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[商务实战] 商务英语合同方面的六个语言特色 (一)

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发表于 2012-8-14 18:53:09 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
 第一部分、用词方面) @; y' y# K9 \; R6 ?
  多用正式或法律上的用词,与口头表述不同,合同是法律性的正式书面文件,使用正式的、法律的用词是必要的。合同起草者应多加强这方面的学习。比如:
- o; w; I6 v3 ]; p) |9 X  1、At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment./ G! b$ ]5 a' o: Y$ [- W
  应乙方要求,甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。assist 较 help
' H) o: e- Q1 e7 U1 `! R5 Y( H- _/ b  2、The personnel shall not to partake in any political activities in Iraq.
$ @3 V' W  r5 ]( J' g0 |  所有人员不得参加伊拉克国内的任何政治活动。partake in 较 take part in 正式;
- o' ]7 y8 S! @9 l# l  3、The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel.
! |5 f7 L1 k, L2 r0 I  雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。render 较 give 正式;
- @$ \! E/ R9 U. S* _5 k, ?7 l* @  4、Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Guangzhou.4 T" b" P2 \3 `5 Q" M
  甲方应将病人遣返中国并负责其返回广州的旅费。repatriate 较 send back 正式;
2 j1 r( F7 @$ ?0 F9 m( d  5、This Contract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of China., `8 a3 }7 f9 E4 p
  本合同受中国法律管辖,并按中国法律解释。construe 较 explain,interpret 正式;
; {! d/ m7 i& V  X" {5 f& Z  6、The Employer may object to and require the Contractor to replace forthwith any of its authorized representatives who is incompetent.
$ Y8 F  i- Z( x+ z) F4 ~/ N0 A  雇主认为承包人委派的授权代表不合格时,可以反对并要求立即撤换。require较ask正式;公文体forthwith 较 at once 正式;3 @7 S& B6 B8 H; X+ B' Z
  7、The Chairperson may convene an interim meeting based on a proposal made by one-third of the total number of directors.: \) B3 T0 ]; T
  董事长可以根据董事会过1/3董事的提议而召集临时董事会议。convene,interim 都是正式用词。
5 {8 P$ Q3 |, A  Y" @# B* b  8、In case one party desires to sell or assign all or part of its investment subscribed, the other party shall have the preemptive right.
9 K6 p5 D& S. u* j: I8 L( l  如一方想出售或转让其投资之全部或部分,另一方有优先购买权。法律用词assign 较 transfer 正式。0 L) `) F+ W) N2 d6 `( V( {! T* g
  9、In processing transactions, the manufacturers shall never have title either to the materials or the finished products.% Z  B) Q3 Y7 P& e" y( p
  加工贸易中,厂方无论是对原料还是成品都无所有权。 法律用词title 较 ownership 正式。
, a% ~$ o( q% L! h  10、The term "Effective date" means the date on which this Agreement is duly executed by the parties hereto.
  H5 X; l0 d0 [" ~9 U  “生效期”指双方合同签字的日子。 法律用词execute 较 sign 正式。
! m4 l& I# l7 z1 H* O  c9 a$ [) {  第二部分、用词方面. m$ N5 Q2 h$ L! F5 z
  多使用"here","there","where"等前缀,下面这么多是不是有点头昏眼花?初学时确实容易搞混,告诉你个小窍门,here 代表 this,there 代表 that,where 代表 what/which,就容易记多了。% A1 A& \6 N6 q8 z
  hereafter = after this time; 今后
0 Y% `/ N" Y0 Q6 t  hereby = by means/reason of this; 特此
: }+ O+ E) l: q8 Q" ]0 o  herein = in this; 此中,于此% K) \& v* Z/ l, U0 S& w# j2 z
  hereinafter = later in this contract; 在下文% K% G  {5 m  t
  thereafter = afterwards; 此后,后来7 V% O' {* L4 a- W. \8 x
  thereby = by that means; 因此;由此;在那方面
# o' i1 K$ J# d  N  therein = from that; 在那里;在那点上
' C1 c) W% v$ \  thereinafter = later in the same contract; 以下;在下文
7 h- C1 Y+ {' ]6 i7 b2 {/ [" N  whereby = by what; by which; 由是;凭那个
" v. b9 L% c  k7 q% H  wherein = in what; in which; 在哪里;在哪点上
0 p5 w* M" B* E" ^+ ^% d  ……8 m9 H- P3 l' B
  第三部分、用词方面3 K' ^2 G* u! G% @
  多用"shall"代替"will"或"should"加强语气和强制力。合同中,shall并非单纯表示将 来时,而常用来表示法律上可强制执行的义务,具有约束力,宜译为“应”、“应该”、“必须”; will无论语气还是强制力要比shall弱,宜译为“将”、“原”、“要”;should通常只用来表示语气较强的假设、比如“万一”。
6 y1 m, \4 C# u4 \: G  1、This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed.
, Z& S  x: U5 \$ W3 u  本合同签字生效。
4 l+ t$ G; B1 K  g3 W" Z8 u/ n1 ?  2、This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies.
/ A$ k) H0 l9 d5 S  本合同应以英文写成,一式四份,双方各持两份。
2 B1 A% e2 @# G" z
; A4 Z; F% C6 X7 m- c% J 
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