历年托福考试语法真题全面解析41

会计考友

1. When ---in arctic regions, the Aleuts construct igloos as temporary winter shelters.
(A) travel
; Z1 Z( j8 r- b(B) to travel
- z4 n) V' R: X(C) traveling them
6 r: G7 T* a. \8 n5 ~(D) traveling
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答案：D
5 r8 Z: c2 l5 d1 T9 q; E" k测试点：省略句。
8 G. l' g9 ~; L/ \) L7 ?分析：引导状语成分的连词when可后接从句或亦可接分词。When+分词短语相当于从句省掉了主语和系词，即when(the Aleuts are)traveling in arctic legions．(A)动词原形和(B)不定式均不可与when连用作状语；(C)多了them.
解题要点：时间状语从句的连词(when,while)后可直接加分词短语。条件是这一从句的主语应与主句的主语同一人／物。
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3 \) w" p% ]% W0 ]5 z& r2. Most substances contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is ---of its liquid.
- {3 u$ ^: E% B8 P1 m! s(A) than the higher density
(B) higher than the density
(C) the density is higher than that
4 c" ^( T8 m, o/ s# T(D) the higher the density
  
答案：B
测试点：比较级／词序.
分析：比较级的句式要求动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+被比较的成份，4个答案中只有(B)符合此结构.
  
3. The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ---clearly understood.
6 A$ N% K2 ]0 E$ C8 t" t% `- T+ Q(A) none
% |. S  k6 o, U$ z' m(B) no
(C) not
(D) nor
: A7 a, }/ w5 K3 @  
8 B, K' `* H9 G0 S, }& A, Z答案：C
2 v9 J! \1 I) @$ j. V6 j! k测试点：否定词.
分析：否定动词要用副词not.
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4. Desert animals ---a means of retaining moisture in such a hot, dry climate if they are to survive.
(A) need
' N' G  L# v4 O# @1 `) _. T(B) needing
& V& A$ Y3 g1 P5 S0 a# b! V/ o3 E(C) to need
/ f# `8 X# P$ {! m9 {; }& ?(D) was needed
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答案：A
测试点：谓语.
3 u, i, G, [, Z' _5 Y' e6 ~" Q分析：空格两边都是名词性成份，说明所缺为谓语动词．答案中(A)可作谓语．(B)(C)不能单独作谓语；(D)用了被动式，与句意不合。
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5. ---state of Wyoming is also known as the “Equality State” because Wyoming women were the first in the nation to vote.
& n" Y: Z6 ?. X9 B' O  G(A) The
(B) There is a
8 G+ d0 O/ `0 S! a& L2 i; B(C) That the
2 D6 t" D+ S: x, O1 ^& w2 W% z4 @(D) As the
  
1 E% l5 Z  O! v/ }答案：A
9 J) t  Z. P% T% B0 S测试点：冠词.
+ e. b; {* |% c6 P分析：空格后是一完整的复合句，空格内不可能填入带有连词或动词成分的(B)、(C)或(D)．这里缺少的是限定state of Wyoming的定冠词the.