练习题: 2 {: m* M- `4 r" ?
1 How many members are there in the House of Commons? / K: M( y& @/ M. V8 c0 n0 l
A 650 B 524 C 72 D 651 . c4 ` [& f1 s1 z( F2 {+ b$ F
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2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British Prime Minister? 0 n. m7 G% | t! { p& V1 k
A Margaret Thatcher B Winston Churchill C Horatio Nelson D John Major " z# Q+ l" d# T. [/ n
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3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. # A; c# o( d- K
A Prime Minister B Member of Parliament
4 v; I( A$ \' k$ A2 KC Lord of appeal D Speaker of the House # O$ G: S+ b- C
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4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
# u& a+ V2 a/ F& WA the Labour Party B the Conservative Party
/ Q) g& G2 b# B. w2 D, N7 HC the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party ) [+ ^" }9 c* D( _
% ]1 i4 u! R8 t5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House of Commons becomes the official Opposition. . Z& y4 Y9 |* V: l1 K, }
A largest B second largest C third largest D fourth largest
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6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline. ( r R* @) ]5 b7 G
A political B educational C military D economic i, }' _' W1 Y: T
8 K& J1 L" }7 Y# P! a/ P! L. Z' H7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.
& k& C l7 t G/ lA globalization B nationalization C privatization D competition
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8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry. 9 U, o! }4 `" y+ r0 L( R
A coal mining B iron and steel C textiles D shipbuilding 3 y1 q% Y. ^8 d
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9 The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ____ modified and improved the design in 1765. / L9 h9 U7 z- A
A Abraham Darby B James Watt C John Kay D Richard Arkwrightthe
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10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.
: q. ^; M8 E- J' X/ v* I9 F4 ~9 eA The Chartist Movement B The Industrial Revolution
: l1 {# G0 S6 p* B, yC The French Revolution D The Glorious Revolution
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1 D, 下议院共有651名议员。
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2 C, 撒切尔夫人,丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相;而纳尔逊(1758-1805),英国海军统帅,因作战负伤,右眼失明,失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令,在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队,本人受重伤阵亡,号称 Viscount Nelson。 0 |+ |6 l T& ?5 p- |& Y1 i) _7 C
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3 A, 在英国,按照传统,多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相,首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。 % J- G( d# G) B4 ]& H2 W/ c! Z
5 J: {+ h! D. f4 D4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。 " L) d8 p V; ]9 ^/ f& ?
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5 B, 在英国,在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党,它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet)。
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6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。
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7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样,20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。 8 C! n) ^) Q- g3 d7 {
. _0 D- ^" Q' W6 }7 ~ H/ V I8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点,如今的英国的煤矿业衰退,从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。
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9 B, 第一台蒸汽机是 Thomas Newcomer 在17世纪末设计的,后来苏格兰发明家瓦特在1765年对原有的设计进行了改进提高,生产出了第一台高效的蒸汽机并应用到纺织和其他机械业中。 8 Q, w" k9 r. P, ^) v1 f ^
5 n. w* h$ b/ l7 S5 r10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级,即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度。 |