公共英语四级辅导：PETS4阅读精讲（56）

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 13:19:23

　　SectionⅡ Use of English
　　Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
　　Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges; teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that come from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.
　　In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.
　　21.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice
　　22.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance
　　23.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure
　　24.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because
　　25.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance
　　26.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed
　　27.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise
　　28.[A]in effect[B]as a result[C]for example[D]in a sense
　　29.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]exchanging
　　30.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple
　　31.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation
　　32.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security
　　33.[A]particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely
　　34.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short
　　35.[A]if only[B]now that[C]so that[D]even if
　　36.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something
　　37.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone
　　38.[A]on the contrary[B]on the average [C]on the whole[D]on the other hand
　　39.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking
　　40.[A]capabilities[B]responsibilities[C]proficiency [D]efficiency
　　Reading comprehension
　　Some of the world’s most accommodating businessmen specialize in getting you what you what you want at a fair market price. But they are businessmen with a difference-they are strugglers who deal only in what is illegal.
　　A smuggling operation is complex, so it has to be business like. It has managers who plan trips, make deals, and arrange for purchases and pickups. It has travelers who deliver the goods, and specialists who recruit and train them. In fact, smugglers frequently have legitimate businesses on the side. A travel agency is helpful because the modern smuggler is a world traveler. When a gold smuggler was arrested recently, he had airline tickets from Geneva to Bangkok by way of Frankfurt, Istanbul, Beirut, Vancouver, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Manila, and Jakarta.
　　The best places for smuggling operations are border cities and seaports. In one such city, annual sales at local stores amounted to $6,900 for every person in town. But the average person only made $3,575 per year. A tiny seaport is the world’s third largest importer of Swiss watchers-every year, it buys 50 watches to every person in the city. obviously, the people in these cities are not buying all this merchandises-it is being bought by smugglers.
　　As one exporter wrote,” the ingenuity of the smuggler’s mind is virtually limitless.” In addition to carrying goods, there are other types of smuggling equipment. A diplomat was arrested in London with 298 watched sewn into his coat lining. British officials discovered a car with a special gas tank containing 2,581 illegal watched. But some smugglers don’t need special equipment. A good diamond smuggler can hide two to three small diamonds in his mouth and still carry on a normal conversation.
　　What makes people smuggle? profit is definitely a motive. over $1.5 billion in illegal gold alone is smuggled every year, not to mention a multimillion dollar art smuggling trade and a thriving business in illegal diamonds. But many smugglers love excitement as much as profit. As one said,” you don’t feel happy unless you have a line open and somebody making a run for you.”
　　1.
　　Smugglers are called businessmen because___.
　　A. they specialize in illegal business
　　B. they follow a certain operation and management system
　　C. they receive training in business management
　　D. they do some legitimate business
　　A. Careful training is required to teach animals to perform tricks involving numbers.
　　2.
　　A smuggling operation is likely to succeed if____.
　　A. it is carried out in small cities
　　B. it is helped by people doing legitimate business
　　C. the smuggled goods are carried to faraway places
　　D. the smuggled goods are hidden in the smuggler’s clothes
　　3.
　　According to one expert, smugglers____.
　　A. would always like to use some kind of equipment
　　B. can provide you with anything you want
　　C. are often government officials
　　D. always invent new ways of doing things
　　4.
　　We can learn from the paragraph that____.
　　A. the most important thing for smugglers is to make money
　　B. some smugglers only seek excitement
　　C. gold, art works and diamonds are the most often smuggled goods
　　D. smugglers always ask other people to do illegal businesses for them
　　5.
　　The best title for the passage would be____.
　　A. A twisted international business
　　B. A efficient international business
　　C. A complex international business
　　D. A modern international business

