专八考前冲刺辅导：人文知识训练（七）

会计考友

　　练习题：
　　1 How many members are there in the House of Commons?
　　A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651
, P; n3 V( L& B5 A% q+ m3 T　　2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister?
　　A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major
　　3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.
　　A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament
, E7 M7 p' W2 w! ^" o' b3 t2 y2 q　　C Lord of appeal D Speaker of the House
" B$ O+ O( e! L  u( F; M. E　　4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
　　A the Labour Party B the Conservative Party
　　C the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party
7 R. G1 N& ~" S. z: x* b9 g　　5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition.
　　A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest
　　6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline.
　　A political B educational C military D economic
5 ^9 K0 r# L9 _. `2 E　　7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.
: y7 z& i! I* [% Y7 i　　A globalization B nationalization C privatization D competition
　　8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.
　　A coal mining B iron and steel C textiles D shipbuilding
　　9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765.
　　A　Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe
& }- f+ V3 {7 S. G- `9 D/ ~　　10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.
　　A The Chartist Movement B The Industrial Revolution
  T  I8 [  d  `; T' g　　C The French Revolution D The Glorious Revolution
/ M+ o6 \% B" D& V" x0 n　　1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。
　　2 C, 撒切尔夫人，丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相；而纳尔逊（1758-1805），英国海军统帅，因作战负伤，右眼失明，失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令，在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队，本人受重伤阵亡，号称 Viscount Nelson。
! @: O4 }4 A" R0 Y$ t　　3 A, 在英国，按照传统，多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相，首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。
　　4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。
4 Z3 y( \4 Y# C8 Z- `　　5 B, 在英国，在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党，它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁（shadow cabinet）。
　　6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。
　　7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样，20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。
8 K9 i- k6 F! `　　8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点，如今的英国的煤矿业衰退，从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。
　　9 B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的，后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高，生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。
5 ^: S" v$ a0 W　　10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级，即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。