA damage would long since have been repaired.”

　　That's not to say kids who have the smoking habit shouldn't try to quit as soon as they can.After all，there are plenty of other tobacco-related diseases—for example，heart disease，stroke and emphysema—that only get worse the longer you smoke.

　　TEXT K

　　First read the following questions.

　　35How many times did Phyllis Thaxter get married？

　　A.once B.twice C.thrice D.never

　　36When did she first appear on television？

　　A.1947 B.1966 C.1945 D.1953

　　Now read the text quickly and answer questions 35 and 36.

　　THAXTER，Phyllis，actress；b Portland，Maine，20 Nov. 1920；d of Sidney S F Thaxter and his wife Marie Phyllis （Schuyler）；e Deering High School，Portland，and Ste Genevieve School，Montreal，Canada；m （l） James T Aubrey （mar dis）；（2） Gibert Lea；prepared for the stage at he Montreal Repertory Theatre.

　　First appeared on the stage at the Ogunquit Playhouse.Ogunquit，Maine，as Daphne，with Lauretter Taylor in the latter's play At the Theater；first appeared in New York at the Biltmore in 1938，when she took over the role of a schoolgirl in the long-runing What a Life；Alvin，Apr 1940，playedLempi in There Shall Be No Night，a role she played again when the play was revived in Sept 1940；Selwyn，Chicago，1941，the title-role in Claudia；went to Hollywood and appeared in many films；re-appeared on the stage at the Shubert，New Haven，Conn，Feb 1947，when she took over the role of Kate Bannion in Heartsone；Belasco，Sept 1948，Nancy in Sundown Beach；returned to the stage at the BiltAgnes Carol in Time Out for Ginger；Paper Mill Playhouse，Millburn，New Jersey，Feb 1966，Played in The Women；Royal Poinciana Playhouse，Palm Beach，Florida，Jan 1967，played in The Impossible Years；films in which she has appered since 1945 include Thirty Seconds over Tokyo，Weekend at the Waldorf，Sea of Grass.Bewitched，The World of Henry Orient，etc；first appeared on television，1953，and programs include Wagon Train，Alfred Hitchcock，The US Steel，Playhouse 90，General Electric Theatre，The Fugitive，etc.

　　Recreations：Interior decorating，riding，swimming，tennis.Address：Actors Equity Association，1500 Broadway，New York，NY，USA 10036.TEXT L

　　Frist read the following questions.

　　37How many suppers are included in the price of the tour？

　　A.65 B.22 C.16 D.51

　　38What color is Lake Louise？

　　A.pin B.green C.yes sow D.blue

　　Now read the text quickly and answer questions 37 and 38.

　　HOW YOU WILL TRAVEL

　　The MAJESTIC AMERICAN— travels iva deluxe motorcoach and in sleeper accommodatins on North Americas great name trains Ait tours utilize a combination of Std.Pullman and Superliner sleeping cars.Tour rates are the same for both.Here's how you will travel：

　　From/To〖〗Train〖〗 EquipmentNy/Cht/ny〖〗Broadway Limited〖〗Std.PullmanChi/Salt LK〖〗California Zephyr〖〗SuperlinerGlacier/Chi〖〗Empire Bulder〖〗SuperlinerMeak：B-breakfast；L-lunch；D-Dinner，meals included out of 65；22B；13L；16D.

　　Day 14 Mon—KAMLOOPS/YELLOWHADE PASS/JASPER NAT'L PARK：Heead for Jasper Nat'l Park this morning via secnic Yellowhead Pass.En route we'll see the legendary Thompson River.Jasper Park Lodge B-L-D

　　Day 15 Tue—JASPER NAT'L PARK：Today we tour the best of Jasper—Canada's largest national park.Jasper Park Lodge B-D

　　Day 16 Wed—COLUMBIA ICEFIELDS/“SNOCOACH”RIDE/LAKE LOUISE/BANFF：We head toward the Columbia lcefields—where Four Winds has arranged a safe but exhilarating snocoach ride across six-mile Athabasca Glacier.Later we'll stop at Lake Louise—mineral deposits have given it a unique green color.Spend the next two nights at one of Canada's most elegant hotels.Banff Spring HotelB-L-D

　　Day 17 Thu—BANFF NAT'L PARK：You have the whole day at leisure to enjoy Banff Nat'l Park's varied beauty.You can visit the Natural History Museum.Banff Spring HotelB-D

　　TEXT M

　　Frist read the following questions.

