专八英语考试自测冲刺题-改错篇14

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　　The violence within a society is controlled through institutionsof law. The most developed a legal system becomes, the more __1__ societies takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment __2__ of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to dealing with __3__ an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personal carrying out judgment and punishment __4__ upon the person who did the offense. __5__ But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes personalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for __6__ protecting individuals from violence. In cases where he cannot be __7__ protected, the society is responsible for committing punishment. __8__ In a state controlling legal system, individuals are removed __9__ from the circle of revenge motivated by acts of violence, and the __10__ state assumes responsibility for their protection.
8 k$ V) T1 {, n, ?　　答案：
　　1.most改为more。这句话实际上使用了the more…the more…结果，表示"一个法律制度越完善，社会在其中所负的责任越大"。
1 m& U% A, K$ D! G　　2.societies改为society。society 这里应选择单数因为原句的意思是"一个国家的法律制度越完善，社会在发现，控制，和惩治暴力行为中所承担的责任就越大"，含义是单数的，所以应该使用单数形式。　　3.dealing改为deal。the means to 词组里的to是不定式的to，因此后面应接动词原型。
　　4.personal改为personally。这里personally修饰carrying out judgment…，因此是使用副词。
　　5.did改为committed。offense经常与commit，cause，take，give搭配，这里用commit the offense 表示"犯罪"。
　　6.personalized改为depersonalized。前面一句话指明在部族社会"惩恶扬善"是家族或个人的事，而在法制社会里，"复仇"这一任务不再由个人担当，而是交给社会，因此这里不应使用personalized，而应使用depersonalized，表示"非个人化"。
　　7.he改为they。这里代词he与前面它所指代的名词individuals不一致，应为they。
　　8.committing改为imposing。commit的意思是"犯（错误），干（坏事），把…交拖给，答应负责"，在这里不适合，应改为impose。
　　9.controlling改为controlled。中心词legal system和control的关系是被动的，法律制度是被国家控制的。
/ {+ s7 L4 ?7 D9 Y, \9 X2 }　　10.circle改为cycle。circle和cycle的区别在于circle表示"圈子"，如：a circle of friends，而cycle表示"循环，周期"，如： the cycle of birth