英语专业 四级词汇与语法全真模拟练习40

会计考友

　　下面我们先来看一道题目:　　
　　 (03-41)
　　Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat _____ by far the biggest cereal crop.　　
8 L# q1 U5 Z# _　　A. is B. been C. be D. being　　
　　Key: D
2 U8 d5 \2 t6 C# O9 E) z& }　　本题考的是独立主格结构。　　
　　没错,今天我们要来复习的就是独立逐个结构.准备好笔记了吗?
　　1）名词 / 代词 + 分词
9 S. z3 c* d8 b1 ]9 j: i" c　　The foreign travelers had many talks with the natives, the guide acting as an interpreter.
　　He being absent, nothing could be done.
- i( @8 w- Q0 G, W' |8 o3 p% C  |　　The floor being wet and slippery, we stay outside.
6 c' z% C! ^- s7 {　　All things considered, I think I ought to award the job to Mrs. Smith.
　　•1. 独立主格结构的语法形式是：主语+非谓语动词。
7 A) M. [# X" ~- J9 v% P3 ]( A　　•2. 非谓语动词有三种：（1）to + v.
9 s" G& O" u/ w0 i3 S7 e　　• （2）v. –ing
$ ?5 M+ ~  U' ?　　• （3）v. –ed
; u# A; x( _) L& h: K# L　　•3. 非谓语动词的特点：
　　• 1) 时间关系：（1） 不定式具有后时性
　　• （2） –ing 分词具有同时性
　　• （3） –ed 分词具有先时性
　　e.g. Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.
7 f% Y& J, J4 b6 M4 q" b4 l　　They visited Danxia Mountain yesterday, Miss Lee acting as the tourist guide.
　　His work done, he went home.
! z6 }4 B* U  X  g　　2）逻辑主语与非谓语动词的关系：
　　(1) –ing分词表主动
　　(2) –ed分词表被动
9 r/ l/ F5 J: y. r" a3 }　　e.g. He being sick in bed, the team had to find a replacement.
2 u2 ^6 U# Q1 O$ i5 t7 t, B　　Weather permitting, we will go picnicking this weekend.
* H- i7 N( T' l" F1 C4 r; E　　The friendly match being over, the players of the two countries shook hands with each other.
8 f" L* y& B5 W/ L7 r　　All the tickets sold out, they returned home disappointed.
　　The dispute settled, the meeting came to an end.
　　His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.　
& {  _. z: d% q% B# C2 c( f9 J　　现在你对独立主格的结构了解多少呢?那么喵喵跟你们讲一下解题要领,当然这是个人意见.如果你们有更好的解题办法记得告诉我哦!
　　(1) 找出非谓语动词的逻辑主语
; d+ H, ?7 j7 j, @- y1 I* N: n' O　　(2)弄清楚非谓语动词与逻辑主语的主被动关系
　　(3) 弄清楚非谓语动词与主句动词的时间关系
　　答案：1-5DDCCD