2012年雅思阅读考试考前冲刺试题（4）

会计考友

2012年雅思阅读考试考前冲刺试题（4）
  ?9 x+ S! O7 ^- B  iDon't wash those fossils!
　　Standard museum practice can wash away DNA.
; F) H( c5 Z2 a9 S+ ~2 w0 r/ Z, _　　1.Washing，brushing and varnishing fossils — all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike — vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA.
　　2.Instead，excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves，and freezing samples as they are found，dirt and all，concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today.
　　3.Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA，Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris，France，and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be. This information，they say，needs to be hammered home among the people who are actually out in the field digging up bones.
　　4.Geigl and her colleagues looked at 3,200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species，called an aurochs. The fossils were dug up at a site in France at two different times — either in 1947，and stored in a museum collection，or in 2004，and conserved in sterile conditions at -20 ºC.
/ b, h7 `6 A! n* `; F" B　　5.The team's attempts to extract DNA from the 1947 bones all failed. The newly excavated fossils，however，all yielded DNA.
- r! ?& `' _5 a' K9 e
2 m8 ?+ ?6 H1 J2 ^) i　　6.Because the bones had been buried for the same amount of time，and in the same conditions，the conservation method had to be to blame says Geigl. "As much DNA was degraded in these 57 years as in the 3,200 years before," she says.1 2 3尾页

会计考友

　Glossary
　　Palaeontologists 古生物学家
2 e" [% X2 k' ~) k　　Aurochs 欧洲野牛
　　Neanderthal (人类学)尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类。
　　Permafrost (地理)永冻层
  x/ |" u4 \8 m  S: H2 Z# [　　Questions 1-6
. ~+ J( R- f+ \. N; K/ u　　Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

  Q, Z3 |) k6 B7 R9 u& Y( x, |　　1.How did people traditionally treat fossils?1  2 3尾页

会计考友

　　Questions 12-13
　　Complete the following the statements by choosing letter A-D for each answer.
　　12.“This information” in paragraph 3 indicates:
; U. a& V! o3 }" m1 V( b　　[A] It is critical to follow proper practices in preserving ancient DNA.
　　[B] The best way of getting good DNA is to handle fossils with gloves.
　　[C] Fossil hunters should wear home-made hammers while digging up bones.
3 i5 y/ G/ p9 x3 p, G　　[D] Many palaeontologists know how one should do in treating fossils.
　　13.The study conducted by Geigl and her colleagues suggests:
( ~! G$ d* }. m! K9 U　　[A] the fact that ancient DNA can not be recovered from fossil b

Suggested answers and explanations1 2  3 尾页