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[BEC中级] 写作指导:2011年商务英语考试写作讲议第二讲(1)

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发表于 2012-8-14 19:56:54 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  评分标准:
, m2 |; n5 z- O级别
1 b/ R" j  ]  I( b) O* e# E
: i0 l+ w# j" k) v6 N* v- C第一部分分数 7 Y. L3 C! R9 j
第二部分分数 ( ?9 ^* g) b, J0 J7 Q0 t% e
51 ^& U% H" @, M& @7 ?/ w7 G
全部完成答题要求
% B/ v2 x) _! ]- D, l) o所有内容点都已包括在内并在答题要求允许的情况下加以发挥 语言规范、自然;错误最少,均属小错。 多样化的语言结构和丰富的词汇量。 组织效果好,注意前后呼应。 语域和格式完全适当。 给读者的印象极佳。
7 n1 K. A) W4 y3 W4 y) Z) e* J9或10分
8 A7 ^% W( N* c  P  r$ O' d1 T18或20分
! e+ f& D  W% @* e3 o4* ?  h) H/ H! d0 Y3 S
较好的完成答题要求
4 w# ^/ a8 D7 h5 h所有内容点都处理得不错。 大体准确;运用复杂语言时有错误。 结构合理,用词准确。 大体上组织较好,注意逻辑关系。 语域和格式总体来说适当。 给读者的印象良好。
" ^; Z1 W. a1 a0 o" v( W3 H; F7或8分
- W$ a% \. q' L0 R. q# ^14或16分 : W$ j" y" m1 G$ m& o
3" r+ l' e( j% H' y* a& U
尚能达到答题要求
0 r' U( K8 P  j+ b& I所有的主要内容点已包括进去,遗漏了一些次要的内容。 出现一些错误,但不妨碍交流。 结构和词汇掌握范围适度。 组织和安排总的来说令人满意。 语域和格式尚可,虽然并不完全成功。 给读者的印象较好。
% c0 u& _8 |4 C( R) r  w5或6分
/ ?2 @& y: O7 y$ S8 Z! u10或12分
+ s; }' s8 q+ ~1 R2
+ y, P# |) A, s2 j不能完全达到答题要求
9 G* B, i4 o  n7 E. W( n遗漏了一些主要的内容点或者处理得不充分,可能有些不切题。 有时错误影响清楚交流,错误较多,使读者感到迷惑。 结构、词汇掌握范围有限。 内容条理不清、不连贯,造成理解困难。 语域和格式不适当。 给读者的印象不佳。
3 N% g0 c& i3 G; v2 u1 Z/ i& O3或4分 6 v) E& ^7 ^8 ^" C7 b( h9 G- U
6或8分
8 s( I& f/ C& b1 Q; h7 \1
% Q! K2 K6 f) p  x未能达到答题要求
- O9 I% h6 h3 \显著的内容遗漏/或大量内容不相关,可能由于对题目要求的误解。 严重不规范,经常出现基本错误。 题目要求的结构和词汇几乎没有提到。 缺乏组织,造成交流失败。 几乎没有使用适当的语域和格式。 给读者的印象极差。
. W% ?& J8 ~9 E/ a+ ?# I1或2分
: U" q6 V. l5 d  J  U/ L/ o2或4分 4 Y, Q) f' f7 d1 K- G
0
9 _* t8 _5 {6 k8 ~4 B* `什么要求也没达到。字数少于所需字数的25%,或是完全不能辨认或是完全不切题。 0 n; r. n/ j! f$ y& w. Z4 O# ~
0分 7 G% k7 I1 J5 k( `6 W, }' O/ \
0分 ' P! }7 _- Z( Q1 V, Z' A
  评分的五个方面:& z" r0 D" N' _5 ?7 W1 u% x, z% }! y5 `
  1 content9 O) n% C/ M$ s8 k# g4 b9 }
  2 language0 ^# D  d6 {2 d; J* A! D
  3 structure & vocabulary
* @# C+ O+ T6 n; L& k( p  4 organisation  ~1 W! T. q  s% z1 E. @- r
  展开论述上面的5个方面:
1 y2 t( |4 \- \: E  1. 内容的完整性
9 G) n8 G6 U( x: F* P7 H0 [  2. 语言
: {+ }( w7 A  w- Z6 A" ~( s   6C原则. @/ s- ?  x( x. M8 c" G* W
  1.准确(correctness)- [# d" Y: R$ Y
  包括四层意义,即阅读人能理解、接受的英语水平;使用精确措词,传达准确信息;正确地使用语法和标点符号;拼写正确。
8 Z0 _; w+ ]/ ]9 y2 Y  (1)恰当的语言风格
# x4 P: H% c7 h. D3 {# T  请比较下面两组例词:
8 n6 m/ p2 I/ R- [          Formal# t5 h0 d  ?0 T
            Informal
3 T  G5 A2 Q* I" Wapproximately
. S  O4 v4 E6 \! a: d* P. @inquire
