英国概况5 c. [# x" s1 P4 }7 c; E$ M6 {- D; z
练习题:
# M, L$ N1 c. Z+ p 1 Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _____.6 B1 t6 C \0 c7 |% v1 y) ]
A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.; E* P3 f6 c* Z# d! m# x, ]
B Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport.; V |* k% w: `" M4 x
C British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected.' C& N2 v0 L S1 r
D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.( ]0 s# ~& m+ q7 w4 G
2 The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _____ has very little power.; h% u# M6 v! V; [! H; W
A queen B monarch C prime minister D king2 \6 J* n0 d* ^6 h. R
3 Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them?& o, t5 @& U* o$ Y. G
A the Labor Party B the Conservative Party; |% u( p1 G" q& Y
C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party" v- g$ F% v6 _) w% Z
4 On accepting ____, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began.
" W! G/ Y& L$ X2 r9 v8 Q7 A2 w A Constitutional Law B The Declaration of Independence
+ e1 q' Z. e' w9 Q# ~ C Civil Law D Bill of Rights7 o/ m l, _9 u7 ^ T' ]
5 Females were allowed to vote in national elections until ____.
1 _. O. z* K* a, B v- K A 1918 B 1916 C 1920 D 1896) v/ ^) y1 V5 W+ l
6 The British North America Act of 1867 established ____ as a domain.
" y1 ?6 l1 z; W8 @ A Australia B Canada C New Zealand D India4 G# G! U$ P- F) A4 R" |8 ]
7 During World War II, as a war leader, _____ received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945.1 Z( n' `8 t H" w, s" g
A Harold Wilson B Edward Heath C Franklin Roosevelt D Winston Churchill
6 v( {' Z5 i; f+ S 8 The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _____.( `% I; v" D% ~3 k$ W. Q. Z, S
A France B New Zealand C Argentina D Australia, P! v( Y! K: d
9 In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns.
, f# }, B2 a u0 ~) i" t1 G A civic election B by-election C popular election D general election
$ `7 N) t7 ^$ W. q$ p7 N* ~ 10 In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.3 `% |3 ^6 R- u+ L7 X l2 W3 U
A the Lord Chancellor B the Monarch C the Prime Minister D the King
( }$ j% x4 y% ?* M! b3 T 练习题答案及题解:; g- D5 ?% F1 f) |1 Q9 n3 z) y
1 D, 英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。
" `# A" i4 M2 v' y1 K 2 B, 英国是君主立宪制国家,国王或女王(君主)几乎没什么实质性的权力。. T. l, i1 u2 M5 e" V
3 A, 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说,保守党是中上层阶级的党,它得到大公司财政上的支持;而工党,主要得到工会的支持,它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。* P e$ Q& |" X4 n; ~# U% j, Q
4 D, 《权利法案》的签署,标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代,一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。
9 ]" N; H; K c* D& g. r 5 A, 直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。; I% c8 J% w* P6 o* h
6 B, 《1867年英国北美法案》将加拿大纳为它的自治领。
. \3 s; w% z6 k, u+ C/ b 7 D, 在第二次世界大战中,当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴,并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。
+ k# Z& b) q% I2 a. h& N4 E 8 C, 福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地,1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿,但是英国最终打败了阿根廷,并重新占领了这些岛屿。0 L0 ]/ P% }# v: k. w5 j g4 R
9 B, 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时,就要进行补缺选举。
b6 {6 S% T5 [- _- \# _ 10 C, 在英国,部长们是由首相推荐,女王加以任命的。 |