专业英语八级人文知识(5)

会计考友

英国概况
练习题：
1 Britain was the first country to industrialize because of the following factors except _____.
A Britain was well placed geographically to participate in European and world trade.
' Q8 _  f& F% j, e" FB Britain had many rivers, which were useful for transport.
  G, K& ^, Y) O$ q$ H% pC British engineers had sound training and the inventors were respected.
D British government was increasingly interested in overseas and colonies after the 17th century.
2 The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The _____ has very little power.
A queen B monarch C prime minister D king
3 Which party has always had strong links with the trade unions and received financial support from them?
A the Labor Party B the Conservative Party
6 Z4 l! \  l% x2 u& H: n$ o, mC the Liberal Party D the Social Democratic Party
4 On accepting ____, the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with powers limited by Parliament, began.
A Constitutional Law B The Declaration of Independence
C Civil Law D Bill of Rights
5 Females were allowed to vote in national elections until ____.
3 j/ O( \1 q; ?: xA 1918 B 1916 C 1920 D 1896
7 e( Z( Y% x+ `" ~6 The British North America Act of 1867 established ____ as a domain.
A Australia B Canada C New Zealand D India
7 During World War II, as a war leader, _____ received massive popular support and led his country to final victory in 1945.
) ]- A. @* n+ R9 |4 XA Harold Wilson B Edward Heath C Franklin Roosevelt D Winston Churchill
. q) _1 k" P& l( [8 The Falkland Islands war was between Britain and _____.
A France B New Zealand C Argentina D Australia
1 G2 {, x/ o2 r( F9 In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns.
5 p! Q# d3 \$ w7 N- O, x- Y, y" AA civic election B by-election C popular election D general election
10 In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.
* |0 c$ h, {" I8 j( g% cA the Lord Chancellor B the Monarch C the Prime Minister D the King
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- l) `6 V4 s+ X* q练习题答案及题解:
3 w. B' q+ r* o1 D, 英国之所以能成为世界上最早开始工业化的国家,原因有很多。但英国是从17世纪以后逐步开始对海外贸易和开拓海外殖民地产生浓厚兴趣的。
; D* d/ x8 N6 ^8 \( k1 l2 B, 英国是君主立宪制国家，国王或女王（君主）几乎没什么实质性的权力。
3 A, 保守党和自由党是英国最早成立的两个党派。大致来说，保守党是中上层阶级的党，它得到大公司财政上的支持；而工党，主要得到工会的支持，它的支持者主要是中产阶级和知识分子。
; V1 P( ]9 r) \8 a; n) ~4 D, 《权利法案》的签署，标志着英国进入了君主立宪制时代，一个君主几乎没有什么实质性权力并受制于议会的时代。
, {* @: T. j4 g+ R: W. g9 n9 }) c5 A, 直到1918年妇女才在全国大选中享有选举权。
. x/ x7 Y% C, ^( ~6 B, 《1867年英国北美法案》将加拿大纳为它的自治领。
7 D, 在第二次世界大战中，当时的英国首相丘吉尔作为战争统帅受到了英国人民的广泛拥戴，并带领英国人民赢得了战争的最后胜利。
8 C, 福克兰群岛战役是发生在英国和阿根廷着这两个国家之间。位于大西洋南部的福克兰群岛从1892年起就是英国的海外殖民地，1982年阿根廷开始控制这些岛屿，但是英国最终打败了阿根廷，并重新占领了这些岛屿。
. V- D# L8 ]4 Q0 z9 B, 英国的下院议会成员中有人去世、退休或辞职时，就要进行补缺选举。
! _/ g1 f; p* O10 C, 在英国，部长们是由首相推荐，女王加以任命的。