Chapter 2, h# F2 X$ k. f* X- Z4 w% z
第二章( S& U% P0 U B' [- `
The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)
{$ h, z3 O' l2 A英国的起源(公元前5000年—1066年)
0 {2 G5 x) O( m* E7 YI.Early Settlers (5000BC-55BC), r! a A7 Q! ~2 |7 |
早期的居民(公元前5000年—公元前55年)
7 ], ~2 N+ ]# \- o1.The first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians.& F6 b. |2 Z4 j1 N) s4 D
人们所知的英国最早居民是伊比利来人。
0 H: T/ [( }) A5 ?. x2 R; a9 D2. At about 2000 BC the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now know as Holland and Rhineland.
; o2 ~. I! D1 o+ ]2 ^约公元前2000年,从现在的荷兰和莱茵兰地区来了宽口陶器人。
" @$ ]$ l! ]: w& U" u4 d3. The Celts began to arrive Britain about 700 BC.
. } @5 N3 m4 a7 p, P# y* ]约公元前700年,克尔特人来到不列颠岛。6 V5 ~) m1 k. O5 ^( r
4. The Celts came to Britain in three main waves.
2 E f" T4 U# }3 Z; k克尔特人来到不列颠有三次高潮。7 B$ A, ^' r2 A$ z4 H7 s1 Z- M' S
The first wave were the Gaels-came about 600 BC.
4 ?7 l7 u, F2 a; B$ T6 V第一次高潮是约公元前600年盖尔人的来临。* b* q- F1 Q* |, A* E/ X+ }) x
The second wave were the Brythons-came about 400 BC.
1 c7 U. X" r6 b3 W# |第二次高潮是约公元前400年布立吞(不列颠)人的抵达。
2 Z0 f+ z6 ? }The third wave were the Belgae-came about 150 BC.
) k0 D. v+ }" O* a第三次是约公元前150年比利其人的到达。
* k1 t! G" e/ D5 ]& K) z+ P, C' XII. Roman Britain (55BC-410AD)5 v* z" U: F" B5 u
罗马人统治时期的英国(公元前55年—410年)7 L0 ?6 l l% J% v4 K( U
1.British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. In 55BC and 54BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years, Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation.' l! y1 y* p$ B0 b3 q
有记录的英国历史开始于罗马人的入侵。公元前55年和54年,罗马将军朱略斯·凯撒两次入侵英国,均未成功。直到公元43年,克劳锹才成功占领不列颠。将近四百年里,英国人处于罗马人的占领下,但这并非是完全的占领。4 S4 u B9 L1 J6 {7 |
2. Roman’s influence on Britain.
5 ?! A- j3 K! ?. CThe Roman built many towns, road, baths, temples and buildings. They make good use of Britain’s natural resources. They also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.
4 y" l" G& I4 F: g# _/ q罗马人修建了许多城镇网,道路,澡堂,庙宇和其他建筑物。他们还很好地利用了英国的自然资源。罗马人还把基督教这门新宗教带到不列颠。
^+ ?1 j; N5 k9 {3.Reasons for limited Roman influence on Britain.
4 g9 k. i, S9 G& s/ X0 r罗马对不列颠的影响有限的原因。
" c6 J- m) C/ z! X; [: OFirst, the Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class. Second, never during the 4 centuries did the Romans and Britons intermarry. Third, the Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.
' I1 U. k2 i& j+ Q首先,罗马人把不列颠人当作奴隶阶段的属民来对待。其次,在四世纪对罗马人和不列颠人通婚。最后,罗马人也未影响普通不列颠人的语言和文化。 |