历年托福考试语法真题全面解析44

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16. Sociological studies have found that deeply hold values and principles are highly resistant to change.
  
' m$ z0 e6 |5 s9 p答案：B
/ |1 w% N) Z# T6 K4 c3 s7 I测试点：词形.
+ x6 o- H2 j! z% C: s分析：修饰名词values应当用动词的过去分词，而hold是动词原形．应为held.
解题要点：分词的作用相当于形容词.
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3 n8 _" ?1 N! M* m- c/ c( l+ q: I17. For centuries large communities of people have living on houseboats in parts of the world where the climate is warm and the waters are calm.
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- s: B8 a/ x7 v# I% v答案：A
% E! F5 z, Z! _) D4 a+ d% \测试点：时态.
3 \# u% Z% C  _' f/ R* d$ j; b分析：Have living是错误用法，应为have been living、
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18. Benjamin Franklin made the first bifocal spectacles for self by sawing the lenses of his eyeglasses in half.
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答案：B
测试点：反身代词／近义词。
- q6 `% x) L  J4 X3 M5 k分析：self为名词，意为“自我，本性”；此处应用反身代词himself指代主语Benjamin Franklin.
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19. Not only do artificial reefs provide fish with food and shelter, they also serve as importantly underwater landmarks.
  
答案：D
测试点：词性.
分析：修饰名词landmarks应用形容词，而importantly是副词．应为important.
解题要点：当划线的是-ly结尾的副词时，应注意其是否错用，是否应为形容词.
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  _5 X( D/ e9 S20. The United States Department of Agriculture supervises the quality, clean, and purity of meat.
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答案：A
测试点：并列结构.
3 r0 R! @( _0 l. j1 |+ p分析：关键词是and，它所连接的部分应同词性、同形式．此处应用名词cleanness与quality和purity并列。