Unit 4 astringent a.收敛性的;止血的 [stringent 严格的;严厉的]- J3 C5 B: e- D2 K; Q6 q+ X A
astrolabe n.星盘) X m4 i# P' T
astrology n.占星学 [ASTRO-, -LOGY]
3 t/ |% _6 D+ C2 _0 {9 w; [ astute a.机敏的;狡猾的 [astut or astutus astus craft]! m! H6 `+ E% A
asunder ad.散开;碎散;分别 [ on sundran into pieces: cf SUNDER分为二,分开,切开]
$ s' X! T! d. I1 W+ j asylum n.收容所;避难所 [ asulon refuge a- not + sulon right ofseizure捕捉,扣押]
2 M. @7 F! W% l. M asymmetric a.不均匀的;不对称的
" e7 v0 H% o7 h! B atheistic a.无神论者的 [atheism无神论]; B- M2 Y; c) p( g0 C' e/ j
athirst a.渴;渴望 [ ofthyrst for ofthyrsted pp. of ofthyrstan be thirsty] R# C5 n& q" t7 k4 o: m2 T! ]
athlete n.比赛者,运动家;强壮的人[ athleta athletes athleo contend for a prize(athlon)]+ z1 w: p& b5 X6 ~5 _
athletics n.pl.运动 [athlete运动员]5 Y' {* b: C9 `0 Q: U- s; s: U! u! n
athwart ad.横穿过去;不顺利地 [A+THWART(古北欧语"横过")妨碍,反对,使挫折)]& ^! A7 S0 g$ B- V% }
atlas n.地图集 [ Atlas -antos a Titan who held up the pillars of theuniverse, whose picture appeared at the beginning] of [early atlases]/ s! d& l; y# M1 W0 ^
atomy n.微小之物;原子;矮人 [ANATOMY剖析;解剖学;骨骸 taken as an atomy]
$ S0 G7 g; W) D# n/ u1 {, g& r+ E4 P atonal a.无调的7 m" e3 G! b9 q' V8 p
atone v.补偿;赎罪 [back-form ATONEMENT 赎罪 at one + -MENT, after medL adunamentum and earlier onementobs] [one(v)unite]
9 U/ ]) a. Y" s6 } atrocious a.凶暴的;残酷的 [atrox -ocis cruel atrocity暴行]
- |, b, T& j% a) }# K# E atrophy v.使衰退;使萎缩 [atrophie or LL atrophia a- not+trophe food]: M0 b4 r. _6 o+ V: Z) P
attach v.附上,贴上;使属于 [estachier fasten: in Law sense thr. atachier]( |/ ~: x; o6 U2 ]
attachment n.附着;依恋;逮捕;扣押 [ attachement attacher(ATTACH, -MENT)]
, E j8 H4 S" j- G7 H; o. t* F attainment n.成就;造诣;学识) }! Z4 T$ g: H
attentive a.注意周到的;倾听的 [attente, atente, fem pp. of atendre ATTEND]
`/ u# E" O+ P3 }: @ attenuate v.使变细;使弱 [AD-, tenuis thin]4 K H, R7 I: n# k7 Z" g
attest v.证明;证实 [AD-, testis witness]
+ v' K' u* M# f3 A+ P attic n.阁楼 [attique, as ATTIC古怪的: orig a small order above a taller one]# o1 m7 U) f! @! G, P3 B
attire n.服装;盛装;打扮 [atir(i)er equip a tire in order]" k, j+ J9 \ d! { C1 A+ [; {
attorney n.代理人;律师 [ atorne pp. of atorner assignto+torner turn]
: U* o4 ] l% T! \. p" G! ]: ^ attribute n.品性 [ attribuere attribut-(AD-, tribuere assign)]
$ C& {1 p: S9 Y3 m4 n. [8 B attrition n.摩擦;磨损 [attritio atterere attrit- rub]
2 G& j- c; }! p0 p4 G attune v.使合拍调;使调和 [AT-+TUNE]
7 J8 d3 D. R" L4 O* { atypical a.非典型的;不正常的. @2 ]# Y) p- N' ^ H; R
auction v.n.拍卖;拍卖人 [ auctio increase, auction augere auct- increase]5 f: e7 f+ _* I) a) u! Y5 h
audacious a.大胆的;目中无人的 [ audax -acis bold audere dare audacity胆识;大胆;无耻]3 L0 T& H; T# t1 I! p& x% O
audible a.听得见的,可听见的 [audibilis audire hear. audibility 听得见,可听性]4 b" p/ K" U5 n* z& a
