历年托福考试语法真题全面解析19

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11. The scholarly interest in perception stems largely from questions about the sources and validity of what __________.
- ?) l, p- ~. Y- P- x% E(A) it is known as human knowledge
' i4 h/ \8 H. q+ U, u(B) is known as human knowledge
; q( E$ G+ L# f# i$ h& C5 Y9 ?6 j(C) known human knowledge
' V' O9 C) ]  a1 Z0 @; {(D) is human knowledge known
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答案：B
$ \6 I, V1 D- o8 E测试点：what引导的名词从句。
分析：介词of应后接名词性成份作介词宾语。What…结构的作用相当于一个名词，它要么是what+不定式，要么是what从句，即名词性从句。答案中无不定式形式，只有(B)能与what组成完整的从句，故选 (B)。(A)it与what重复。
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4 E$ E2 s. K* O% L7 P3 n7 F12. Because of the Aleuts’ constant exposure to cold weather, they have long recognized __________ .
( H0 c% o& z2 v) s(A) and body needs to be fat
/ d% @4 a) t" K+ X" U8 ~" l1 F- L(B) body needs the fat
(C) how fat the body needs
* u" b9 C( G; |6 p' O9 ?(D) the body’s need for fat
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' r/ S- G4 z0 i* a1 V, z答案：D
" n1 Z4 ]' B" G3 J& `8 |- A, E: Z7 m* p测试点：宾语。
分析：recognize是及物动词，其后应接名词性的成份作宾语。(D)是名词词组，故选(D)。(B)看似省掉that的宾语从句，但fat前的定冠词the是错误的。(C)如改为how much fat则在句子结构上亦是正确的。
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7 J& ]9 P7 a3 g13. Almost all economists agree __________ by trading with one another.
5 `3 S+ }8 B5 T/ ^# Y! d(A) nations that are gained
: [8 Q6 S  v0 m/ s6 }; Y(B) nations they gain
# W2 s1 L( p8 d" v, P(C) gaining nations
; P( x6 @. H, |" z1 v; b- X(D) that nations gain
  
答案：D
测试点：宾语从句。
分析：请注意动词agree的几种句型结构：(1)agree十宾语从句； (2)agree with／to十名词结构。
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$ a/ w' ]- C  I. \! a) p! b% l14. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for __________ with which to regulate them.
(A) more accurate than sundials
8 v# m( Q# \% x8 V: O$ d(B) more accurate sundials
: v( [. O# C3 q( D(C) sundials more accurately
) y6 D8 L1 o& I) c; Y, Y7 f: A(D) more accurately than sundials
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答案：B
0 V* Y6 m$ i% [/ C测试点：介词宾语。
分析：介词for后面应接名词性的成份作其宾语。4个答案中只有(B)是以名词sundials作中心词的词组，可作介词宾语。
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: I0 B. y0 x" \( U- w15. Anthropology is a science __________anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
(A) in that
. [+ V3 W: C; k' o9 ?5 P(B) that in
, }" n9 P$ B, Q3 |+ ~, ^(C) that
0 |1 L- d- C; G3 s; Z' u0 B(D) in
  
答案：A
测试点：习语。
/ C5 q: P5 H6 h/ j; v分析：空格后面的部分说明Anthropology is a science的原因，而并非修饰它。答案中只有(A)in that表示“因为”，故选(A)。(C)that是错误的。从句子结构上分析这个that无法引导出定语从句，因句中既有主语(anthropologists)又有宾语(asetof…)； 从句意上分析，that后面的部分并不是前面Science的同位语从句。
% O1 n/ U  e: E6 M解题要点：当4个答案中有in that这个短语时，首先要考虑选择它。