　　39Which of the following sociologists is a female？

　　A.Daniel Bell B.Reinhard Bendix C.Ruth Benedict D.Basil Bernstein

　　40Bernard Jessies is best known for her work on____.

　　A.education B.personality and culture

　　C.industrial society D.marriage and family

　　Now read the text quickly and answer questions 39 and 40.

　　Bell，Daniel （1919— ） Bell is an American sociologist best known for his presiction that CLASS CONFLICT was nearing an end with the END OF IDEOLOGY and the emergence of the POSTINDUSRIAL and INFORMATION SOCIETIES organized primarily around technology and informationg.He later retreated somewhat from this postion with the observation of a funcdamental conflict among the values of economic efficiency，individual rights and wellbeing，and the hedonistic lifestyle promoted by advanced capitalist societies.

　　Major works include The end of ideology （1960）；The coming of postindustrial society（1973）；and The cultural contradictions of capitalism （1976）。

　　Bendix，Reinhard （1916— ） A German-born immigrant to the United States，Bendix is known for his interpretation of the work of Max WEBER and for his work in comparative and HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGY，especially in relation to industrial society and its ties to the working class.

　　Major works include Work and authority in industry （1956）；Social mobility in industrial society （1959）；Max Weber；An intellectual portrait （1960）；and Nation building and citizenship （1964）。

　　Benedict，Ruth （1887—1948） Trained first in English literature and only later in life as an anthropologist，Benedict made major contributions to the study of the relationship between personality and culture.Her basic insight was that each culture promotes the development of some human potentialsd to the neglect of other，and that people shape themselves in ways that tend to fit their cultural context.Culture is，in Benedict's words，“personality writ large，”and societiescan be seen as integrated wholes of cultural forms and human beings.An accomplished field observer，rigorous researcher，and lucid writer，Benedict combined the humanities and the scientific study of culture in often powerful ways and left a significant legacy for the study of culture and perosnality.

　　Major works include Patterns of culture （1934）；Zuni mythology，2 vols.（1935）；and The chrysanthemum and the sword：Patterns of Japanese culture （1946）。See also Margaret Mead，An anthropologist at work：Writings of Ruth Benedict （1959）。

　　Bernard，Jessie （1903— ） Bernard is an American sociologist best known for her work on marriage，the family，the status of women，communities，social problems，and public policy.It was she，for example，who first explored the phenomenon of “his”and“hers”marriages，recognizing that marriage has distinct advantagesfor men that are not shared by women.Especially during and following the 1970s.Bernard created a rich body of work detailing the nature of women's lives in contexts ranging from the family to higher education.Bernard is also known for her expertise on the history of sociology as a discipline and as a cofounder of the Society for the Study of Social Problems.

　　Major words include Academic women （1946）；Women and the public interest （1971）；The future of marriage （1972）；The sociology of community （1973）；The future of motherhood （1974）；The female world in a global perspective （1987）；and The origins of American sociology，with L.L.Bernard （1943）。See also Women in sociology，edited by Mary Jo Deegan （1991）。

　　Bernstein，Basil （1924— ）。Bernstein is a British sociologist specializing in education，SOCIOLINGUSITICS，and the relation between language，knowledge and schooling on the one hand and SOCIAL CLASS and SOCIAL CONTROL on the other.In his theory of SPEECH CODES，Bernstein argues that social calss faects how students learn language in family and school environments，and this，in turn，affects their achievement potential and social class possibilities.His interest in language extends to a general interest in how class systems are maintained through control over knowledge and the language needed to access and use it in complex and creative ways.

　　Major works include Class，codes，and control，3 vols.（1971，1973，1975）。

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[专八辅导] 英语专 八全真模拟试题快速阅读（1）

[专八辅导] 英语专八全真模拟试题快速阅读（1）