audience n.听众;观众 [audire hear]$ j4 z8 l* E) J" g/ N
audit n.检查(项目) [audire audit- hear audition听觉;试听(歌手等)]
3 X' q% ]! J) J. Y3 k0 G auditorium n.听众席,观众席;大讲堂 [ neut. of auditorius (adj.): AUDITORY, -ORIUM]
; v# \5 _9 E7 i! k% Q- i8 J augment v.增加 [ augment(n), augere increase]: J6 `1 J3 A" x4 [" k- f
augury n.占兆 [ augurie or augurium AUGUR]
) W- i2 g, C. Z* j" }( s h august a.堂堂的;威风凛凛的 [ auguste or augustus consecrated, venerable]( p0 _- h, z4 _1 b2 a+ w! f
aural a.耳的;听觉的 [ auris ear auricular耳的;听觉的;耳语的]8 D/ G. ^' f! n# U* a" ?) K0 ^9 u! y8 m
aureate a.金色的;灿烂的 [ aureatus aureus golden aurum gold]
) j2 d7 b1 Y1 e0 T1 h. a aureole n.光环 [aureola(corona), = golden(crown), fem of aureolus]
; W, k( i. `; U+ k9 c3 s auroral a.北极光的 [AURORA 极光;夜晚女神]* S9 r& Q$ \5 M
auscultation n.听诊 [auscultatio auscultare listen to]
( f% z. w- T: p0 M) {0 V auspice n.前兆;赞助;资助 [under the ~s of the company = under the company orig'observation of bird-flight in divination':auspex] [observer avis bird.3 g/ o' f2 c# {; s% F7 q5 D$ U
auspicate [开张;开幕式]# V- g! T; t B! L; V* ]/ l( ]
auspicious a.幸运的 [(auspice 的形容词)an ~ sign 吉兆 auspicial 占卜的;幸运的]; W& m( ~ |; u8 y6 Q: T
austere a.苛刻的 [austeros severe austerity严格,朴素;节约生活]6 L: B" i& u" J- y( x
austral a.南方的;向南的 [ australis Auster south wind]
. s& H5 Y8 g% ?) b I authentic a.可信的,确实的,真正的 [autentique authentikos principal,genuine], B5 ~4 a6 A* f
authenticate v.证实;鉴定;使生效 [medL authenticare: AUTHENTIC确实的,可信的]
! B/ V3 l- `- e1 C9 k authoritative a.权威的;可靠的 [authorization 授权;委任;认可,授权书]
+ R4 }1 R) S6 v authorize v.授权;委任;认为正当 [auctor: AUTHOR authoritative权威的authorization授权]
T7 A6 H; L0 K+ F8 C autocrat n.独裁者 [AUTO-, kratos power autocracy独裁政治]- H! ~/ y% N% h% l: g8 R# t
autodidact n.自学者 [AUTO- + didact as DIDACTIC]
8 {9 g$ C' v1 c, r5 L9 Q) \6 x! { automatism n.自动;自动作用 [automate AUTOMATON自动机械装置;机器人(robot)]
. C3 i r2 B$ P& ~" f automaton n.自动机器;机器人 [ neut of automatos acting of itself: AUTO-automatism自动]
4 C) @0 G/ A: W$ |8 f6 l autonomous a.自主的 [AUTONOMY自制,自制团体 auto自己+nomous法律]6 t) C) P/ g$ }3 I+ w4 S
autopsy n.验尸 [ autopsie or modL autopsia autoptes eye-witness]
3 V- r) K- e2 W' }8 s7 S/ y autotelic a.自己本身具有目的的 [AUTO- + Gk telos end]8 B; X4 C1 K9 n. ~( |, E
auxiliary n.a.帮助者;辅助的 [ auxiliarius auxilium help]
+ X" ?6 L$ n& u* A) ~$ B- P avail v.利益;效用 [vail (v.) valoir be worth valere]
: J. y. R1 T, Q- B8 y& `* e8 V- x+ c avalanche n.雪崩;涌至 [alt of dial lavanche after avaler descend]1 O- Y& F$ e, y3 e+ E' o: x
avarice n.贪婪 [avaritia avarus greedy avaricious贪婪的]
. ?5 p$ @9 e2 N% h& r$ [ avatar n.神之化身;具体化 [avatara descent down+tr- pass over]8 k1 v: e9 a/ P6 K$ ?
