4.动词的语态: - @$ V s+ P# B3 p" N 动词的语态有主动语态(主语是动作的发出者)和被动语态(主语是动作的承受者)。被动语态由be/get+过去分词构成,be/get体现时态变化。主动变被动时,时态保持不变;动作的执行者由by短语表示;get+过去分词侧重动作的效果,通常不与表示一段时间的状语连用,其一般现在时/一般过去时变否定式,疑问时要借助助动词。6 H& p7 L0 I+ U! v2 _$ @) u$ h! R' g
They make bikes.: w0 S" O. m2 k, L0 [9 ]7 c
Bikes are made by them. ; {+ r, k& c7 `6 @ _/ A/ y+ Z When did she get married? * I9 V+ T" w4 b' E9 o How did the window get broken? ) H4 U0 V. n e- b 注意:+ o/ z* A* @) P% i+ v) ]) l
(1)不及物动词一般没有被动语态。# d5 M$ y# H, L! |
The sun sets in the west.% q5 M8 u8 k/ P' `/ G: k8 B7 ~
易错的常见的不用被动语态的不及物动词有:rise, set, happen, break out, take place, fall, lie, die, etc.