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 13:19:24

</p>
　　Certain animals have an intuitive awareness of quantities. They know without analysis the difference between a number of objects ands a smaller number. In his book The Natural History of Selbourne (1786), the naturalist Gilbert White tells how he surreptitiously removed one egg a day to make up plover’s nest, and how the mother laid another egg each day to make up for the missing one. He noted that other species of birds ignore the absence of a single egg but abandon their nest if more than one egg has been removed. It has also been noted by naturalist that a certain type of wasp always provides five-never four, never six-caterpillars for each of their eggs so that their young have something to eat when the eggs hatch. Research has also shown that both mice and pigeons can be taught to distinguish between odd and even numbers of food pieces.
　　These and similar accounts have led some people to infer that creatures other than human can actually count. They also point to dogs that have been taught to respond to numerical questions with the correct number of barks, or to horses that seem to solve arithmetic problem by stomping their hooves number of times.
　　Animals respond to quantities only when they are connected to survive as a species-as in the case of the eggs-or survive as individuals -as in the case of food. There is on transfer to other situations or from concrete reality to the abstract notion of numbers. Animals can “count” only when the objects are present and only when the numbers involved are small-no more than seven or eight. In lab experiments, animals trained to count one kind of object were unable to count any other type. The objects, not the numbers, are what interest them. Animal’s admittedly remarkable achievements simply do not amount to evidence of counting, nor do they reveal more than innate instinct, refined by the genes of successive generations, or the results of clever, careful conditioning by trainers.
　　6.
　　What is the main idea of the passage?
　　A. Careful training is required to teach animals to perform tricks involving numbers
　　B. Animas cannot count more than one kind of object
　　C. of all animals, dogs and horses can count best
　　D. Although some animals may be aware of quantities, they cannot actually count
　　7.
　　The author refers to Gilbert’s book in paragraph 1 in order to___.
　　A. show how attitudes have changed since 1786
　　B. Contradict the idea that animals can count.
　　C. provide evidence that some birds are aware of quantities.
　　D. Indicate that more research is needed in this field.
　　8.
　　The word “surreptitiously” in line 4 is closest in meaning to ___.
　　A. quickly
　　B. secretly
　　C. occasionally
　　D. stubbornly
　　9.
　　The author mentions that all of the following are aware of quantities in some way EXCEpT___.
　　A. plovers
　　B. mice
　　C. caterpillars
　　D. wasps
　　10.
　　According to the information in the passage, which of the following is LEAST likely to occur as a result of animal’s intuitive awareness of quantities?
　　A. A pigeon is more attracted by a box containing two pieces of food than by a box containing one piece.
　　B. When asked by its trainer how old it is, a monkey holds up five fingers.
　　C. When one of its four kittens crawls away, a mother cat misses it and searches for the missing kitten.
　　D. A lion follows one antelope instead of a herd of antelopes because it is easier to hunt a single prey.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 13:19:25

</p>
　　American humor and American popular heroes were born together. The first popular heroes of the new nation were comic heroes, and the first popular humor of the new nation was the antics of its hero-clowns. The heroic and the comic were combined in novel American proportions in popular literature.
　　The heroic themes are obvious enough and not much different from those in the legends of other times and places: Achilles, Beowulf, Siegfried, Roland, and King Arthur. The American Davy Crockett legends repeat the familiar pattern of the old world heroic story: the pre-eminence of a mighty hero whose fame in myth has a tenuous basis in fact; the remarkable birth and precocious strength of the hero; single combats in which he distinguished himself against antagonists, both man and beast; vows and boasts; pride of the hero in his weapons, his dog, and his woman.
　　Davy Crockett conquered man and beast with a swaggering nonchalance. He overcame animals by force of body and will. He killed four wolves at the age of six. He hugged a bear to death; he killed a rattlesnake with his teeth. He mastered the forces of nature. Crockett’s most famous natural exploit was saving the earth on the coldest day in history. First, he climbed a mountain to determine the trouble. Then he rescued all creation by squeezing bear-grease on the earth’s frozen axis and over the sun’s icy face. He whistled, “ push along, keep moving!” The earth gave a grunt and began moving.
　　Neither the fearlessness nor the bold huntsman’s prowess was peculiarly American. Far more distinctive was the comic quality, all heroes are heroic; few are also clowns. What made the American popular hero heroic also made him comic. May be, said Crockett, you’ll laugh at me, and not at my book. The ambiguity of American life and the vagueness which laid the continent open to adventure, which made the land a rich storehouse of the unexpected, which kept vocabulary ungoverned and the language fluid----this same ambiguity suffused both the Crockett legends were never quite certain whether to laugh or to applaud, or whether what they saw and heard was wonderful, awful, or ridiculous.
　　11.
　　What is the main point the author makes in the passage?
　　A. American popular literature was based on the legends of other times and places.
　　B. American popular heroes were characteristically comic.
　　C. Davy Crockett wrote humorous stories about mastering the nature.
　　D. The Davy Crockett stories reflected the adventurous spirit of early America.
　　12.
　　Achilles, Beowulf, and other heroes are mentioned in paragraph 2 to
　　A. Conclude heroic deeds described in old world heroic legends.
　　B. Show the role they play in the world legend history.
　　C. Compare their popularity with that of the American heroes.
　　D. Show their similar heroic nature with the American heroes.
　　13.
　　Daviy Crockett is an example of
　　A. A hero-clown.
　　B. A popular writer.
　　C. An old world hero.
　　D. A heroic theme.
　　14.
　　Which of the following is the most well-known heroic act of David Crockett?
　　A. Saving the sun.
　　B. Rescuing all living things on the earth.
　　C. Killing four wolves.
　　D. Killing a rattlesnake. wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM
　　15.
　　In paragraph 4, the author makes the point that
　　A. American writers strove to create a distinctively American literature.
　　B. American enjoyed laughing at other people.
　　C. Americans valued comic qualities more than heroic qualities.
　　D. American life was open to adventure and full of the unexpected.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 13:19:26