. ]+ r  Y2 d; x. e3 Q3 Pascertain . X, m. Y  h" ~# ]3 e, f' E5 y$ Y
obtain
% X9 s* K* |/ ]2 e5 g/ Massist * F. ^& Q; w. r' m+ d& `+ d9 A
participate
+ r& E" a9 k! i6 ^; ?1 z5 J  bconstruct ) Q* M0 Z& m9 H7 J9 E
purchase  9 F4 ?; R6 O! V1 m/ u
contribute  ( t9 S! u& f& I+ Y$ K' B! b$ @
sufficient : y' j- M& u6 j$ h- W2 f$ w$ g
difficult / G7 O- y1 P" e& j( }
utilize 7 o) d. n: v/ B. |  N
About
. \  h1 |6 x* h9 l) R/ C0 T6 WAsk
. t  q! b3 C) ufind out
& q" x& `& M6 J+ L( n+ g3 `0 N, Dreceive
- K# N0 ~6 W( yhelp, v4 H- F5 E- M1 C' o% ]! i
share
# ?. z# ~. \3 U2 K6 |+ ubuild
, b# h& i/ N5 u$ ~buy  N- K8 r9 p, f" D4 F! S- n
give
4 @, g( \8 c, Menough6 G; s. T. y. Z8 r6 B/ s$ f+ S
hard
" E) h0 L( y1 @use( b  q0 b6 W/ P
  (2)准确的措词和信息
  y. r, R! {5 @- G. }  下面列出的是一系列极易混淆的单词及词组,请注意区分:+ r3 U  ~2 v9 `. w5 x: r
  a lot / allot9 l( I; j$ @. Z$ \* Y; Y6 K" {
  all right / alright
. x* l& l6 }. e" K2 |& ?  cannot / can not
# K3 x5 `& U. _, p: e  different from / different than4 T& x2 J" }  X' S3 T) J
  . due to / because of
3 i2 [/ o3 ?( w" _. R1 ]  effect / affect
0 c' j. l, K" v# P5 L# [+ o' w  fewer / less
) g( V6 |% ^6 G' M0 m1 t3 k! o% i  lie / lay
" G, J3 Y& R0 I. @  principal / principle
  D+ }: `4 k) z# B7 P  that /which
/ p, I5 M- C# r% d( x# x) R5 Y  their / them / they' re& S& x) M4 ]  O/ U  M
  wait for / wait on
* R- g/ [/ ^" q9 D: ~1 i  who / whom$ a+ u" Z5 Z3 B/ _; X2 n
  (3)正确的语法和标点符号 1 [) J- K1 K5 l  {1 Z, n/ z/ t' F
  (4)正确的拼写
4 w3 w- [3 v( k( |9 s  G' b9 ~8 W  2.清楚(Clarity)   # U0 u- C% U' O
  (1)逻辑布局(Logical Organization)
* z+ }. a- T3 i* R% u# g0 |; c  常用的逻辑布局方法包括:   ( ?; q3 M* T! J
  ①因果关系(Cause & Effect)
. u2 n9 w6 }# K  ②时间顺序(Chronological Development)* |* t/ K, \$ X' T2 b
  ③序列顺序(Sequential Development)
  s* ?! \' n6 E* C  ④比较(Comparison)2 j9 K7 I" X% T1 [, C& v# l4 ^" F
  ⑤一般到特殊(From General to Specific)  
7 n4 Q; H' ~2 |$ Q# v6 k8 l  ⑥特殊到一般(From Specific to General)
; N) G/ _& _2 T0 }4 S1 Z$ `  (2)合理构架句群与段落(Well-Written Sentences & Paragraphs)2 B/ x3 n+ M6 |& e1 E* X1 [
  例句:   
# B0 b  T6 ]2 h! L  修改前: Marshall Corporation was founded forty years ago, and it now has branch offices in four states, and it employs nearly 400 individuals.; P  W7 D" @5 O' [2 j3 p% _5 U! |
  修改后: Marshall Corporation was founded forty years ago. With branch offices in four states, it now employs nearly 400 individuals.