avenge v.报仇;复仇 [ vindicare vindicate("要求")证明无辜或清白]
6 Q. V1 ?4 z& W" F- T aver v.断言 [ averer(AD-, verus true) averment 断言,主张;申辩]
- [" H/ A' Q1 J" [* m averse a.不愿意的;反对的 [ aversus(AVERT)aversion嫌恶,反感;讨厌的人]
8 C. }; @, ~! M# D- P) y3 x, A; O avert v.避开;掉开 [ avertere(AB-, vertere vers- turn): partly avertir Rmc]
2 |+ U' o2 U, R" N* i# L1 Z# g aviary n.鸟的小屋;禽舍 [avi鸟+ary场所 aviatrix女飞行员 avian 鸟类的]
) i$ @. o+ }7 c, f aviate v.用飞机飞行 [back-form. AVIATION]5 |! X; y |; q6 h. o0 h ^
aviculture n.养鸟;鸟类饲养 [ avis bird, after AGRICULTURE]
6 L$ B d. N5 h7 Q4 v" I avid a.贪婪的;渴望的 [ avide or avidus avere crave]. n- I$ y6 ?0 Y. }
avocation n.副业;嗜好 [ avocatio avocare call away]
, v. I6 o7 ~8 x2 G/ i$ u: P: G% X avouch v.保证;确说 [ avochier advocare(AD-, vocare call)]
: X8 s) E# F3 P" x0 t6 X. N avow v.公开承认 [avouer acknowledge(AD-, vocare call) avowal声明,承认]6 K; `" D# G- [# p* h
avuncular a.如叔(伯)父的 [ avunculus maternal uncle, dimin of avusgrandfather]
0 h$ O5 X$ ~0 C# z$ d2 V1 q8 K await v.等待;准备作……之用 [AD-, waitier WAIT]$ c- N% ?# v( a
awe n.敬畏 [awe-inspiring令人起敬畏心(恐怖心)的]3 U& `6 Z* m9 t! ^( l
awhile ad.暂时;暂且 [ ane hwile a while]
1 ~0 B$ ?" Z" l awning n.雨篷;凉篷 [awning window 遮蓬窗 awn(麦等之)芒(beard)]
$ @4 e/ i+ w5 K awry ad.歪;斜;错误地 [A+WRY(一时)不高兴的;皱眉的;讽刺的]
4 b7 y }/ @; R6 d" d" U/ O axiom n.定理 [axios worthy axiomatic公理的;格言的]/ x h5 L0 v& l: C% R/ Z% K
axiomatic a.公理的;通则的 [axiom(数学逻辑)公理 axiom of choice (数)选择公理], `. x4 j( q& y, h% {3 {
axle n.轮轴;轴;车轴 [axle-tree axel-tre]
2 q: q) x) L, X/ u azure a.天青色的 [ asur, azur, Arab al the+lazaward]
. `3 W2 j4 U. A6 g+ E4 c6 V babble v.唠叨 [babbelen, or imit] `4 B' n, {# v: M, t5 A8 n& G
baccalaureate n.学士学位;告别训辞 [ baccalaureatus baccalaureus bachelor]
( k) K6 E- `( h bacchanalian a.饮酒狂欢的 [Bacchus god of wine bacchant酒徒Bacchae酒神Bacchus女伴]
. `9 Q4 [, k* q backbite v.背后诽谤 [backbiting 诽谤;背后造谣中伤]% p- l4 P! Y8 c8 h9 k3 p; p
backlog n.积压订货;蓄积;预备 [backblocks人烟稀少的backboard篮板 backbreaker 艰苦的工作,]
, F" u" d& `; `) E+ ~; x bacteria n.pl.细菌;传染菌0 e$ A& S" N6 X; [1 j' J- M/ m4 t
badge n.v.徽章;标记;象徵
9 V4 p2 w: B. q3 S2 j0 N badger v.獾;困扰;小贩 [BADGE徽章;标记, with ref to its white forehead mark ]
! T$ c2 y. j& v% K: {* g# r [badger game美人计 Badger State (the ~)美国威斯康辛州别称]
