新托福考试阅读练习：Pocahontas’WeddingSiteFound

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　当哥伦布发现美洲时，许多印第安部落在美洲大陆上繁衍生息。而欧洲人的到来改变了美洲，众多印第安人的命运也由此发生了变化。今天的托福考试阅读练习说的就是一位非常具有传奇色彩的印第安女子。  
- }9 U- e+ J/ \1 b  m) c% r　　波卡·洪塔斯 (Pocahontas)

$ y6 B. Y% h  W　　生于: 1596年

. t8 l& T  ^  j　　死于:1617年3月21日

  s$ C' M5 Z( {& @7 W; i9 X8 ]　　波卡·洪塔斯(Pocahontas)是波瓦坦(Powhatan)之女，波瓦坦是住在维吉尼亚州的亚尔冈京印地安人(AlgonquianIndians：即波瓦坦人)的一位重要酋长。她的真名是「Matoaka」，而波卡·洪塔斯是她的绰号，意为「爱嬉戏的」或「调皮的」。波卡洪塔斯最着名的事为传闻她救了英国上尉史密斯(JohnSmith)的生命。她的一生短暂(死于22岁)，但她在其他方面却影响深远。波卡洪塔斯试着要促进波瓦坦人及英国殖民间的和平;她甚至改信基督教及嫁给一位詹姆士镇的移民罗尔夫(JohnRolfe)，一段有助于两边人民融合的婚姻。

( g6 s+ ~! P7 p　　一九九五年，迪斯尼影片公司推出的第三十三部经典动画片《风中奇缘》(Pocahontas)，该片是根据这位印第安公主的真实经历改编而成，也是迪斯尼第一部由真实历史改编的长篇剧情动画片。

　　A team of archaeologists believe they may have finally discovered Pocahontas' wedding site, a mystery that has long vexed scholars.
　　印第安公主波卡·洪塔斯的婚礼现场时长期困扰学者的未解之谜，考古学家小组深信他们发现了当年的婚礼现场遗址。
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0 T  d) z" a# ^* e2 E　　Her matrimonial location may sound more modern than one would expect for a 1614 marriage between a 19-year-old daughter of an American Indian chief and her tobacco farmer husband.
1 Q. ~. T  t$ L/ @　　与人们预期中的1614年间一个印第安酋长的女儿与其烟农丈夫的婚礼不一样，波卡·洪塔斯的婚礼现场更时髦。

+ d1 d/ p) {, }  p8 f　　Archaeologist Bill Kelso and his team discovered the church in a previously unexplored area of the fort in Jamestown, Virg. During a dig, they unearthed a series of deep holes. They believe the holes were once filled with wood columns that supported the fort's first church, built in 1608.
: ]. a7 k$ b5 ]- Y; i# |% o　　考古学家比尔·凯尔索和他的团队在詹姆斯敦未曾开发的的区域发现了一座教堂。挖掘过程中他们发现了一连串的洞穴。他们认为这些洞穴里曾经堆满了用于1608年修建第一座教堂的木柱。
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　　Kelso has spent decades excavating Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in colonial America.
　　凯尔索花了十年的时间在挖掘詹姆斯敦—英国在美洲殖民时的第一个根据地。
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　　Remnants of the church are mostly now gone, but Kelso believes the site had 60-foot-long walls and a thatched roof.
0 i( s. Z( L9 T$ M3 C　　现在，教堂的残骸大多已经消逝了，但是凯尔索相信这个地方曾是有60英尺长的墙，并且房顶是用茅草盖的。

　　A row of graves found near the altar was the clincher that convinced his team that they had indeed found the fort's church.
" [6 B* x7 O* k+ D　　在祭坛附近发现的一排坟墓是让这个团队确信发现了教堂的关键。
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+ \2 V1 a9 R0 \  p　　Historically, prominent Anglicans were buried in that part of the church, called the chancel.
　　历史上那些杰出的英国过教徒葬于教堂被称为圣坛的区域。

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　　Photo: A historic portrait of Pocahontas in London, age 21, dressed as the Christian lady she had become. This portrait hangs in the National Portrait Gallery of the Smithsonian, in Washington, D.C.
0 U- a/ m: j: P, B9 c# m* z　　图为波卡洪塔斯21岁时在伦敦打扮成基督教女士的画像。这幅画悬挂在华盛顿特区的史密森学会国家肖像画廊。
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　　The church was a major part of the settlers' lives. The large church was built in the center of the fort, so no one could pass through the site and miss it.
7 {- j4 B/ X- U4 w. L& A" ]+ ?% Q　　教堂是殖民者的主要生活区域。教堂建于城堡的中心，因此没有谁能穿过这个区域，也没有谁能忽略。

$ s! d( A/ I5 c: O! X, j　　Some erroneously believed Pocahontas was romantically linked to Captain John Smith, most likely due to the Disney film inspired by her life. In fact, many scholars believe Smith's claims that Pocahontas saved his life after he was captured by the Powhatans to also be myth.
　　有些人错误地把波卡·洪塔斯与史密斯上尉联系在一起，一大部分原因要归咎于一部灵感来源于其生活的迪士尼电影。事实上，许多学者认为史密斯所说的在他被波瓦坦囚禁之后，波卡·洪塔斯救了他也是虚构的。
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　　Pocahontas married the widowed John Rolfe in 1614 and bore him a son about nine months later. She died in England in 1617 at the age of 21. The cause of her death is still unknown.
% e$ l4 e5 [0 ^; ~# l　　波卡·洪塔斯于1614年与丧偶的约翰·罗尔夫成婚，9个月之后为他生了一个儿子。1617年在其21岁的时候于英国逝世。冠以其死亡的原因至今还未知晓。