Simile(明喻) 试比较以下两种TOEFL听力表达方式:4 \& d( j' n6 Y4 [
1)He spent a lot of money.(他花了大笔的钱。)+ O8 c0 c, z! v6 Q7 M- D
2)He spent a lot of money, like water.(他花钱如流水。)
$ ?8 j3 k$ Z! V# Y) B0 I) V 很明显,第二种表达方式比第一种更加生动和形象。因为like water(如流水)使用了Simile(明喻)的修辞手法,这样以来,无疑使语言更加精彩和完美,听力考试也不再单纯是一门考试,而变成了一种享受。Simile(明喻)一词源于拉丁语similes,其意为like(象)。他借助人们的想象力,使用一定的比喻词如:like, as等加以连接,从而清楚的表明两种事物之间的相似之处,使得表达更加新鲜有趣。其典型形式是A is like B.
* B! R% @: }, n0 m' i6 [1 J8 f Simile(明喻)的修辞手法在TOEFL听力中的运用可谓炉火纯青。
7 |6 P F+ O0 R3 d* e5 F0 \- ` 比如:(划线部分为明喻之处) 1.Like引导1) He sweats like a pig.(他像猪一样流汗。) 2) They slept like babies.(他们像婴儿一样熟睡着。) 3) Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.(John Ruskin)(生活没有目标犹如航行没有指南针。)
6 |$ L/ T! z0 V- ] 4) Records fell like ripe apples on a windy day.(E.B. White)(被打破的记录犹如刮风天成熟的苹果——纷纷坠落。)" ^7 y" s# R! ?) U
2.As引导1)She is as beautiful as a flower.(她像花一样的美丽。): z4 }* r: ?/ _. o, H( v2 H
2)“I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as am angel, I am as merry as a school boy. I am as giddy as a drunken man...”(Charles Dickens)(我像羽毛一样轻,我像天使一样幸福,我像小学生一样快活,我像喝醉了酒的人一样飘飘然……)
, h! ]/ c# `) j. ^2 \8 t. \ 3)The first time I read an excellent book, it is to me as if I had gained a new friend. (我头一回读到一本好书,对我来说好象交了一位新朋友。)
$ C5 y4 J! { l6 A2 _' k# S 注意:As引导的as...as结构在英语中得到了广泛应用,若能在口语交流或各种作文考试(如:TWE等)中用上一个,定会得到意想不到的效果,常用的as结构有:
. B& P9 \0 h' t B1 B (as) firm as a rock坚如磐石(as) light as a feather轻如鸿毛(as) close as an oyster守口如瓶(as) mute as a fish噤若寒蝉(as) strong as a horse强壮如牛(as) cool as a cucumber泰然自若(as) sober as a judge十分清醒(as) sure as a gun千真万确, @- b; B# J' u% }
(邱政政:上海新东方学校综合英语培训部主任。著名英语听力、口语、电影教学专家,TOEFL听力、电影听说主讲,首创“M7齐步走英语听说教学法”。) |