历年托福考试语法真题全面解析68

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16. Porcelain is not a single clay, and a compound of kaolin, ball clay, feldspar, and silica.  
  
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  K* k0 [1 T9 n$ ]# |/ F测试点；not…but…用法.
分析：看到not…，应想到后文有表示转折关系的but与之连用，不能用表示并列关系的and连接.
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  j8 Q3 f/ A0 u, E# K3 K17. The bison, know for the hump over its shoulders, is usually called a buffalo in North America.
  
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$ O5 i% Y+ _- D. s: A' _0 f测试点：词形
分析：分词短语作后置定语．know是动词原形，而修饰主语应当用分词应为known.
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18. Perspiration, the body’s built-in cooling mechanism occurs as a natural reaction to nervousness, intense heat, or vigorously exercise.
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& @, z! ]2 W1 u. t0 s9 x& h/ J测试点：词性／并列结构.
分析：连词or两边的成份应同词性、同性质，故exercise应与nervousness和heat一样，是名词而非动词。修饰名词应当用形容词vigorous，不用副词vigorously。
8 [  \7 d* A5 ^$ R7 d解题要点；遇到划线的-ly结尾的副词时，应首先考虑它是否与其形容词形式错用.
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19. Because of the rising cost of fuel, scientists are building automobile engines who will conserve gasoline but still run smoothly.  
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+ k9 h# C! P: r! b! Q% k  S8 }( X答案：D
测试点：who和which的用法.
. ~( J$ U# |) L; q# K! q分析：定语从句修饰的engines是物而不是人，作为从句主语的关系词不能用who,而应为that或which.
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20. The primary function of a sonometer is to calculate and demonstrate the relations mathematical of melodious tones.  
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, o5 Y) w" L" J% p4 O; G答案：C
  D  A( o& p0 [! O测试点：词序.
分析：单个的形容词修饰名词时，应放在名词前面．应为mathematical relations.
解题要点；形容词(定语) +名词这一结构的词序颠倒是TOEFL常考题型。