iBT托福考试阅读解题攻略大全七

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2. 泛读----快速阅读与有效阅读
(1) 阅读中的详略结合-----SKIMMING
3 [* Y0 a  k& e/ r/ ?1) 需要详细阅读的内容
Ø       结构主体的内容
" A) G$ T6 N3 n, ?: dØ       非举例性质的概括描述
Ø       题目映射回原文的内容
0 L1 m8 Z; G* O/ [5 k1 c2) 可以快速浏览的内容
Ø       大量的数据堆砌
Ø       明显的举例: 为何而举,举例主体,结束位置
( C' O4 X" c/ ^  g" ^* g- \Ø       对比\类比读一半
Ø       让步\转折读一半(转折以后的那一半)
1 y9 R  V4 l/ x(2) 理解单位扩大和阅读中逻辑的构建----模糊理解理论
1 \, g6 e+ _$ T1) 阅读中的恶习----指读\声读\回读\视角高度过低\
二次阅读
2) 理解单位和阅读逻辑
/ h- q% d- b; a5 T( N+ s) J( YØ       加大理解单位,变单词为意群组合----焦点训练法
! {  M/ h/ h1 c' ^( j+ [1 T* A$ ~ü       可以合并为意群的成分:  
2      副词
2      介词短语
' D# w* R5 q3 N+ G- l5 h2      分词短语
$ j( K2 n0 ?9 j7 n* [2      非谓语的不定式
2      主语和谓语或谓语和宾语
2      固定搭配
例: Generally, in order to be preserved in the fossil record, organisms must process hard body parts such as shells or bones. Soft, fleshy structures are quickly destroyed by predators or decayed by bacteria. Even hard parts left on the surface for certain length of time will be destroyed. Therefore, organisms must be buried rapidly to escape destruction by elements and to be protected against agents of weathering and erosion. Marine organisms thus are better candidates for fossilization than those living on the land because the ocean is typically the site of sedimentation, whereas the land is largely the site of erosion.                                                
Generally, in order to be preserved  in the fossil record, organisms must prosess  hard body parts  such as shells or bones. Soft, fleshy structures are quickly destroyed  by predators  or decayed by bacteria. Even hard parts left on the surface for certain length of time  will be destroyed. Therefore, organisms must be buried rapidly to escape destruction by elements and to be protected against agents of weathering and erosion. Marine organisms thus are better candidates for fossilization than those living on the land because the ocean is typically the site of sedimentation, whereas the land is largely the site of erosion.
% P; l) R/ o! c& p0 j9 `7 zØ       构建阅读逻辑, 变翻译为整体理解----强调一遍阅读法
& z2 A0 q4 P: l' ]# `精读: 消除阅读障碍的阅读方式→确保阅读的正确性→对
泛读: 快速有效阅读/广泛阅读→获取有效信息→快/广