一、作表语:形容词和副词的混用
, O9 z4 k' c, Y6 Z' E3 o( T1. be + adv. -> be + adj. i q% y" m6 |" Y
eg: be rarly -> be rare 4 X$ Z! }% W. x5 r+ s
2. be + noun. + prep -> be + adj. +prep
1 o0 w K' M* w: m# oeg: be value for -> be valuable for 5 \4 B+ T; b0 G6 T' W- y
be fame for -> be famous for ( ~" c% Q- e5 {* |
3. be origin based on 错 表语唯一
6 n3 n8 ?5 i8 Q: sbe forcibily 错 6 q. ~6 d4 m. Q8 h, I3 b
be completely enclosed 对
1 T. `3 ~/ U; W \9 h+ @( D0 abe originally a poem 对
0 p4 M7 ]& s6 F! K% k) y4 vbe typicaly concerned with 对
0 k) f( a- Q+ Obe generally with 对
6 f0 x' S) p0 l5 r' t┏数+noun. $ I/ r' O9 t$ r6 ~$ D
be + noun./adj./分词 +┃adj. " g" S4 q' o7 n& {% O) h* a/ n
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ┗分词短语
/ L" j, d' t' b9 f' X/ L┗>adv.
+ `. s2 Z+ |, U二、作宾语时,名词和动名词的混用
2 x. |1 l9 [: R$ C4 k' t$ Z*原则:名词比动名词优先
t6 I- Q. A7 D6 Q u: z/ {9 H2 N from their kinding 错 $ [( T' k# T2 Z7 b
food supplying 错
6 o9 k6 E& q1 G7 O' l/ y! H 区别:名词作宾语,后面不可接名词
}4 F6 z% J3 O0 K7 m 动名词作宾语,后面可接名词 . a/ F1 }( K O" z* V. Y+ G! ^) Z
动名词前可加the:the making of any work of art 6 p u. r) k6 \1 }8 p' A# E" ]3 z
动名词前加the 后变化为一个纯粹的名词,不可再加名词了
" {, ^8 e( K8 G0 T; z2 O三、状语从句引导词与近义介词/adv.的混用
2 n0 _' K3 V: V Y) h1. when, while/during, in
" w% s7 L7 E& S7 g( a+ t* when, while+ noun. 永远错 2 ?9 u7 o2 S5 W
during + 句子 永远错
$ |+ B, N A# J7 S, a" @2. although/despite 5 B3 n, {8 q0 R3 t! _ }+ D& ~
despite + 句子 永远错 ; b9 V4 J1 S' g# Y, X9 p
despite the fact that 对 7 {' @! d2 m7 F: l% [, ]
3. even though/even 0 t- l% {! \$ Z% I) g
前者为连词,后者为副词
% w0 \2 n$ N9 w) o3 A5 y3 Deven + 句子 永远错
; I% Q: h0 ?' q3 h' w6 O1 h, _四、平衡连接词与近义副词的混用
8 Z C1 m( I. t) G% G& `6 }$ b1. and/also
5 e1 r% p i$ Z$ y前连后副
H- {6 y7 x. FV also V 对
$ B& Q5 s& v7 L, p: n' fnoun. also noun. 错 5 p4 x$ ^/ ]4 [& f1 B/ l# W
2. or / else ! ]+ V5 A0 ~2 e1 n- f& n) v# K
前连后副
6 f3 B+ H4 A" F$ dby scant else by color 错
, j. u/ _- Z3 p2 E6 ^3. but/instead
( K1 ~: ^, E- s# u前连后副 3 N8 h U) {6 K* q* d
五、表示人的名词与表示物的同根名词的混用 5 I6 d% F4 i: s2 ?( S- D) a
architect -> architectural
1 a4 F# T P) o E8 n- z3 ]inventor -> inventation
: q' |$ Y: T _* l9 N, A8 T- \ usculptor -> sculpture ' M! G6 G: z6 F! c
poet -> poem, poetry