$ }% h1 Z( l0 O; |; a$ f  (3)统一性与一致性(Unity and Coherence)# {, \: p* [" a# K' B
  (4)强调(Emphasis): P0 {# c: \: c- B! s+ k) |$ {
  ①位置
1 v( P& i  |% _! t  ②重复
7 ~" O6 t- n2 n$ W7 i" J3 `  ③数量
, r/ Z. V' Y/ k6 E0 u  ④技巧
7 n% [7 T4 k1 V" M# Y' o  (5) 将句中关系紧密的词尽量靠近。
8 A8 i; `+ l% i, o: i0 f  比较下面三对句子:3 T2 n0 x) o4 @
  A. They bought a bicycle in Beijing in a small shop which costs $ 25.00.4 p9 o2 e! o$ i6 n
    They bought a bicycle for $25.00 in a small shop in Beijing.
( u) e/ k" j6 ?) {, E" j3 P  B. He was warned not to drink water even in a restaurant which had not been boiled.: F( \1 L% ?) _) i$ S$ s, h( k
    He was warned not to drink water which had not been boiled.  S* G* \5 X  H+ m+ |# |
  C. Those who work rapidly get ill in these conditions.
1 K, J# I- P2 D  G4 l5 m( t    Those who work in these conditions rapidly get ill.
/ a* G8 c: K7 ?* e8 m! w  (6) 避免在同一个句子中使用意义不同的同一个字。
/ t0 W" J8 r' k9 W  We shall take a firm line with the firm.
# d/ o; O7 Y- @" l0 L
# |5 F# Y: Q0 p6 [+ g+ O& A  We shall take a strong line with the film.
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 19:56:55 | 显示全部楼层

写作指导:2011年商务英语考试写作讲议第二讲(1)

</p>  3.简洁(Conciseness)% ^% G: z, F9 D3 I" P; Z# U
  A. We have begun to export our machine to countries abroad.
; t3 E. p+ Z5 ~! L6 Z1 s/ u    We have begun to export our machines.. a- k: T: r& X
  B. In the event that you speak to Mr. Wood in regard to production, ask him to give consideration to the delivery schedule.: M" @9 h" ~+ U4 K& w
    If you speak to Mr. Wood about production, ask him to consider the delivery schedule.$ R8 @! G. o0 X" o+ r! T5 L
  C .We require furniture which is of the new type.
/ I- l* o: r/ Q& G! A; Y& x    We require new-type furniture.
8 v' `: A; P( V5 k. U; t  (1)使用简洁的语言(Use simple language)0 m& g) \* w3 c9 v: X
  尽量使用      避免使用( H3 c3 e! p2 @2 ]+ x
  please       will you be good enough to
8 \4 X2 f) T1 k& A1 J5 x, J1 s  prefer       express a preference for
" g" J0 Z' f/ f. }! i% {, C$ X; t  because       for the reason that
2 A7 s- M, C( L2 h% F- x9 x8 Y' ~  (2) 少用陈词滥调(Omit trite expressions)( h9 i8 v+ j, C8 p4 X4 T
  as the case may be/ T0 o8 S( L0 _
  it has come to my attention$ I* p! a3 i+ C( O5 g
  at an early age
3 s4 y( r: D" l# a/ ]( j1 n6 ^  avail yourself of this opportunity3 `- x% U5 G/ v0 y$ a  }
  previous to
& X( E: s( ?0 M5 E8 I  crack of dawn6 g8 f- E5 b5 A; d7 @4 h+ Z" E6 p# B
  pursuant to your request: {1 ?$ A2 E1 s% A+ W0 B1 {# U
  take the liberty to" S) z: j' k1 T) w/ F8 z
  due to the fact that
  y+ S: e9 z- ]; h0 A5 |  thanking you in advance
4 b# A/ l$ A- B( `  enclosed herein7 Q- O" T: Q6 h% p/ m! @8 J9 g
  this is to inform you
0 m! _: @2 ~$ @5 Z: o  under separate cover$ G% ?2 }$ Y* C9 k
  with kindest regards
! m" P( ]# k9 [1 K6 e' i  I wish to state* ^+ w! {9 C* l& |  D( K4 e
  (3) 避免冗长的表达方式和不必要的重复(avoid wordy expressions & unnecessary repetition)。7 q5 e& `" O, W" |( c
   Wordy                           Concise8 Q# L# S! Y( u; ]3 j5 W+ y# O
  1. We would like to                   please
8 M( t5 V$ _4 q8 Z  2. For the month of August                for August# `8 M+ S. F) A7 T% y/ d: }$ n
  3. Pursuant to the end of this week           now: l* [# j. b& J$ M! W' }
  4. A long period of time                 a long time
  U, \  d' f- m3 X7 T1 K+ `" P  5. At this time                     now: l3 n+ g# Q* Z* K( y
