托福阅读：children ’s fear

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托福阅读：children 's fear
　AIl children experience periods of fear. Fears are normal,and they help children solve issues of change and development. Fears also call parents' attention to a child's situation so the parent will provide extra support when the child needs it.
　　The fear of falling is buik into each newborn baby in the form of a clasping motion. A baby will make this motion when he is uncovered or surprised, or when he is dropped suddenly. His arms shoot out sideways and then come together as if to grab anything or anyone nearby. The baby usually cries out when he makes this motion. The startled cry attracts a parent's attention. Thus, even from birth. a baby is able to use this narural fear of falling to get help.
" n  b  [3 `1 K  I% _( w　　Another fear that babies have is the fear of strangers, a natural fear that alerts the child to a new situation. Anxiety around strangers is one of the earliest signs of' fear in babies. In studies that filmed babies as they played with adults, it was shown that even at one month old, the babies could distinguish between their mother, father, and strangers, and they showed this with clear differences in their own responses.wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM
5 u7 D4 i7 _7 ?9 M　　Fears appear during periods of new and rapid leaming. At one year old, and all through the second year, a whoie new world opens up when children learn to walk. They will both value and fear their new independence. At the same time they learn to run away from their parents, children also find new things to be afraid of-dogs, loud noises, strange people and places. Fears help children adjust to their new independence.
$ f& p4 q9 R, q+ Q- }3 M　　By overcoming their fears, chiidren acquire confidence in their own new abilities.
* [* T" [1 U4 z/ G* D. h( I　　Using points and examples from the lecture, describe fears that young children experience, and explain how these fears help children.