新托福阅读材料：城市让生活更美好

会计考友

城市化已成为目前世界上大部分国家都要面对的课题，那么，人类的城市化进程如何能与大自然和谐共处，如何给更多人的未来带来希望呢?接下来，我们就来探讨一下本届上海世博会的主题：城市让生活更美好。  
　　Gardens in the streets instead of parking places for carbon-emitting cars mean a 7% increase in your property value. Walking-only zones in city centers increase retail sales in those areas by up to 20%. Happier planet, in other words, happier people.
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　　These results come from a recent report from Transportation Alternatives (TA), the New York City group--of which I am a board member--that advocates both for livable streets and for safe and easy biking, walking and transit use.

) Q+ r# a; m% i7 ~; l( k- C　　Citing the TA report, the New York Observer writes:
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　　In Grand Rapids, Mich., property values increased by nearly one-third following traffic-calming measures.
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+ \* Z  j- J0 k) J　　An effort to make downtown Melbourne, Australia, more livable spurred a 50 percent pedestrian volume increase over 10 years. The number of outdoor cafes quadrupled and the number of cafe seats nearly tripled.
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/ T! B, _* @1 Z+ i+ b! \　　After two through-traffic streets in Cambridge, England, were closed, daily traffic levels dropped by more than 7,300 vehicles with no effect on retail.

　　A survey of shoppers in central London retail districts found that those who walked to stores spent much more over the week than those who drove.

　　As the Observer says, and I have to assume this would be true of most cities:

　　"The gathering evidence suggests a sunny mantra: Design additional livable streets and New Yorkers would come—and property owners and retailers would benefit."