" i( q. R2 B$ J3 G' Q, o5 n1 E5 @novelist -> novel + Q5 F; M j& k9 K; A- O
educator -> education & t8 l+ V7 s) s+ `: B; [* S' s
settler -> settlement
9 p Q6 Z- u8 I+ `composer -> composition : E0 H0 F! _6 M% z
engineer -> engineering - J6 T5 _9 m+ K9 z+ M$ k' X7 q
六、作定语,名词和形容词的混用
/ a2 s6 I2 M% n+ y原则:表示同一概念的形容词比名词优先 ! G! H6 R) Q: [" `
eg: certain 比certainty优先 9 N! V8 U3 {7 l! g. g
当意义不同时,就无所谓优先 ) L* l, Z; q. [% }; @, j' L, C
如: color monitor 彩显 ; J" B( h" c: n
colorful monitor 外观彩色的显示器
7 U8 b- k \& T5 ^( e colorful effect 多彩的效果
* O1 y7 D6 P; g U color effect 彩色效果
% q0 m' y# Z, _8 @/ G C 例外:
0 ~, Q6 q* X# E+ [ 1. 没有表示同一概念的形容词时,只能用名词修饰
7 s* I: I, B- e7 X; Q the city or regional planning 6 A8 Z, ~- U. n
Beijing city commercial bank ! h) z9 j( Z5 ]8 n5 u0 }4 I
the state government ! m8 @3 E: j3 k
2. noun. + noun. 为特定含义时,不改为adj. ' ~" W8 D: q c/ l2 K6 ]/ ]
safty glass 防弹玻璃 $ `5 |! ]8 J& V& ~3 O- i
exhibition flights 飞行表演
6 r( Y$ _" I% r) l0 r& A color monitor 彩显 - h F+ B4 u, N$ J, X' I
3. noun.修饰noun.,表示后一个名词的本质属性,品质,种类时,不改adj.
9 t7 U. ^2 Y: }***noun. + noun. 最后选
8 H8 M9 j) }* [4 W- n' U beauty salon 对
7 o3 `: w$ t2 O9 E/ t+ F# Tintelligence test 对 % m: G6 f6 F( w5 |0 `7 f J
*noun.+noun.在一起 a. 最后选 . d( Q2 Q% A1 s/ [9 V* x% e! b
b. 有无同概念形容词 / X+ l x2 [! }& R R2 u
c. 看句意
! L# [: j/ ^' z* q2 a七、作修饰语,形容词和副词的混用
5 m x) N$ `$ } 1. 副词永远不能修饰名词
% C0 ?/ H5 I# S5 r up arms -> upper arms
+ h* ^# L$ H& N0 r注意陷阱:adv. + 同位语
5 p3 C) t+ e! Q# A) `" g * special 永远改 especially : k8 E0 \; s5 X0 ?# V, t
The common cold, (which is) normally a minor illness, can threaten ' ?) F( L3 a. ]
the health of patient. : S2 _' P. h$ N$ _8 X
2. adj. + adj. + noun.
9 D- m) B1 O I# \3 F依次修饰关系 1 a8 k" X6 x" b z; I6 F$ }
an old red car
( P8 Q5 { O% La frequent pretty girl(??)
2 j1 p8 n, p/ ^$ a8 [$ I3. adv. + 数 + noun. ; 数 + adj. + noun. 对 6 j6 e& [) h; S+ _, Z1 k
数 + adv. + noun. ; adj. + 数 + noun. 错 4 T4 x' _6 j4 j+ e3 F
adv. + 数 + adj. + noun. 对
: W3 e( a/ v% x1 g7 F5 z& i; Q4. ┏ adj. 5 _; b1 \6 c. o0 H% b: T
┃ V
, x7 `, h- F; b, J% ~adj. + ┃ prep.
. C8 |2 W# l/ a2 ]4 t~~~~ ┃ adv.
; E: S6 R- ^- w1 w7 m: a/ x┗>adv. ┃ 分词短语 1 z& L6 b" t3 w l
┗ 数词 |