4 Z8 U! Y `8 w5 k" a badinage n.嘲弄;揶揄;开玩笑 [badiner to joke]
5 U7 S! }$ ]( I) N* D# G3 W baffle v.使迷惑;阻挠 [ bafouer ridicule, OF beffer mock baffling阻碍的;使困惑]9 l& y2 l# u. n4 m
bail n.保释金;担保
1 K; c2 k# ]9 `; H7 ~; D+ v( `' Q$ G bait n.v.饵;小憩;置饵于 [ beita hunt or chase badger baiting 耍獾的游戏]' \: z& y2 Y6 E' G* Q- ~3 X% z) u
bald a.无毛的;单调的 [ ballede, orig 'having a white blaze', ball- 'whitepatch']# m _! n0 O% Q. m) R \0 M
bale v.灾难;不幸
3 L+ n) W& z2 B" P) I balk v.中止;阻碍& N9 I' x: Y1 [: d- |
ballad n.民谣;歌谣 [ balade Prov balada dancing-song balar to dance]
% @. X9 Q! m# C$ l7 w: T# \+ ?) b/ c+ O ballast n.压载物;压仓物 [16th or Scand, of uncert orig]* A" C, u& D5 _8 w; Q9 D f, Z
ballerina n.芭蕾舞女 [ ballerino dancing-master ballare dance :BALL]
! R6 P: h% X$ }# q2 u6 e' V ballot n.投票用小球;投票。"小球 "
- D- F1 S4 ~! r, ^! s balmy a.温和的;芳香的 [BALM香油,镇定剂,安慰,芳香]
- ~2 N' j- x$ ` bamboozle v.欺骗;愚弄;使迷惑 [the Bamboo Curtain竹幕(中国大陆与西方世界在政治和意识形态上不同所形成的障碍;尤其194]9[至1976年间)]
+ [; c7 b1 C5 q) ^8 \2 \+ r V ban v.n.禁令;法规;逐出教门 [ bannan summon ]% s) T9 t. |) c" m
banal a.平凡的;陈腐的 ['compulsory', 'common to all',ban(BAN)banality平凡,陈腐]6 w: i( _ T) n; [# M5 u: ?5 u$ H( S
bandage n.绷带;蒙眼用布;包扎% {+ i0 }' f6 ?; s0 d; d
bandanna n.大手帕 [prob Port Hindi]& v5 B! |. o8 ?( p- a8 K* d: y& ~6 w
bandbox n.装帽纸盒;薄板盒5 x! T' x! W. \5 f6 b' \
bandit n.强盗,盗贼,土匪;歹徒 [bandito (pl. -iti), pp. of bandire ban: BANISH驱逐], d+ s# V0 q" e$ `& {9 `1 @
bane n.毒;危害;毁灭(的原因) [Gambling was the ~ of his life. 赌博是他的致命伤。]
$ o ^& ^' w. k baneful a.有害的 [BANE毒,危害;毁灭(的原因)]
, r, e: S; ~" F- W: B banish v.放逐;驱逐出境;忘忧 [ banir ult]
5 K: B$ E3 Z2 V, i& g banister n.栏杆小柱 [同baluster balustrade有小柱(baluster)的栏干bap小型卷式面包]; b- t7 O; a S$ V* D7 X2 S% m$ `
bankrupt n.a.v.破产;使破产 [BANK, rumpere rupt- break] ~% u' r: p% m3 @
banner n.v.旗;标志;大标题+ G$ d1 V, ?% w. i+ k
banter n.嘲弄( Z" @' z1 j6 c1 H
baptism n.洗礼 [ecclGk baptismos baptizo BAPTIZE施行洗礼;取名]
, y1 O( T4 T" o N: C barb n.倒钩;刺人的话 [ barbe barba beard barbed有刺的]
" e5 H: D. v4 ^; `6 p" ~$ \/ M3 E barbaric a.未开化的,野蛮作风的 [ barbaricus barbaros foreign]
2 v( s) Q2 P0 J8 \ barbarous a.野蛮的;异国语的 [orig of any foreign language or people: barbaros]
) h8 n) ^8 V; n6 w& X: ] foreign babarity[蛮行,残忍,粗野]
