</p> ④ 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“the + 比较级(主语 + 谓语),the + 比较级(主语 + 谓语)”的结构(意为“越……越……”)。如:* z: B( n# g& _# N! n/ l# O
The harder he works, the happier he feels.
: i& ^- N/ E8 A2 v ⑤ 不与其他事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级 + and + 比较级”的结构。如:
Q) R1 q1 p! r) ~: z& D+ [% M The weather is getting colder and colder.' P1 s# U' Q( I% D. k
The girl becomes more and more beautiful., t2 W% Z' r& G
⑥ 某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than。这些词有inferior(劣等的,次的)、superior(较好的,优于……)、junior(资历较浅的)、senior(资格较老的)、prior(在……之前)等。$ L6 y2 q: U/ ]% s# K @ k
He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry.. Y. [9 b- f) B
⑦ 在比较从句中为了避免重复,我们通常用that(those)、one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物,one既可指人又可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词。2 Q: r& y/ ?1 ~! G9 \: D( `
The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk.: n2 H, F5 X( q0 O5 [6 [) F$ ^ u2 Y* R
A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.# c! r& l+ {( R' M7 w
⑧ 倍数表达法。* u l3 N) y s3 Y9 x
(A)A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.. I: t3 }4 {2 c) Q: \5 s( Z$ O* v4 T
如:The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.: t6 j5 A( b# d+ H* y' d/ V% |
(B)A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.
2 p3 \ X* U4 @ 如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.$ o1 ]6 Y- z% M: \
(C)A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.( W" N+ F- o2 }9 s9 e4 x" Z& Y1 e
如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.
7 Q4 t) r1 t' C. Z+ t' C: v% W 用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.+ h# K' ?$ g1 R9 A
3.最高级的用法
' j9 m2 {6 \" [2 ?8 ]. M( x ①三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。如:1 E4 z8 M5 j0 p9 V& A! S* w) e: k3 z
Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.' M i6 t5 G) o
He works(the)hardest in his class.2 v, I% Q9 j j' O
②最高级可被序数词以及much、by far、nearly、almost 、by no means、not quite、not really、nothing like等词语所修饰。如:7 B# B' k+ l" K3 C a( ]% S. C4 U: Y
This hat is by far / much / nearly / almost / not nearly / by no means / not quite / nothing like the biggest.
# B+ N6 j; j0 w9 o1 T# S, m$ c How much did the second most expensive hat cost?7 c4 _- K' P$ c- C# g) B( O2 [
③表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent、extreme、perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。: T1 S# s' [3 q3 c P' p
④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词往往省略。如:
. j7 R! @( s0 n$ ^/ y* q He is the tallest(boy)in his class.3 }6 V- f0 ~; q' [" y
⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。如:
( u7 O5 z h, K9 S7 t. Z& a Of all the boys he came(the)earliest. |