  6. Is at this time                    is$ ?9 `6 {1 g8 A& }+ E
  7. The weight was higher than              the weight was greater than
8 v4 @* I! O5 S5 j! `' ~  8. I expected it to be                  expected
  Y- T- d' h$ ?' w  9. During the year of 1995                during 1995
. x4 F6 @; C, G  10. For the development of                for developing  d% d7 |5 b/ [, [5 L& z
  11. In the city of Dallas                in Dallas
$ m, x: H/ p  I* y7 d, C. f  12. The problem was that the car would not        the car would not start # }: F" k% v% {" @! j+ R
     start% ~# Y1 p  C5 Z7 \# a( Y
  13. Square in shape                   square
9 y, I" x0 M! a" K! b. N: r  14. in accordance with your request           you requested( {5 I' Z$ Y+ K6 D5 e' \( q6 Z
  15. Sign on the front of this form            sign this form! N- @; m$ q3 F8 k
  16. During the time that                 while
8 d+ E( E0 [6 U6 _  17. Consensus of opinion                 we agree
9 a- H8 T, J$ _6 T5 H' K# U  18. Remember the fact that                remember0 K" m* g0 E2 t
  19, Held a meeting                    met
- w! A. J+ {2 Q* u# d  20. this is the situation at this time          now
. ^" h1 F# I- h. O- V  m6 A4 w  (4)删改无关紧要的成份(Remove unneeded facts) 8 @3 D$ @/ I* C: \9 O  \4 s+ M
  A. It should be noted that this is the best we can do,
1 n% [4 x5 z1 Y7 W4 l1 V6 j3 }/ [  B. For your information we enclose a catalogue., x4 {9 n( n7 R+ S7 _
  C. Please be advised that we have received your invoice.
8 |8 @: g5 v4 Y" B+ X  1. as soon as possible             by July 10
6 Y- e9 U4 u8 Q& q9 d, o  2. as you indicated in your letter       as you indicated  c$ T$ s2 z/ S5 y) X( a& L" l
  3. at all times                always
9 O1 V  |+ n0 d8 d2 z  R  4. at this time                 now
8 y, l2 r' h3 b. K1 s& w  5. continue to utilize the old form until   start using the new form on February# @' e* G. Y2 Y3 w
   such time as the new form is available    1 s% I0 Z# @+ I7 u- x
  6. despite the fact that            despite0 |' g. i1 ]) Q
  7. for the month of April            for April
5 O( M$ K0 Z" p9 J+ E5 d0 X, b  8. for obvious reason that           because5 G7 O6 {! v- W7 \- b/ Y
  9. I would ask that you             please4 B9 o- a+ t9 \/ B9 s! ?' J8 L
  I0. in conjunction with             with
5 d- |9 K1 J$ J5 o  11. in the mere recent past           recently
' C2 J! J3 v: h( V, t! K* h# B  12. in the unlikely event that         if$ e! I7 u, A8 K" z3 L5 W+ ?
  13. in the unlikely event that I am unable to  if I am late, please delay the meeting
/ T9 D9 ?: L6 z/ e    be on time, please delay the meeting
/ S8 D9 F" u2 Q4 y- N& }7 f2 w  P  14. in view of the fact that          because
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 19:56:56 | 显示全部楼层

写作指导:2011年商务英语考试写作讲议第二讲(1)

  15. it will be greatly appreciated if you    please
, S5 Y! w( o3 _( o& T2 [  16. our production of the new product will  production will begin on July 1
, K& U8 ^5 Z5 P" J$ P9 t    commence on July 1( [4 B; L9 y- o( L
  17. please be advised that we expect you to   please review the contract
- U$ N5 m* U2 T3 a    review the enclosed contract
) ^6 u7 N1 D3 l8 y  (5)多使用主动语态的句子结构以明确表达意思。" E* m; i) C! S1 ~* j
  Payment of their accounts will be made by Johnsons next week.
" m  R1 F1 t6 i9 V0 g# o3 J% E  Johnsons will pay their accounts next week.
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