" w4 h0 A8 N6 y, H6 P4 I6 K barbecue n.v.烤肉架;烤肉野餐 [ barbacoa Haitian barbac wooden frame on posts]
Y% g9 ?0 k. c7 \6 ]# c; c barcarole n.船夫歌 [威尼斯运河平底舟(gondola)船歌 Barcelona 巴塞隆纳]
- s* [+ Z) }0 u0 h1 T$ d# | barge n.v.舢板;运输;蹒跚 [ perh med barica baris Egyptian boat]
k1 i3 g) A% c P5 n- ~; B bark v.吼叫;咳嗽;剥树皮 [同BARQUE prob Prov barca barca ship's boat]2 a# }+ C; s7 Y6 X" [
barley n.大麦 [ blic(adj)bere barley]$ V9 ~4 y* N# ^
barm n.啤酒泡 [ beorma barmy 充满酵母的;起泡沫的;笨的]" Z1 O+ P; n& T, N/ [
barn n.谷仓;巴安(断面单位) [perh phrase 'as big as a barn']/ X3 ?7 f$ @/ k' j: s
barometer n.气压计;晴雨表- S# o; C; Q5 w/ a( m3 G' }
baron n.男爵;大王 [ barun, baron med baro, -onis man]. E" P7 H: f7 w- a/ N$ Z. n, T
baroque a.过分装饰的;俗丽的 [(orig = 'irregular pearl')Port barroco]2 t. }; R0 x- n! w" K5 Q* d
barque n.咆哮;多桅帆船;树皮 [ barca ship's boat("小船"→embark出航,搭乘;投入,从事]' U! ]# @+ o* C6 e p# ]# p
barrack n.兵房;大而简陋建筑;驻扎 [app. BORAK]4 c, I4 y$ ?1 p% z; g
barrage n.弹雨;掩护炮火 [barrer(BAR)]
! p3 }1 Z1 R6 | A Y, t barren a.n.不妊的;不毛之地 [ barai(g)ne, barhaine etc]
[* e1 x& K' @- { barricade n.障碍物 [barrique cask barrica, rel to BARREL大桶;许多]' I$ h, ?8 r/ ?5 I7 @
barrier n.栅栏;关卡;障碍 [ barrere, OF barriere], F/ w' @1 B7 F s V
barring prep.除……以外 [barrio (西班牙、波多黎各)地方行政区域;大城市之郊区]( T! Q0 }% H" t) G; j1 ]8 n2 u
barrister n.律师 [16th c: perh after minister]6 k1 _6 ~/ Y9 ~" ~7 h2 q/ N
barrow n.手推车
0 O: M1 R( K/ D( ^1 z barter n.易货交易 [ barater: BARRATOR使船主遭受损失的船长或船员;诉讼教唆犯;买卖圣职或官位者]2 H( @# h! l2 F* z0 f. T' Z
basal a.基础的;根本的8 c% U. I5 N V0 n' J) g% M
bash v.怒殴;猛烈的一击 [bang, smash, dash]
4 I$ X) P3 ~: H3 _ bashful a.害羞的;内向的 [obs bash(v), = ABASH]
1 p. a* D, i7 h bask v.取暖;曝日;沐浴于 [BATHE ABASK在阳光中,炉火旁(取暖)The old man was lying ~ in thesun]
* @3 K, Q* ^" O, t5 h& f; d% ^ bastard n.a.非嫡子;可怜的;异常的 [bastardus, perh. bastumpack-saddle]
' f3 ~! i, X7 n baste v.殴打;公开责骂;涂油脂 [假缝,稀疏地缝布,衣服等;为防止烤焦在烤肉上涂调味酱]
3 W2 t( F$ h( i+ R2 F bastille n.城堡;牢狱;巴斯蒂监狱 [bastir build: the fortress and prison in Paris,destroyed in 1789]
. q4 E' }; W) y ~; g bastion n.城堡;设防地区 [ bastione bastire build]
7 i; I7 v6 e$ w: Y" @$ J batch n.一炉(面包等);一组 [bacan BAKE]% V6 L4 p4 l; V0 c, h9 `
bate v.压制;减弱 [BAIT = state of baited person] |