</p>
　　After the Anasazi abandoned southwestern Colorado in the late 1200s or early 1300s, history’s pages are blank. The Anasazi were masons and apartment builders who occupied the deserts, river valleys, and mesas of this region for over a thousand years, building structures that have weathered the test of time.
　　The first Europeans to visit southwestern Colorado were the ever restless, ambitious Spanish, who sought gold, pelts, and slaves. I 1765, under orders from the Spanish governor in Santa Fe, Juan Maria Antonio Rivera led a prospecting and trading partly into the region. Near the Dolores River in southwestern Colorado, he found some insignificant silver-bearing rocks, and it is thought that it was he who named the mountains nearby the Sierre De la plata or the Silver Mountains. Rivera found little of commercial value that would interest his superiors in Santa Fa, but he did open up a route that would soon lead to the establishment of the old Spanish Trait. This expedition and others to follow left names on the land which are the only reminder we have today the Spanish once explored this region.
　　In 1776, one of the men who had accompanies Rivera, Andre Muniz, acted as guide for another expedition. That party entered southwestern Colorado in search of a route west to California, traveling near today’s towns of Durango and Dolores. Along the way, they camped at the base of a large green mesa which taday carries the name Mesa Verde. They were the first Europeans to record the discovery of an Anasazi archaeological site in southwestern Colorado.
　　By the early 1800s, American mountain men and trappers were exploring the area in their quest for beaver pelts. Men like peg-leg Smith were outfitted with supplies in the crossroads trapping town of Taos, New Mexicio. These adventurous American trappers were a tough bunch. They possibly more than any other newcomers, penetrated deeply into the mountain fastness of southwestern Colorado, bringing back valuable information about the area and discovering new routes through the mountains. one of the trappers, William Becknell, the father of the Santa Fe Trail, camped in the area Mesa Verde, where he found pottery shards, stone houses, and other Anasazi remains.
　　16.
　　The passage mainly discuss about
　　A. early exploration of Colorado
　　B. The history of the Anazazi in Colorado.
　　C. The Spanish influence in Colorado.
　　D. Economic exploitation of Colorado.
　　17.
　　The masons and apartment buildings built by the Anasaz ____.
　　A. show strong aesthetic value
　　B. Show high standard of culture development.
　　C. Withstand the wear of the centuries.
　　D. Were later destroyed by the Spanish.
　　18.
　　Europeans first visit Southwestern Colorado to____.
　　A. study the archaeology of the region
　　B. Seek commercial profit
　　C. open up a route to California
　　D. Be ruler of the region
　　19.
　　What do we know about the 1776 expedition?
　　A. Andre Muniz was the head of the expedition party.
　　B. The party discovered an Anasazi archaeological site in Mesa Verde.
　　C. Druango and Dolores are two towns named by the party.
　　D. The purpose of the expedition was to look for a way to reach California.
　　20.
　　In paragraph 4, the author suggests that____.
　　A. Mountain men and trappers survived in harsh conditions.
　　B. peg-leg Smith owned a trading post in New Mexico.
　　C. American trappers traded with the Spanish.
　　D. Beaver pelts were becoming scarce in Colorado in the 1800s.

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-14 13:19:27

</p>　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on answer sheet 2.
　　21)
　　Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to”, says dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
　　22)
　　The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark”. By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “people cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’ve doing it.”Says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous.”
　　perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day.
　　23)
　　Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme.
　　24)
　　“ In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition”. 转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]
　　25)
　　To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David, “short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”
　　Writing
　　Direction:
　　A.Title: Fast Food
　　B.Word limit: about 200 words
　　C.Your composition should be based on the outline given in Chinese below
　　1.快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。
　　2.A.快餐受欢迎有两个原因。
　　B.然而，从营养角度来讲，快餐却差强人意。
　　3.对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。
　　Oral Test
　　Interlocutor:
　　I’m going to give each of you a picture and I’d like you to first briefly describe and then give your comment on what you see in the picture.
　　(put picture 1 in front of both candidates)
　　Candidate A, this is your picture. You have three minutes to talk about it.
　　Candidate B, listen carefully while Candidate A is speaking. When he/she has finished, I’d like you to ask him/her a question about what he/she has said.
　　Candidate A, would you like to begin now, please?
　　Candidate A:(Three minutes)
　　Interlocutor:
　　Thank you. Now, candidate B, could you please ask your partner a question?
　　(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)
　　(Take back picture 1 and put picture 2 in front of both candidates)
　　ok, Candidate B, here is your picture. You also have three minutes to talk about your picture.
　　Candidate A, listen carefully while Candidate B is speaking. When he/she is finished, I’d like you to ask him/her a question about what he/she has said.
　　Candidate B, would you like to begin now, please?
　　Candidate B:(Three minutes)
　　Interlocutor:
　　Thank you. Now, Candidate A, could you please ask your partner a question?
　　(Half a minute for asking and answering the question)
　　Thank you. That is the end of the test.

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[PETS四级] 公共英语四级辅导：PETS4阅读精讲（56）